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79-533: The Grande Hotel Beira is an abandoned luxury hotel in Beira , Mozambique . It was opened in 1954 and operated until 1974, when it was closed due to lack of guests. The building was used as a military base during the Mozambican Civil War . It is currently home to over 3,500 squatters . In 1932, the urban plan of Ponta Gêa was designed by the architect brothers Rebelo de Andrade, and the plan included

158-629: A hotel with an Olympic swimming pool in a spot overlooking the Indian Ocean , the mouth of the Buzi River and the sea harbour of Beira. Architect José Porto of the Gabinete de Urbanização Colonial produced the original concept design for the hotel; and in 1953, the Companhia de Moçambique commissioned architect Francisco de Castro to develop the original design and the final detailing. At

237-1041: A Schleswig-Holstein licence. AWPs are governed by federal law – the Trade Regulation Act and the Gaming Ordinance. The Casino Estoril , located in the municipality of Cascais , on the Portuguese Riviera , near Lisbon , is the largest casino in Europe by capacity. During the World War II , it was reputed to be a gathering point for spies , dispossessed royals , and wartime adventurers; it became an inspiration for Ian Fleming 's James Bond 007 novel Casino Royale . There are four legal gaming zones in Russia: "Siberian Coin" (Altay), "Yantarnaya" (Kaliningrad region), "Azov-city" (Rostov region) and "Primorie" (Primorie region). Singapore

316-570: A fifth of the country's households had access to potable water and the situation for wastewater provision was even worse. This was a serious public health issue in an area where cholera, dysentery and other water-borne diseases are endemic. With the inauguration of the new water treatment plant at Mutua in May 2007, an important milestone was passed in Mozambique's ambitious drive towards improving its provision of potable water and sanitation. Doubling

395-922: A holiday destination for wealthy people, who already preferred the Bazaruto Archipelago at Vilanculos , the Mediterranean city life style of the Mozambican capital Lourenço Marques , the South African Krüger National Park and the Victoria Falls in Rhodesia . Business travelers stayed at the Ambassador Hotel, a less expensive alternative situated in the Baixa (downtown) area, where most of

474-559: A local river, it was renamed Beira to honour the Portuguese Crown prince Dom Luís Filipe (titled Prince of Beira , itself referring to the traditional Portuguese province of Beira ), who had visited Mozambique in the early 19th century. It was first developed by the Portuguese Mozambique Company in the 19th century, supplanting Sofala as the country's main port. It was then directly developed by

553-534: A pleasant albeit unidentifiable odor released by Las Vegas slot machines generated about 50% more in daily revenue. He suggested that the scent acted as an aphrodisiac, causing a more aggressive form of gambling. The following lists major casino markets in the world with casino revenue of over US$ 1 billion as published in PricewaterhouseCoopers 's report on the outlook for the global casino market: According to Bloomberg , accumulated revenue of

632-827: A rise in the number of casinos outside of Las Vegas and Atlantic City. In Vietnam , the term "casinos" encompasses gambling activities within the country . Unofficially defined, a "casino" typically denotes a well-established and professional gambling establishment that is generally lawful but exclusively caters to foreign players. On the other hand, "gambling houses" or "gambling dens" are smaller, illicit gambling venues. As of 2022, Vietnam has 9 operating casinos, including: Đồ Sơn casino (Hải Phòng), Lợi Lai casino, Hoàng Gia casino ( Quảng Ninh ), Hồng Vận casino ( Quảng Ninh ), Lào Cai casino ( Lào Cai ), Silver Shores casino (Đà Nẵng), Hồ Tràm casino (Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu), Nam Hội An casino (Quảng Nam), Phú Quốc casino in Kien Giang . In

711-547: A survey conducted by the Vietnamese Institute for Sustainable Regional Development and released on September 30, 2015, it was found that 71% of the respondents held the belief that allowing Vietnamese individuals to access casinos would result in an increase in the number of players. Furthermore, 47.4% of the participants expressed the view that engaging in rewarding recreational activities has a positive impact on job opportunities for residents. Additionally, 46.2% of

790-530: Is an up-and-coming destination for visitors wanting to gamble, although there are currently only two casinos (both foreign owned), in Singapore. The Marina Bay Sands is the second most expensive standalone casino in the world, at a price of US$ 6.8 billion, and is among the world's ten most expensive buildings . With currently over 1,000 casinos, the United States has the largest number of casinos in

869-554: Is based on real people and events; however, many of those events are contested by main character Semyon Dukach . Monte Carlo Casino has also been featured in multiple James Bond novels and films. The casino is mentioned in the song " The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo " as well as the film of the same name . Casinò di Campione is located in the tiny Italian enclave of Campione d'Italia , within Ticino , Switzerland. The casino

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948-696: Is filled with stories of entertainment based on games of chance. The first known European gambling house, not called a casino although meeting the modern definition, was the Ridotto , established in Venice , Italy, in 1638 by the Great Council of Venice to provide controlled gambling during the carnival season. It was closed in 1774 as the city government felt it was impoverishing the local gentry . In American history, early gambling establishments were known as saloons . The creation and importance of saloons

1027-750: Is home to Clube Ferroviário da Beira (basketball) . Beira has been twinned with Bristol, UK, since 1990 and the Bristol-Beira Link manages a range of projects in education, culture, commerce, and disability. Beira is twinned with: 19°50′S 34°51′E  /  19.833°S 34.850°E  / -19.833; 34.850 Casino A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling . Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels , resorts , restaurants , retail shops , cruise ships , and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertainment, such as stand-up comedy, concerts, and sports. Casino

1106-568: Is of Italian origin; the root casa means a house. The term casino may mean a small country villa , summerhouse , or social club . During the 19th century, casino came to include other public buildings where pleasurable activities took place; such edifices were usually built on the grounds of a larger Italian villa or palazzo , and were used to host civic town functions, including dancing, gambling, music listening, and sports. Examples in Italy include Villa Farnese and Villa Giulia , and in

1185-545: Is redeveloped and booming due to the transit of minerals to Asia. The Grande Hotel has deteriorated, however. With only 116 hotel rooms, it now provides shelter for a fluctuating population of around 1,077 inhabitants (Ivo 2008), with large families inhabiting a single room. They do not pay any rent and cannot claim a right of ownership. There is little formal maintenance of the collective space, resulting in accumulating garbage, leaking rain water, open elevator shafts and inaccessible stairs. The Olympic swimming pool, now polluted,

1264-606: Is the Catholic University of Mozambique which was established in 1996 by the Catholic church and affiliated with the International Federation of Catholic Universities (IFCU). This private university is locally known as Universidade Catolica de Mocambique (UCM) and has been officially recognized by Mozambique's Ministry of Education and Culture (or Ministério da Educação e Cultura) which oversees

1343-399: Is used as fuel for cooking. Most inhabitants find work only in the informal economic sector; they are, as implied by their nickname of 'whato muno' (not from here), excluded from the formal socio-economic life of Beira. As the city's formal economy grows, this puts pressure on the informal economy. It has become harder for Grande Hotel inhabitants to meet basic needs. The nickname 'whato muno'

1422-467: Is used for bathing by inhabitants who cannot afford to buy water at the privately owned water pump opposite the Grande Hotel. According to the local Red Cross , there is a high risk of cholera , diarrhoea , HIV/AIDS , malaria and scabies in the Grande Hotel. The water, sewer and electricity infrastructures have been removed and sold in order to obtain money for food and water. The parquet floor

1501-542: Is used in Beira as a derogatory term for the inhabitants of the Grande Hotel. The hotel is considered to be a place where robbers live and where the police do not have any authority. There was at one time an advanced three-layered chief structure which kept order, but this no longer exists. The local municipal secretary of the neighbourhood (who also lives in the Grande Hotel) is now seen as the unofficial chief, but without

1580-485: Is usually divided between a physical security force and a specialized surveillance department. The physical security force usually patrols the casino and responds to calls for assistance and reports of suspicious or definite criminal activity. A specialized surveillance department operates the casino's closed-circuit-television system, known in the industry as the eye in the sky . Both of these specialized casino security departments work very closely with each other to ensure

1659-541: Is where the Pungwe River meets the Indian Ocean . It is the fourth-largest city by population in Mozambique, after Maputo , Matola and Nampula . Beira had a population of 397,368 in 1997, which grew to 530,604 in 2019. A coastal city, it holds the regionally significant Port of Beira , which acts as a gateway for both the central interior portion of the country as well as the land-locked nations of Zimbabwe , Zambia and Malawi . Originally called Chiveve after

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1738-636: The American Mafia and in Macau by Triad syndicates . According to some police reports, local incidence of reported crime often doubles or triples within three years of a casino's opening. In a 2004 report by the US Department of Justice, researchers interviewed people who had been arrested in Las Vegas and Des Moines and found that the percentage of problem or pathological gamblers among

1817-617: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology , highlights the decision of the audio directors at Silicon Gaming to make its slot machines resonate in "the universally pleasant tone of C, sampling existing casino soundscapes to create a sound that would please but not clash". Alan Hirsch, founder of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago , studied the impact of certain scents on gamblers, discerning that

1896-552: The Mozambican Civil War broke out in the province of Sofala: Renamo vs Frelimo . The civil war was in part the extension of the global Cold War ; capitalism vs communism. Renamo was established by the Rhodesian Army and the South African Defence Force with the aim of destroying the communist Frelimo regime. Renamo launched guerrilla attacks at social and economic targets. The Grande Hotel, as

1975-600: The Sena and Ndau ) employed in administration, commerce, and industry. A large English-speaking population was the result of being a favourite holiday destination for white Rhodesians . One reminder of this is the Grande Hotel , built by the Portuguese, near the shore of the Indian Ocean . By 1970, the city of Beira had 113,770 inhabitants. After independence from Portugal in 1975, many white ethnic Portuguese left

2054-676: The Union of South Africa , and from Portugal or its colonies. The exterior of the Grande Hotel was done in the Art Deco style that was popular in Portugal during the Estado Novo era of the 1930s and 1940s. Art Deco's geometrical shapes and repetition represented modernity and a rejection of the neobaroque style of the previous era. As such, the exterior of the Grande Hotel had no ornamentation or intricate patterns. The interior, however,

2133-564: The places of worship , they are predominantly Christian churches and temples: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Beira ( Catholic Church ), Reformed Church in Mozambique , Igreja Presbiteriana de Moçambique (both World Communion of Reformed Churches ), Convenção Baptista de Moçambique ( Baptist World Alliance ), Universal Church of the Kingdom of God , Assemblies of God , Zion Christian Church , and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints . There are also Muslim mosques. The city

2212-539: The port of Beira is the second largest in Mozambique. The importance of the port was shown during the Mozambique Civil War, when Zimbabwean troops protected the Beira–Bulawayo railway and Beira to Mutare highway in order to continue trade. The railway to Zimbabwe was originally 610 mm ( 2 ft ) in 1890, but was converted to 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) in 1900. In 2008,

2291-609: The African colonies. Indeed, casinos in Lourenço Marques and Costa Bello were forced to close in the early 1930s. After twenty years, the Grande Hotel Beira was closed, deemed by the company to be unprofitable and too costly to keep open. The hotel had never made a profit in any year of its operation. The construction costs had come to three times the original budget. Anticipated wealthy guests never came, and

2370-645: The Frelimo political base in this area, became a Frelimo military base as well. With the fall of Ian Smith 's government in Rhodesia , the ZANU party came into power. They renamed the country Zimbabwe upon independence in April 1980, and Robert Mugabe became the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe , later becoming President . With this change, Zimbabwe needed to use the Beira corridor as its import/export route, since

2449-433: The Grande Hotel to host a casino . However, the building plans do not show any facilities that would suggest a casino. Francisco Ivo, an architect and former student of Francisco de Castro, claimed that De Castro told him that there was no intention to create a casino. The clients of the Grande Hotel had close associations with the Portuguese dictator Salazar, and Salazar thought it was morally inappropriate to have gambling in

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2528-429: The Mozambique transportation minister, Paulo Zucula , stated that the government is planning on modernizing the Beira and more northern Nacala ports for an estimated cost of $ 900m; $ 500m and 400m respectively. The government has also stated that it plans on modernizing surrounding railway and highway infrastructure so that the port is better connected to the nation's mines. There is also a ferry service in Beira, linking

2607-529: The Portuguese colonial government from 1947 until Mozambique gained its independence from Portugal in 1975. Beira is the second largest seaport for international cargo transportation to Mozambique after Maputo . In March 2019, the city was heavily damaged by Cyclone Idai , destroying up to 90% of the city. Beira is located on the Mozambique Channel , an arm of the Indian Ocean located between Madagascar and Mozambique . The city sits north of

2686-701: The US the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island . In modern-day Italian, a casino is a brothel (also called casa chiusa , literally "closed house"), a mess (confusing situation), or a noisy environment; a gaming house is spelt casinò , with an accent . Not all casinos are used for gaming. The Catalina Casino , on Santa Catalina Island, California , has never been used for traditional games of chance, which were already outlawed in California by

2765-435: The US's second largest gambling city. Most jurisdictions worldwide have a minimum gambling age of 18 to 21. Customers gamble by playing games of chance , in some cases with an element of skill, such as craps , roulette , baccarat , blackjack , and video poker . Most games have mathematically determined odds that ensure the house has at all times an advantage over the players. This can be expressed more precisely by

2844-453: The United States say that a player staking money won from the casino is "playing with the house's money". Video lottery machines ( slot machines ) have become one of the most popular forms of gambling in casinos. As of 2011 investigative reports have started calling into question whether the modern-day slot-machine is addictive. Factors influencing gambling tendencies include sound, odour and lighting. Natasha Dow Schüll, an anthropologist at

2923-676: The alternate routes ran through South Africa , which Zimbabwe now boycotted. In 1981, the Zimbabwe Defence Force established a neutral zone in Beira and its import/export corridor. As a result, the city became a haven for refugees seeking safety and access to international aid entering through the sea harbour and airport . The Grande Hotel became a refugee camp with most of the refugees coming from rural areas. The hotel survived Cyclone Idai in March 2019. Since 1992, Mozambique has enjoyed peace and stability. The seaport of Beira

3002-405: The arrestees was three to five times higher than in the general population. It has been said that economic studies showing a positive relationship between casinos and crime usually fail to consider the visiting population: they count crimes committed by visitors but do not count visitors in the population measure, which overstates the crime rate. Part of the reason this methodology is used, despite

3081-452: The biggest casino operator companies worldwide amounted to almost US$ 55 billion in 2011. SJM Holdings Ltd. was the leading company in this field, earning $ 9.7 bn in 2011, followed by Las Vegas Sands Corp. at $ 7.4 bn. The third-biggest casino operator company (based on revenue) was Caesars Entertainment , with revenue of US$ 6.2 bn. While there are casinos in many places, a few places have become well known specifically for gambling. Perhaps

3160-659: The business offices were located. Arthur Brandão, the chief officer of the Companhia, also owned the Ambassador. The Grande Hotel closed for business in 1963; it remained available for large events and conferences, although it was used only twice. The first time was to accommodate members of the United States Congress who were on a cruise along the East African coast. The second time was in 1971, for

3239-420: The capital of Southern Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe ), which was 550 km or 9 hours away by car. They could not afford the luxuries of the Grande Hotel, instead preferring beach holidays in the tourist district of Macuti, 8 km from the city centre. Although the Grande Hotel was only a 2 km walk from the city centre, swimming at the beach was forbidden. Several sources refer to proposals for

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3318-642: The cards they are holding in their hands visible at all times. Over the past few decades, casinos have developed many different marketing techniques for attracting and maintaining loyal patrons. Many casinos use a loyalty rewards program used to track players' spending habits and target their patrons more effectively, by sending mailings with free slot play and other promotions. Casino Helsinki in Helsinki , Finland, for example, donates all of its profits to charity. Casinos have been linked to organised crime , with early casinos in Las Vegas originally dominated by

3397-540: The city on March 14, 2019, with winds of up to 177 km/h (106 mph), and caused flooding up to six meters deep across Mozambique. Beira features a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw ). Average temperature in January is 27.6 °C (82 °F) and in July (the coldest month) it's 20.3 °C (69 °F). The rainy season runs roughly from November to April. Access to drinking water and sanitation in Mozambique

3476-620: The city to neighboring cities, including Nova Sofala and other coastal towns. Beira is served by an airport to the northeast of the city, with both domestic and international flights. The city has three public university campuses, namely the Zambeze University (with headquarters and rectory in the city), the Licungo University and the Higher Institute of Health Sciences. One of the major universities here

3555-459: The city. Mozambique was ravaged by a civil war from 1977 to 1992, opposing Marxist FRELIMO , which controlled the government, to the rebels of RENAMO , descending to near total chaos in a couple of years. The famine, disease and poverty-stricken country collapsed. In Beira, the famous Grande Hotel was occupied by around 1,000 homeless Beirans, and by the end of the civil war it was in near-ruins. The 2000 Mozambique flood devastated Beira and

3634-494: The city: the Portuguese Escudo became the only official currency, the government became dominated by the fascist Salazar regime, and the streetscape changed with the new Art Deco and Modern Movement architecture. The Grande Hotel became a symbol of the success of the Estado Novo in Beira, as it was intended to provide luxury accommodation for VIPS, business travelers, and wealthy tourists from Southern Rhodesia ,

3713-408: The construction of a new railway station was completed. Before Mozambique's independence from Portugal, as a city of Portuguese Mozambique , Beira was noted for its well-equipped seaport , one of the major facilities of its kind in all East Africa , tourism , fishing and trade . The city prospered as a cosmopolitan port with different ethnic communities (Portuguese, Indian, Chinese, Bantus such as

3792-590: The construction of a number of new system elements to extend and upgrade the sewers, wastewater treatment facilities and a drainage system. The new water plant cost €5.6m, while the Beira sanitation system cost €62.65m, with the EU providing €52.95m, and the remaining €9.7m provided by the Mozambique Government. Beira has long been a major trade point for exports coming in and out of Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia and other Southern African nations. Because of this,

3871-572: The event. The swimming pool remained open to the public and, as it was the only Olympic-size swimming pool in the colony at that time, it became the main training facility for the Mozambican Olympic swimming team. On 25 June 1975, Mozambique gained independence as a result of Portugal's nonviolent Carnation Revolution the previous year; the Mozambique Liberation Front, later known as Frelimo , assumed power. On

3950-530: The fascist Portuguese dictator, Salazar . Arthur Brandão was the chief officer of the Companhia and also held a prominent position within the Salazar regime. Although Beira was a Portuguese colony , it had been heavily influenced culturally by Britain due to the neighbouring British colony of Southern Rhodesia 's use of its sea harbour. The Portuguese Estado Novo and the ending of the Companhia concession gave rise to increased Portuguese influence throughout

4029-411: The first day of independence, the Grande Hotel hosted the first wedding in Beira under the new regime. Later, the bar at the swimming pool became the office of Frelimo's Revolutionary Committee, which was responsible for establishing socialism in Beira and the province of Sofala . While the main hall of the Grande Hotel was used for party meetings and events, the basement became a prison for opponents of

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4108-574: The historic casino located at the princely residence of Dragonara . Dragonara Palace was built in 1870. Its name comes from the Dragonara Point, the peninsula where it is built. On 15 July 1964, the palace opened as a casino. The former Portuguese colony of Macau , a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China since 1999, is a popular destination for visitors who wish to gamble. This started in Portuguese times, when Macau

4187-403: The imposition of taxes, or obtaining of other revenue. In 2007, the casino moved into new premises of more than 55,000 square metres (590,000 sq ft), making it the largest casino in Europe. The new casino was built alongside the old one, which dated from 1933 and has since been demolished. The archipelago of Malta is a particularly famous place for casinos, standing out mainly with

4266-438: The largest concentration of casinos in the United States. Based on revenue, Atlantic City, New Jersey , ranks second, and the Chicago region third. Top American casino markets by revenue (2022 annual revenues): The Nevada Gaming Control Board divides Clark County , which is coextensive with the Las Vegas metropolitan area, into seven market regions for reporting purposes. Native American gaming has been responsible for

4345-558: The main port in the Portuguese-administered territory. Originally called Chiveve, after a local river, it was renamed to honor the Portuguese Crown prince Dom Luís Filipe who, in 1907, was the first member of the Portuguese royal family to visit Mozambique. Traditionally the Portuguese Crown prince carried the title of Prince of Beira , a historical province of mainland Portugal . The Portuguese built

4424-568: The mouth of the convergence of two major rivers of Mozambique: the Buzi River and the Pungwe River . The Buzi crosses 250 kilometres (160 mi) across Manica and Sofala provinces to form a wide estuary . The Pungwe crosses 400 kilometres (250 mi) from the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe also through Manica and Sofala provinces to Beira. The city was established in 1890 by the Portuguese and soon supplanted Sofala as

4503-511: The new government. In 1978, the communist Frelimo government assumed ownership of private land, a move that resulted in the exodus of the remaining Mozambican-Portuguese community that had dominated the local economy. However, the Grande Hotel was one of the exceptions, and its land and the building remain the property of the Portuguese Grupo Entreposto SA, the continuation of the Companhia de Moçambique . In 1977,

4582-405: The notion of expected value , which is uniformly negative (from the player's perspective). This advantage is called the house edge . In games such as poker where players play against each other, the house takes a commission called the rake . Casinos sometimes give out complimentary items or comps to gamblers. Payout is the percentage of funds ("winnings") returned to players. Casinos in

4661-497: The overall education system. A second major university is the Jean Piaget University of Mozambique, locally termed da Universidade Jean Piaget de Moçambique(UNIPIAGET). This Portugal based University was founded in 2004 by Instituto Piaget , a non-profit cooperative, and is just one of seven campuses established across the globe. There is a Portuguese international school, Escola Portuguesa da Beira. Among

4740-450: The overstatement, is that reliable data on tourist count are often not available. Casinos are subject to specific regulations for worker safety, as casino employees are both at greater risk for cancers resulting from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke and musculoskeletal injuries from repetitive motions while running table games over many hours. These are not the extent of the hazards casino workers may be exposed to, but every location

4819-425: The place almost defined by its casino is Monte Carlo, but other places are known as gambling centers. Monte Carlo Casino , located in Monte Carlo city, in Monaco , is a casino and a tourist attraction. Monte Carlo Casino has been depicted in many books, including Ben Mezrich 's Busting Vegas , where a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology students beat the casino out of nearly $ 1 million. This book

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4898-440: The port and a railway to Rhodesia , Portuguese families settled in the newly founded locality and started to develop commercial activities. With the growth of the village, in 1907 the Portuguese Crown elevated Beira to the status of city ( cidade ). Headquarters of the Companhia de Moçambique ( Mozambique Company ) from 1891, the city's administration passed from the trading company to the Portuguese government in 1942. In 1966,

4977-412: The power that a chief would normally have in a Mozambique community. These days, there are only two common rules of the Grande Hotel: Respect one another. And, the Grande Hotel is open to anybody who wants shelter. The hotel and its squatters are the subject of the 2007 documentary film Night Lodgers . The local municipal authority would like to relocate the current inhabitants, providing housing in

5056-420: The respondents believed that such activities contribute positively to Vietnam's ability to attract investments. Given the large amounts of currency handled within a casino, both patrons and staff may be tempted to cheat and steal, in collusion or independently; most casinos have security measures to prevent this. Security cameras located throughout the casino are the most basic measure. Modern casino security

5135-596: The safety of both guests and the casino's assets, and have been quite successful in preventing crime. Some casinos also have catwalks in the ceiling above the casino floor, which allow surveillance personnel to look directly down, through one way glass, on the activities at the tables and slot machines. When it opened in 1989, The Mirage was the first casino to use cameras full-time on all table games. In addition to cameras and other technological measures, casinos also enforce security through rules of conduct and behavior; for example, players at card games are required to keep

5214-527: The slum of Chipangara, and then demolish the structure and develop the land for commercial uses. However, the municipal authority is not the legal owner; neither does it have the funds nor the investors currently willing to participate in this project. Meanwhile, new residents keep coming, and many people remain trapped in the Grande Hotel by poverty, some of them third generation inhabitants. Architecture: Film: Photography: Articles: By Amy Fallon and Mark Tutton in 2011. Beira, Mozambique Beira

5293-414: The staff necessary to maintain and operate a luxury hotel was too large for the number of guests actually served. Every lift , for example, had a personal operator . In several documents it was claimed that the reason for closure was the refusal of the regime to grant the hotel a casino permit. However, the white residents of Southern Africa could not afford this level of luxury, and Beira was not known as

5372-445: The supply of water to the cities of Beira and Dondo, the plant was opened by the country's President Armando Emílio Guebuza the day after he formally launched the next stage of the project to deal with Beira's sewage. Construction of the Beira treatment plant was carried out during a period of 30 months and was completed in June 2012. This latest part of the scheme consists of rehabilitating the existing sanitation network, together with

5451-421: The surrounding region, leaving millions homeless and severely damaging the local economy. During the campaign for the local elections in 2013, which culminated in the victory of the Democratic Movement of Mozambique (MDM) in the municipality, the Munhava district was the scene of violent clashes between police and supporters of the MDM. In 2019, Cyclone Idai caused extreme devastation in Beira. It struck

5530-469: The swimming pool, and they recalled the Grande Hotel as a palace of unlimited luxury where one could eat the finest chocolate. Hollywood star Kim Novak stayed there when she came to hunt in the nearby Gorongosa National Park . Still, the expected clientele—wealthy tourists and business travelers—never materialised. Although Beira was a popular holiday destination, its tourists were primarily white middle-income families from Salisbury (now called Harare ),

5609-563: The time it was built. The Copenhagen Casino was a Danish theatre which also held public meetings during the 1848 Revolution , which made Denmark a constitutional monarchy . In military and non-military usage, a casino (Spanish) or Kasino (German) is an officers' mess . The precise origin of gambling is unknown. It is generally believed that gambling in some form or another has been seen in almost every society in history. From Ancient Mesopotamia , Greeks and Romans to Napoleon's France and Elizabethan England , much of history

5688-402: The time, the Companhia de Moçambique had the concession to exploit the area now known as the provinces of Manica and Sofala. When the concession ended in 1942, the Companhia still owned local businesses and continued to dominate the local economy. One of its directors was Antonio Arantes e Oliveira, who was a brother of the future Governor-General of Mozambique and who had a close connection with

5767-499: The wedding of Petusha Jardim, daughter of Jorge Jardim, then Minister of State of Mozambique and Governor-General of Mozambique , a very senior-ranking official within the Estado Novo . Traditionally, Portuguese weddings involved a large number of guests, and this wedding was attended by VIPs from all over the Estado Novo and the neighbouring 'White Laager' countries. The Grande Hotel was the only place large enough to accommodate

5846-443: The world. The number continues to grow steadily as more states seek to legalize casinos. 40 states now have some form of casino gambling. Interstate competition, such as gaining tourism, has been a driving factor to continuous legalization. Relatively small places such as Las Vegas are best known for gambling; larger cities such as Chicago are not defined by their casinos in spite of the large turnover. The Las Vegas Valley has

5925-485: Was done in an eclectic style and with the use of modern materials in a manner unusual in Beira at that time and even seldom used in other works of the architect, Francisco de Castro. De Castro also designed the famous CFM train station in Beira. In 1955, the Grande Hotel opened in an event officiated by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Beira , Sebastião Soares de Resende. White residents of Beira could use

6004-519: Was founded in 1917 as a site to gather information from foreign diplomats during the First World War. Today it is owned by the Italian government, and operated by the municipality. With gambling laws being less strict than in Italy and Switzerland, it is among the most popular gambling destination besides Monte Carlo. The income from the casino is sufficient for the operation of Campione without

6083-541: Was greatly influenced by four major cities: New Orleans , St. Louis , Chicago and San Francisco . It was in the saloons that travelers could find people to talk to, drink with, and often gamble with. During the early 20th century in the US, gambling was outlawed by state legislation. However, in 1931, gambling was legalized throughout the state of Nevada , where the US's first legalized casinos were set up. In 1976 New Jersey allowed gambling in Atlantic City , now

6162-578: Was historically a major problem, alike many of the sub-Saharan African nations. It has been estimated that in developing countries, around 80% of all disease arises as a direct result of inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene, and contaminated water. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, each day around six thousand people die from diseases caused by poor sanitation, while another 300 million Africans have no access to clean water. For Mozambique in 1992, around

6241-443: Was popular with visitors from nearby Hong Kong , where gambling was more closely regulated. The Venetian Macao is currently the largest casino in the world. Macau also surpassed Las Vegas as the largest gambling market in the world. Machine-based gaming is only permitted in land-based casinos, restaurants, bars and gaming halls, and only subject to a licence. Online slots are, at the moment, only permitted if they are operated under

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