In electronics , the Gilbert cell is a type of frequency mixer . It produces output signals proportional to the product of two input signals. Such circuits are widely used for frequency conversion in radio systems. The advantage of this circuit is the output current is an accurate multiplication of the (differential) base currents of both inputs. As a mixer, its balanced operation cancels out many unwanted mixing products , resulting in a "cleaner" output.
18-437: Gilbert may refer to: People and fictional characters [ edit ] Gilbert (given name) , including a list of people and fictional characters Gilbert (surname) , including a list of people Places [ edit ] Australia [ edit ] Gilbert River (Queensland) Gilbert River (South Australia) Kiribati [ edit ] Gilbert Islands ,
36-450: A benign medical condition that may cause mild jaundice Gilbert (typeface) , a typeface created in honor of artist Gilbert Baker Hurricane Gilbert , a 1988 Caribbean hurricane See also [ edit ] Gilberts (disambiguation) Fitzgilbert , including a list of people with the name Gilberto , a similar name Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
54-595: A chain of atolls and islands in the Pacific Ocean United States [ edit ] Gilbert, Arizona , a town Gilbert, Arkansas , a town Gilbert, Florida , the airport of Winterhaven Gilbert, Iowa , a city Gilbert, Louisiana , a village Gilbert, Michigan , and unincorporated community Gilbert, Minnesota , a city Gilbert, Nevada , ghost town Gilbert, Ohio , an unincorporated community Gilbert, Pennsylvania , an unincorporated community Gilbert, South Carolina ,
72-516: A name used by English composer and musician Matthew Gilbert Linley Gilbert (film) , a documentary on Gilbert Gottfried Education [ edit ] Gilbert Academy , a defunct private preparatory school for African Americans in Louisiana Gilbert School , a privately endowed secondary school that serves as the public high school for Winchester, Connecticut Ships [ edit ] USC&GS Gilbert ,
90-670: A survey ship of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey US FWS Charles H. Gilbert , a fisheries research ship of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and (as NOAAS Charles H. Gilbert ) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Other uses [ edit ] A. C. Gilbert Company , an American toy company Gilbert (unit) , a CGS unit of magnetomotive force Gilbert Building (disambiguation) , several buildings on
108-473: A town Gilbert, West Virginia , a town Gilbert, Wisconsin , an unincorporated community Mount Gilbert (disambiguation) , various mountains Gilbert River (Oregon) Outer space [ edit ] Gilbert (lunar crater) Gilbert (Martian crater) Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Gilbert Collection , an art collection in the Victoria and Albert Museum Gilbert (band) ,
126-485: Is a given name of Norman-French origin, itself from Germanic Gisilberht or Gisalberht . Original spellings included Gislebert , Guilbert and Gilebert . The first element, Gil- , comes from Germanic gīsil , meaning "shaft of an arrow" or gisal "pledge, hostage", while the second element, -bert comes from Germanic -behrt , short form of beraht , meaning "bright" or "famous". The name spread in France and
144-494: Is little difference between the Jones cell and the translinear multiplier in this topology. In both forms, two differential amplifier stages are formed by emitter-coupled transistor pairs (Q1/Q4, Q3/Q5) whose outputs are connected (currents summed) with opposite phases. The emitter junctions of these amplifier stages are fed by the collectors of a third differential pair (Q2/Q6). The output currents of Q2/Q6 become emitter currents for
162-477: Is typically used when a low distortion voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA) is required. This topology is rarely used in RF mixer/modulator applications for various reasons, one being that the linearity advantage of the top linearized cascode is minimal due to the near-square wave drive signals to these bases. The drive is less likely to be a fast-edge squarewave at very high frequencies when there may be some advantage in
180-555: The American National Register of Historic Places Gilbert Cell , a transistor circuit used in communication electronics Gilbert Hill , a monolith column of black basalt rock in Andheri, India Gilbert House (disambiguation) , various buildings Gilbert Model , a social class model Gilbert Rugby , an English sporting-goods manufacturer Gilbert Street, Adelaide , Australia Gilbert's syndrome ,
198-618: The Iberian/Italian version Gilberto and, as was the custom across Europe, given a Latin language version Gilbertus , to be used alongside a person's native variant. The diminutives Gil , Gillie and Bert eventually became popular as a standalone given name or nickname . Gilberte is the feminized version of the name. Gilbert , with variant spellings, is also used as a surname (see Gilbert (surname) ). In England and Wales , Gilbert ranked 64th in popularity in 1904, 72nd in 1914 and 95th in 1924. By 1934 it had dropped out of
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#1732765634222216-508: The Top 100. Gilbert Cell It is a generalized case of an early circuit first used by Howard Jones in 1963, invented independently and greatly augmented by Barrie Gilbert in 1967. It is a specific example of "translinear" design, a current-mode approach to analog circuit design. The specific property of this cell is that the differential output current is a precise algebraic product of its two differential analog current inputs. There
234-442: The differential amplifiers. Simplified, the output current of an individual transistor is given by i c = g m v be . Its transconductance g m is (at T = 300 K ) about g m = 40 I C . Combining these equations gives i c = 40 I C v be,lo . However, I C here is given by v be,rf g m,rf . Hence i c = 40 v be,lo v be,rf g m,rf , which is a multiplication of v be,lo and v be,rf . Combining
252-441: The differential output current would now be proportional to the product of an arbitrary number of differential inputs (or some translinear function thereof). However, the utility of this generalization in practical microelectronics settings is limited due to the large voltage headroom needed to keep all of the transistors in the proper (forward-active) region of operation . However, in the cells later invented by Gilbert, shown in
270-429: The figure on the right, there are two additional diode-connected transistors (labeled as V1 and V2). This is a crucial difference because they generate the logarithm of the associated differential (X) input current so that the exponential characteristics of the following transistors result in an ideally perfect multiplication of these input currents with the remaining pair of (Y) currents. This additional diode cell topology
288-501: The title Gilbert . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gilbert&oldid=1172590337 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Gilbert (given name) Gilbert
306-430: The two different stages output currents yields four-quadrant operation. The Jones topology can be generalized by "stacking" any number of pairs of differential pairs (whose two differential inputs and two differential outputs are likewise connected out-of-phase and in-phase, respectively) on top of a conventional Jones cell, resulting in a circuit that retains the balanced nature of the Jones cell's operation. Specifically,
324-600: Was introduced to England by the Normans , where it was popular during the Middle Ages. That is the reason the pronunciation Gil- [gil] reflects the Northern Norman one [gil] , as opposed to Old French [dʒil] > French [ʒil] and explains the alternative spelling Guilbert with Guil- [gil] . Variant spellings have evolved throughout Europe, including
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