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47-686: The Gallatin National Forest (now known as the Custer-Gallatin National Forest) is a United States National Forest located in South-West Montana . Most of the Custer-Gallatin goes along the state's southern border, with some of it a part of North-West Wyoming . The forest area comprises a total of 3,411,239 acres (13,804.79 km) with around 2,129,194 acres (8,616.54 km) located in

94-694: A U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and scholar of Native American languages and cultures. In 1959, a 7.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in Madison Canyon outside of Yellowstone National Park, resulting in a massive landslide that blocked the Madison River and formed what we know as Quake Lake. As of 2014, the Gallatin National Forest and Custer National Forest were merged administratively in order to combat rising costs, with

141-410: A steelhead subspecies, generally accepted as coming from Sonoma Creek . The rainbow trout of New Zealand still show the steelhead tendency to run up rivers in winter to spawn. In Australia, the rainbow trout was introduced in 1894 from New Zealand and is an extremely popular gamefish in recreational angling. Despite severely impacting the distribution and abundance of native Australian fish, such as

188-451: A backbone like snails, worms, or insects. They also eat flies, and most people who try to use lures to fish trout mimic flies because they are one of trout's most fed on meals. Trout enjoy certain land animals, including insects like grasshoppers. They also eat small animals like mice when they fall in. (Although only large trout have mouths capable of eating mice.) They consume a diet of aquatic life like minnows or crawfish as well. Trout have

235-408: A condition known as physostome . Unlike many other physostome fish, trout do not use their bladder as an auxiliary device for oxygen uptake, relying solely on their gills . There are many species, and even more populations, that are isolated from each other and morphologically different. However, since many of these distinct populations show no significant genetic differences, what may appear to be

282-595: A diverse diet they follow; they have plenty of different oppositions. Compared to other salmonids, trout are somewhat more bony , but the flesh is generally considered delicious, and the texture is often indistinguishable from that of salmon . The flavor of the flesh is heavily influenced by the diet of the fish. For example, trout that have been feeding on crustaceans tend to be more flavorful than those feeding primarily on insects and larvae . Because of their popularity, trout are often raised on fish farms and then stocked into heavily fished waters, in an effort to mask

329-600: A force the native salmon and trout have to reckon with. Not only do the non-native fish drive the native fish to occupy new niches, but they also try to hybridize with them, contaminating the native gene construction. As more hybrids between native and non-native fish are formed, the lineage of the pure fish is continuously being contaminated by other species and soon may no longer represent the sole native species. The Rio Grande cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis ) are susceptible to hybridization with other salmonids such as rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) and yield

376-696: A good fight when caught with a hook and line . As trout are predatory fish , lure fishing (which use replica baits called lures to imitate live prey) is the predominant form of sport fishing involving trout, although traditional bait fishing techniques using floats and/or sinkers (particularly with moving live baits such as baitfish , crayfish or aquatic insects ) are also successful, especially against stocked trout that are hatchery / farm -raised and thus more accustomed to artificial feeds . Many species of trout, most noticeably rainbow trout and brown trout , have been widely introduced into waterbodies outside of their native ranges purely for

423-477: A large number of species is considered a much smaller number of distinct species by most ichthyologists . The trout found in the eastern United States are a good example of this. The brook trout , the aurora trout , and the (extinct) silver trout all have physical characteristics and colorations that distinguish them, yet genetic analysis shows that they are one species, Salvelinus fontinalis . Lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ), like brook trout, belong to

470-479: A large part of the diet. In general, trout longer than about 300 millimetres (12 in) prey almost exclusively on fish, where they are available. Adult trout will devour smaller fish up to one-third of their length. Trout may feed on shrimp , mealworms , bloodworms , insects , small animal parts, and eel . Trout who swim the streams love to feed on land animals, aquatic life, and flies. Most of their diet comes from macroinvertebrates, or animals that do not have

517-429: A new " cutbow " trout, which is a contamination of both lineages’ genes. One solution to this issue is implemented by New Mexico Department of Game and Fish hatcheries : stock only sterile fish in river streams. Hatcheries serve as a reservoir of fish for recreational activities but growing and stocking non-sterile fish would worsen the hybridization issue on a quicker, more magnified time scale. By stocking sterile fish,

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564-799: A new management plan created for both national forests in 2020. Since 2014, the Gallatin and Custer National Forests are managed together as the Custer–Gallatin National Forest with a headquarters in Bozeman, Montana and an additional office in Billings . There are seven local ranger district offices for the forest, with locations in West Yellowstone , Livingston , Bozeman , Gardiner , Ashland , and Red Lodge for Montana and Camp Crook for South Dakota. There's access to

611-588: A source of nutrients for scavengers , detrivores and riparian florae , making trout keystone species across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems . The name "trout" is commonly used for many (if not most) species in three of the seven genera in the subfamily Salmoninae: Salmo ( Atlantic ), Oncorhynchus ( Pacific ) and Salvelinus ( circum - arctic ). Fish species referred to as trout include: Trout that live in different environments can have dramatically different colorations and patterns. Mostly, these colors and patterns form as camouflage , based on

658-415: Is a generic common name for numerous species of carnivorous freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the genera Oncorhynchus , Salmo and Salvelinus , all of which are members of the subfamily Salmoninae in the family Salmonidae . The word trout is also used for some similar-shaped but non-salmonid fish, such as the spotted seatrout/speckled trout ( Cynoscion nebulosus , which

705-564: Is actually a croaker ). Trout are closely related to salmon and have similar migratory life cycles . Most trout are strictly potamodromous , spending their entire lives exclusively in freshwater lakes , rivers and wetlands and migrating upstream to spawn in the shallow gravel beds of smaller headwater creeks . The hatched fry and juvenile trout, known as alevin and parr , will stay upstream growing for years before migrating down to larger waterbodies as maturing adults . There are some anadromous species of trout, such as

752-661: Is much cheaper than the imported Atlantic salmon and the meat are indistinguishable to the untrained eyes, and the news of trout being sold as salmon triggered public scrutiny accusing seafood suppliers of bait-and-switch and unethical business practices . Also, many people believe freshwater trout are more prone to parasites than oceanic salmon (even though both live in freshwater for significant periods of their life cycles) and thus unsafe for raw eating . One fillet of trout (about 79 g or 2.8 oz) contains: Trout are very popular freshwater game fish highly prized especially by creek fishermen, because they generally put up

799-463: Is virtually impossible to define a particular color pattern as belonging to a specific breed; however, in general, wild fish are claimed to have more vivid colors and patterns. Trout have fins entirely without spines, and all of them have a small adipose fin along the back, near the tail. The pelvic fins sit well back on the body, on each side of the anus. The swim bladder is connected to the esophagus , allowing for gulping or rapid expulsion of air,

846-495: The National Park Service , extraction of natural resources from national forests is permitted, and in many cases encouraged. Forest products are the resources removed and harvested from national forests. They may be for commercial or personal use such as “lumber, paper, and firewood as well as 'special forest products' such as medicinal herbs, fungi, edible fruits and nuts, and other natural products”. However,

893-454: The Trump administration encouraged more forest products to be harvested in order to support a struggling economy. There was a plan to develop around 190 million acres of protected National Forests in order to increase logging, grazing, and energy resources. This would be facilitated through shrinking the rules and regulations required to get permits to conduct such business. In October 2020,

940-658: The climbing galaxias , millions of rainbow and other trout species are released annually from government and private hatcheries. The closest resemblance of seema trout and other trout family can be found in the Himalayan Region of India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan and in Tian Shan mountains of Kyrgyzstan . Trout generally feed on other fish, and soft-bodied aquatic invertebrates , such as flies , mayflies , caddisflies , stoneflies , mollusks and dragonflies . In lakes, various species of zooplankton often form

987-400: The grasslands , shrublands , and forest understory are grazed by sheep , cattle, and more recently, rising numbers of elk and mule deer due to loss of predators . Many ski resorts and summer resorts operate on leased land in national forests. National forests include 14 national monuments where resource extraction is restricted. Trout Trout ( pl. : trout)

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1034-994: The steelhead (a coastal subspecies of rainbow trout ) and sea trout (the sea-run subspecies of brown trout ), that can spend up to three years of their adult lives at sea before returning to freshwater streams for spawning, in the same fashion as a salmon run . Brook trout and three other extant species of North American trout, despite the names, are actually char (or charr) , which are salmonids also closely related to trout and salmon. Trout are classified as oily fish and have been important food fish for humans . As mid-level predators , trout prey upon smaller aquatic animals including crustaceans , insects , worms , baitfish and tadpoles , and themselves in turn are also important staple prey items for many wildlifes including brown bears , otters , raccoons , birds of prey (e.g. sea eagles , ospreys , fish owls ), gulls , cormorants and kingfishers , and other large aquatic predators. Discarded remains of trout also provide

1081-847: The 4,000 mi (6,400 km) of streams and rivers there are major tributaries of the Yellowstone River , which bisects the western and eastern sections of the forest running through Paradise Valley . Major tributaries of the Missouri River , the Gallatin and Madison Rivers , also are found in the forest. The habitat supports over 300 wildlife species, including grizzly bear , bald eagle , and peregrine falcon . Many western North American species are represented in this climax ecosystem including elk , mule deer , bison , moose , bighorn sheep , pronghorn , cougar , gray wolf and black bear . Many species of fish inhabit

1128-577: The 70s Fahrenheit (21–26 °C), and the wintertime lows can drop below −40 degrees. Most of the precipitation falls in the form of snow with some places averaging over 33 ft (10 m) annually. National forest (United States) The Land Revision Act of 1891 , enacted during the presidency of Benjamin Harrison , allowed the president to set aside forest reserves on public lands. Harrison established 15 forest reserves containing more than 13 million acres of land. The bill

1175-567: The Federal Government's participation in this effort and repeal the current $ 30 million annual funding cap for the Reforestation Trust Fund. The United States national forest comprises about 132 million acres. There are 154 national forests and 20 national grasslands containing 193 million acres (297,000 mi /769 000 km ) of land. These lands comprise 8.5 percent of the total land area of

1222-592: The Forest Service to identify, investigate, and protect cultural resources on lands it manages. The U.S. Forest Service also manages all of the United States national grasslands and nearly 50% of the United States national recreation areas . Land management of these areas focuses on conservation , timber harvesting , livestock grazing , watershed protection, wildlife , and recreation . Unlike national parks and other federal lands managed by

1269-923: The Gallatin Forest area and 1,282,045 acres (5,188.25 km) within the Custer. Most of the Gallatin borders Yellowstone National Park and is a part of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem , an area which encompasses almost 20,000,000 acres (81,000 km) in and around the park. The Custer National Forest is spread out along Eastern Montana and the North-West side of Wyoming, with most of its land being held in Montana. The forest stretches through about six counties, including Park , Gallatin , Sweet Grass , Madison , Carbon , and Meagher . There are six separate mountain ranges within

1316-635: The Trump administration proclaimed its goal of "strengthening markets for wood products and incentivizing innovative manufacturing techniques" and reported "The Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service sold 3.3 billion board feet of timber from national forests in fiscal year 2019 — the highest output since 1997". Furthermore, President Trump signed an executive order to "establish the United States One Trillion Trees Interagency Council" in order to further

1363-621: The United States, an area about the size of Texas . About 87 percent of national forest land lies in the Western United States , mostly in mountain ranges. Alaska has 12 percent of all national forest lands. Within the national forest system, there are 1,200 sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places and 23 are National Historic Landmarks . The National Historic Preservation Act requires

1410-485: The char genus. Lake trout inhabit many of the larger lakes in North America, and live much longer than rainbow trout , which have an average maximum lifespan of seven years. Lake trout can live many decades, and can grow to more than 30 kilograms (66 lb). As salmonids, trout are coldwater fish that are usually found in cool (50–60 °F or 10–16 °C), clear streams, wetlands and lakes, although many of

1457-576: The day and larger trout crowding in during morning and evening feeding periods. Fishing for trout under the ice generally occurs in depths of 4 to 8 feet (1.2 to 2.4 m). Because trout are cold water fish, during the winter they move from up-deep to the shallows, replacing the small fish that inhabit the area during the summer. Trout in winter constantly cruise in shallow depths looking for food, usually traveling in groups, although bigger fish may travel alone and in water that's somewhat deeper, around 12 feet (3.7 m). Rainbow, Brown, and Brook trout are

Gallatin National Forest - Misplaced Pages Continue

1504-579: The east. The forest includes two wilderness areas, the Absaroka–Beartooth and the Lee Metcalf , along with some of the tributaries for the Yellowstone , Madison , and Missouri rivers. While the lower elevations are often covered in grasses and sagebrush , higher altitudes support Douglas fir , with several species of spruce , cottonwood and aspen being the dominant tree species. Of

1551-554: The effects of overfishing . Farmed trout are also sold commercially as seafood , although they are not saltwater fish . Trout meat is typically prepared the same way as salmon, often by smoking . In Mainland China , farm-raised rainbow trout from Qinghai was officially sanctioned to be labeled and sold domestically as salmon, which caused much controversy regarding food safety and consumer rights violation , as raw fish dishes or yusheng using Atlantic salmon are gaining popularity in southern China . Farmed rainbow trout

1598-634: The first-designated wilderness areas , and some of the largest, are on national forest lands. There are management decision conflicts between conservationists and environmentalists and natural resource extraction companies and lobbies (e.g. logging & mining) over the protection and/or use of national forest lands. These conflicts center on endangered species protection, logging of old-growth forests , intensive clear cut logging , undervalued stumpage fees, mining operations and mining claim laws, and logging/mining access roadbuilding within national forests. Additional conflicts arise from concerns that

1645-539: The forest including the Gallatin , Madison , Bridger , Crazy , Absaroka , and Beartooth Ranges. The Beartooth's are home to Granite Peak , which at 12,799 ft (3,901 m), is the highest point both in the forest and in Montana. A separate section of the forest north of Livingston, Montana, is located in the Crazy Mountains which rise over 7,000 ft (2,100 m) above the Great Plains to

1692-509: The forest off Interstate 90 South on U.S. Highway 89 from Livingston, Montana, to Gardiner, Montana, or South on U.S. 191 from Bozeman, Montana, to West Yellowstone. Over 2,290 mi (3,690 km) of hiking trails are located in the forest providing access to wilderness areas and interlinking with trails in Yellowstone National Park . There are almost 40 vehicle accessible campgrounds scattered throughout

1739-456: The forest, numerous picnic areas, and even cabins that can be rented for a nominal fee through the forest's district offices. West Yellowstone, Montana provides access both into the forest and to Yellowstone National Park and is a popular snowmobile center during the winter. Nighttime temperatures can be below freezing any time of the year, and mosquitoes in the late spring and early summer are abundant. Summertime high temperatures average in

1786-744: The most common trout species caught through the ice. By information from International Game Fish Association (IGFA), the most outstanding records are: Salmonid populations in general have been declining due to numerous factors, including invasive species , hybridization, wildfires, and climate change. Native salmonid fish in the western and southwestern United States are threatened by non-native species that were introduced decades ago. Non-native salmonids were introduced to enrich recreational fishing; however, they quickly started outcompeting and displacing native salmonids upon their arrival. Non-native, invasive species are quick to adapt to their new environment and learn to outcompete any native species, making them

1833-485: The native Gila trout will be evacuated from streams that are threatened by nearby fires and be reintroduced after the threat is resolved. Climate change is also dwindling native salmonid populations. Global warming continually affects various cold-water fish such as trout, especially as inland waterbodies are more prone to warming than oceans. With an increase of temperature along with changes in spawning river flow, an abundance of trout species are effected negatively. In

1880-532: The native salmonids can't share genes with the non-native hatchery fish, thus, preventing further gene contamination of the native trout in New Mexico. Fire is also a factor in deteriorating Gila trout ( Oncorhynchus gilae ) populations because of the ash and soot that can enter streams following fires. The ash lowers water quality, making it more difficult for the Gila trout to survive. In some New Mexico streams,

1927-420: The numerous rivers and other bodies of water, including white sucker , longnose sucker , mountain sucker , longnose dace , western mosquitofish , mottled sculpin , and gamefish such as Yellowstone cutthroat trout , mountain whitefish , and the introduced rainbow trout , brown trout , and brook trout . Various subspecies of trout are plentiful in the streams and they contribute to the forest being one of

Gallatin National Forest - Misplaced Pages Continue

1974-548: The preeminent fly fishing regions in the United States. The population of Yellowstone cutthroat trout in and near Gallatin National Forest have been at risk of hybridization with rainbow trout. The forest is a cross roads and homelands of a number of Indian tribes, and subject to the treaties, cultural traditions and practices of various tribes. The forest was founded in 1899 as a part of the Northern U.S. Forest Service, eventually being named after Albert Gallatin (1761–1849),

2021-496: The sake of recreational fishing , and some of these introduced populations have even become invasive in the new habitats. While trout can be caught with a normal rod and reel , fly fishing is a distinctive lure fishing method developed for trout, and now extended to other species. Due to the high proportion of insects and small crustaceans within the trout's diet, small lures made of hand-tied hairs and threads are often used to imitate these aquatic invertebrates that

2068-527: The species have anadromous populations as well. Juvenile trout are referred to as troutlet, troutling or parr. They are distributed naturally throughout North America , northern Asia and Europe . Several species of trout were introduced to Australia and New Zealand by amateur fishing enthusiasts in the 19th century, effectively displacing and endangering several upland native fish species. The introduced species included brown trout from England and rainbow trout from California . The rainbow trout has

2115-501: The surroundings, and will change as the fish moves to different habitats. Trout in, or newly returned from the sea, can look very silvery, while the same fish living in a small stream or in an alpine lake could have pronounced markings and more vivid coloration; it is also possible that in some species, this signifies that they are ready to mate. In general, trout that are about to breed have extremely intense coloration and can look like an entirely different fish outside of spawning season. It

2162-551: The trout prey upon. These ultralight fly lures cannot be cast adequately by conventional techniques, and a specialized heavy line (i.e. fly line) is needed to launch the lure. Understanding how moving water shapes the stream channel makes it easier to find trout. In most streams, the current creates a riffle-run-pool pattern that repeats itself over and over. A deep pool may hold a big brown trout, but rainbow trout and smaller brown trout are likely found in runs. Riffles are where fishers will find small trout, called troutlet, during

2209-484: Was the result of concerted action by Los Angeles -area businessmen and property owners who were concerned by the harm being done to the watershed of the San Gabriel Mountains by ranchers and miners. Abbot Kinney and forester Theodore Lukens were key spokesmen for the effort. There have been multiple legislative acts to expand the scope of the national forest system, as well as shrinking it. In 2020,

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