Drypoint is a printmaking technique of the intaglio family, in which an image is incised into a plate (or "matrix") with a hard-pointed "needle" of sharp metal or diamond point. In principle, the method is practically identical to engraving . The difference is in the use of tools, and that the raised ridge along the furrow is not scraped or filed away as in engraving. Traditionally the plate was copper , but now acetate , zinc , or plexiglas are also commonly used. Like etching , drypoint is easier to master than engraving for an artist trained in drawing because the technique of using the needle is closer to using a pencil than the engraver's burin .
18-702: Goyder may refer to: People [ edit ] Alice Kirkby Goyder (1875–1964), English artist George Goyder (1826–1898), Surveyor General of South Australia Joe Goyder (1907–1986), English boxer Mark Goyder (born 1953), English author and CEO Richard Goyder (born 1960), Australian businessman Margot Goyder and Ann Neville Joske née Goyder, wrote as Margot Neville Places in Australia [ edit ] Northern Territory [ edit ] Electoral division of Goyder Goyder River Goyder crater Hundred of Goyder (Northern Territory) ,
36-424: A cadastral division South Australia [ edit ] Goyder, South Australia , a locality Regional Council of Goyder Hundred of Goyder (South Australia) a cadastral division Electoral district of Goyder Goyder's Line , a boundary delineating a climate zone Goyder Highway Goyder Lagoon See also [ edit ] Goyder Institute for Water Research Topics referred to by
54-420: A drypoint, as long as it can be used to carve lines into metal. Dentistry tools, nails, and metal files can all be used to produce drypoints. However, certain types of needles are created specifically for drypoints: Printing is essentially the same as for the other intaglio techniques, but extra care is taken to preserve the burr. After the image is finished, or at least ready to proof, the artist applies ink to
72-424: A final wipe of the lightest areas of the image. Some printmakers will use their bare hand instead to wipe these areas. Once the desired amount of ink is removed, the plate is run through an etching press along with a piece of dampened paper to produce a print. A dampened paper may be produced by soaking a piece of printing paper, or any other papers that are slightly water-absorbent but are not water soluble, into
90-521: A local physician and his wife who was from Ripon . Goyder studied at the Bradford School of Art and after a spell in London, returned to Bradford. Goyder also took lessons at the art school established by Louise Jopling . Goyder painted animal figures and also landscapes in both oils and watercolours, while also working in drypoint , etching and with woodcarvings. She won a silver medal at
108-412: A smooth, hard-edged line. The size or characteristics of the burr usually depend not on how much pressure is applied, but on the angle of the needle. A perpendicular angle will leave little to no burr, while the smaller the angle gets to either side, the larger the burr pileup. The deepest drypoint lines leave enough burr on either side of them that they prevent the paper from pushing down into the center of
126-431: A tray of water for about 5 minutes. Afterwards, the paper is laid onto a towel and dabbed dry. The moist paper allows ink to be drawn out from the burred lines of the plate when it is pressed into it. Drypoint wiping techniques vary slightly from other intaglio techniques. Less pressure is applied to achieve desirable lines, because the burrs forming the image are more fragile than etched or engraved lines, but also because
144-489: Is also used for inkless scratched inscriptions, such as glosses in manuscripts. The lines produced by printing a drypoint are formed by the burr thrown up at the edge of the incised lines, in addition to the depressions formed in the surface of the plate. A larger burr, formed by a steep angle of the tool, will hold a lot of ink, producing a characteristically soft, dense line that differentiates drypoint from other intaglio methods such as etching or engraving which produce
162-537: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Alice Kirkby Goyder Alice Kirkby Goyder , or Alice Kirkeley Goyder , (8 December 1875 – 20 February 1964) was a British artist known for her depictions of animals and landscapes, in both paintings and etchings. Goyder was born in Bradford in West Yorkshire, and was one of the four children born to
180-1105: The 1897 Women Artist's Exhibition. Between 1899 and 1939 she was a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy in London and also had a long exhibition record with the Society of Women Artists from 1900 to 1953. She also exhibited at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool and was an active member of the Bradford Arts Club, the East Kent Art Society and the Ipswich Art Club, having lived at Faversham in Kent and then Orford in Suffolk later in her life. The British Museum holds examples of her etchings. Drypoint The term
198-465: The etched portions still strong. To counter this and allow for longer print runs, electroplating (called steelfacing by printmakers) can harden the surface of a plate and allow the same edition size as produced by etchings and engravings. The technique appears to have been invented by the Housebook Master , a south German 15th-century artist, all of whose prints are in drypoint only. Among
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#1732776289791216-406: The ink rests on the plate surface, instead of pressed down into indentations. Also, because of the characteristics of the way the burrs catch ink, the direction of the wiping matters. Ink tends to pile up in the lee of the burr during the application of the ink and wiping with the tarlatan, so if the printer wipes in the direction of the lines with their hand, they may remove most of the ink, leaving
234-596: The most famous artists of the old master print , Albrecht Dürer produced 3 drypoints before abandoning the technique; Rembrandt used it frequently, but usually in conjunction with etching and engraving . As intaglio techniques, they can all be used on the same plate. Alex Katz used this process to create several of his famous works, such as "Sunny" and "The Swimmer". In the 20th century many artists produced drypoints, including Max Beckmann , Milton Avery , Hermann-Paul and Martin Lewis . By adding aquatint work on
252-719: The plate and inking with various colours, artists such as Mary Cassatt have produced colour drypoints. Canadian artist David Brown Milne is credited as the first to produce coloured drypoints by the use of multiple plates, one for each colour. On the West Coast of the United States the respected printmaker Pedro Joseph de Lemos simplified the methods for producing drypoints in art schools. Contemporary artists who have extensively used drypoint include Louise Bourgeois , Vija Celmins , William Kentridge and Richard Spare . Any sharp object can theoretically be used to make
270-463: The plate with a dauber. Too much pressure will flatten the burrs and ruin the image. Once the plate is completely covered with a thin layer, a small scraper or card is gently used to remove excess ink. Then, a tarlatan cloth tightly wrapped in a spherical shape will be used to wipe away excess ink, by slowly yet firmly rubbing the smooth side of the sphere on the plate in small circular motions. Paper (typically pages from old phone books) may be used for
288-401: The recurring pressure of printing soon destroys the burr, drypoint is useful only for comparatively small editions; as few as ten or twenty impressions with burr can be made, and after the burr has gone, the comparatively shallow lines will wear out relatively quickly. Most impressions of Rembrandt prints on which drypoint was used show no burr, and often the drypoint lines are very weak, leaving
306-500: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Goyder . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Goyder&oldid=1213079223 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
324-420: The stroke, creating a feathery black line with a fine, white center. A lighter line may have no burr at all, creating a very fine line in the final print by holding very little ink. This technique is different from engraving , in which the incisions are made by removing metal to form depressions in the plate surface which hold ink, although the two methods can easily be combined, as Rembrandt often did. Because
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