73-727: The Grinnell Aeroplane Company was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Grinnell, Iowa , that built aircraft prior to World War I. The company was formed to develop the "Scout" aircraft designed by Billy Robinson . Robinson trained at the Max Lille school in Cicero, Chicago as a mechanic, learning to fly Wright aircraft and Nieuports. He worked for a brief time as a partner in the National Aeroplane Company before leaving to Iowa in 1913. His custom built parasol
146-615: A diamond near The Peppertree at the Depot Crossing, a railroad-themed restaurant. The Union Pacific line sees 3 trains per day while the IAIS line sees about 2 trains per day. The Grinnell Regional Airport , also known as Billy Robinson Field, is a city-owned airport located within city limits about 2 miles south of the town center. The airport provides private and charter flights, and saw an average of 114 aircraft operations per week during 2019. The Imagine Grinnell Foundation
219-650: A contest for community development by the Grinnell Herald Register in 1950. Four women's groups—two chapters of the DAR, the Historical and Literary Club, and the Tuesday Club, took as their project the creation of a museum. People responded enthusiastically; donations included a rope bed, a hair wreath, and the twisted bell clapper from the ruins of the first High School, which had burned. The house
292-444: A falling leaf, and gliding to a landing, which was controlled enough to leave skid marks, but rough enough to rupture the fuel tank and ignite the aircraft. Hypoxia was suspected among other reasons for the crash, but the fire made it impossible to verify the exact cause. After the crash Grinnell hired aerobatic pilot A.C. Beech. Beech was to train students using ground trainers to simulate control movements. Business did not pick up after
365-634: A large group of people, and the much longer duration of the trip than anticipated earlier all contributed to the difficulties they endured. The initial party reached the Missouri River on June 14. It was apparent that the Latter-day Saints could not make it to the Great Basin that season and would have to winter on the Missouri River. Some of the emigrants established a settlement called Kanesville (present-day Council Bluffs) on
438-665: A semi-weekly newspaper in Grinnell, Iowa. It was formed on February 13, 1936, after the merger of the Grinnell Herald and Grinnell Register. The Herald was founded on August 16, 1871, as a semi-weekly newspaper, and the Register was founded in 1888. The Grinnell Herald, in turn, was founded as the Poweshiek County Herald on March 18, 1868. The Poweshiek County Chronicle Republican – often referred to as
511-861: Is a small, grassroots foundation that focuses on quality-of-life issues, such as a healthy and sustainable environment, that complement economic efforts. The Claude & Dolly Ahrens Foundation provides space and office support for the Greater Poweshiek Community Foundation, the Imagine Grinnell Foundation, and other foundations that are sheltered under the Greater Poweshiek Community Foundation umbrella. The Ahrens Foundation focuses on quality of life, health, and parks and recreation through overseeing its own property and collaborating with partner institutions. The Greater Poweshiek Community Foundation serves as an umbrella organization for smaller nonprofits in
584-536: Is a weekend family sports festival. Community-organized events include Imagine Grinnell's Half Marathon and 5K Run, the Twilight Bike Criterium , The Amazing Chase, Twilight Trail Run, and the Warrior Run. Grinnell Games draws visitors from across the state with its family-friendly activities, sidewalk sales, live music, and a beer garden on Saturday night. The Grinnell Herald-Register is
657-593: Is actively working to create a digital archive of local history and make archived photos and documents available on their website. A wide range of photos and documents are available for viewing as part of Digital Grinnell and the Poweshiek History Preservation Project. Area residents can also use the Grinnell College Libraries. In 1901, Joel Stewart funded the construction of the first library in Grinnell,
730-472: Is home to Grinnell College , a private liberal arts college . Iowa Valley Community College also operates a satellite campus on the western edge of Grinnell. In 2019, the local hospital became a part of the Unity Point Hospital system. Unity Point Grinnell, formerly known as Grinnell Regional Medical Center , is an acute care hospital licensed for 81 beds. GRMC was established in 1967 after
803-553: Is home to two growing retirement communities, the Mayflower community in the middle of town and Seeland Park on the eastern edge. Both communities include housing options for independent living, including duplexes and apartments, and also assisted living accommodations. Grinnell has several notable architectural landmarks: Among them, includes the Merchants' National Bank , designed by architect Louis Sullivan in 1914. The bank
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#1732798294400876-657: Is one in a series of small banks, referred to as "Jewel Boxes" designed by Sullivan in the Midwest . The Ricker House was designed by Walter Burley Griffin Marion Mahony Griffin in 1911 and completed in 1912. It was the first of seven houses the Griffins designed for Iowa clients, six of which were built and the other five of which are in Mason City. Ricker House was purchased by Grinnell College in 2000 and
949-441: Is operated as a short-term residence for guests of the college for several years. The house was sold in 2019 and became a private residence. Grinnell Farmers Market features locally grown produce, freshly baked goods, honey, jams, plants and flowers, and handmade crafts. The market runs from May 16 through October 14 on Thursday and Saturdays. It is located in Grinnell's Central Park, located at 833 4th Avenue. Grinnell Games
1022-641: Is privately run by the Claude & Dolly Ahrens Foundation. The city boasts three aquatic centers. A small indoor pool is part of the Ahrens Family Center. The Grinnell Mutual Family Aquatic Center is open during the summer months. Area residents also have access to the College Natatoriaum Grinnell and other college athletic facilities. Grinnell Historical Museum was founded as a community collaborative effort through
1095-516: The Missouri River in approximately four to six weeks. However, the actual trip across Iowa was slowed by rain, mud, swollen rivers, and poor preparation, and it required 16 weeks – nearly three times longer than planned. Heavy rains turned the rolling plains of southern Iowa into a quagmire of axle-deep mud. Furthermore, few people carried adequate provisions for the trip. The weather, general unpreparedness, lack of experience in moving such
1168-847: The Poweshiek County CR or simply The CR – was created in January 2009 as the result of a merger of two newspapers serving other communities in Poweshiek County, the Brooklyn Chronicle and the Montezuma Republican ; the Pennysaver, a shopper that had operated in Grinnell, continued, and the new newspaper began incorporating Grinnell news along with its existing coverage of rural Poweshiek County and its communities. The first school in Grinnell
1241-513: The Quorum of the Twelve , three women, and two children. The train contained 73 wagons, draft animals, and livestock, and carried enough supplies to provision the group for one year. On April 5, the wagon train moved west from Winter Quarters toward the Great Basin. The journey from Winter Quarters to Fort Laramie took six weeks; the company arrived at the fort on June 1. While at Fort Laramie,
1314-560: The Rocky Mountains , evaluate trail conditions, find sources of water, and select a central gathering point in the Great Basin. A new route on the north side of the Platte and North Platte rivers was chosen to avoid potential conflicts over grazing rights, water access, and campsites with travelers using the established Oregon Trail on the river's south side. The Quincy Convention of October 1845 passed resolutions demanding that
1387-596: The Salt Lake Valley on July 21. The main party entered the valley on July 22, camping that night near the modern-day First Encampment Park . On July 23, Pratt offered a prayer dedicating the land to the Lord. Ground was broken, irrigation ditches were dug, and the first fields of potatoes and turnips were planted. On July 24, Young first saw the valley from a "sick" wagon driven by his friend Wilford Woodruff . According to Woodruff, Young expressed his satisfaction in
1460-884: The Stewart Gallery and features works of local and regional artists. The gallery space includes high ceilings and nice light. The GAAC also includes the Loft Theater and is home to the Grinnell Community Theater. In 2008, the GAAC expanded to space across the street and opened The Stew Makerspace . The Stew Makerspace is a collaboration between the Grinnell Area Arts Council and the Wilson Center for Innovation and Leadership at Grinnell College. Located at 927 Broad Street,
1533-714: The Stewart Library , which served in that capacity until 2009. The building remains in service today as the headquarters for the Grinnell Area Arts Council. The library also has many eco-friendly structures like clerestory for natural light, flooring and furniture made from recycled materials, water-saving fixtures, permeable pavers, and native landscaping. Grinnell has nine parks that are run by Parks and Recreations, including Arbor Lake, Bailey Park, Central Park, Jaycee Park, Lions Park, Merrill Park, Miller Park, Thomazin Park, and Van Horn Park. Ahrens and Paschall Memorial Park
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#17327982944001606-561: The Willie and Martin Companies , respectively, had serious problems. The companies left Iowa City, Iowa , in July 1856, very late to begin the trip across the plains. They met severe winter weather west of present-day Casper, Wyoming , and continued to cope with deep snow and storms for the remainder of the journey. Food supplies were soon exhausted. Young organized a rescue effort that brought
1679-537: The census of 2020, there were 9,564 people, 3,724 households, and 1,991 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,681.1 inhabitants per square mile (649.1/km ). There were 4,039 housing units at an average density of 709.9 per square mile (274.1/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 88.5% White , 3.3% Black or African American , 0.3% Native American , 2.2% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 1.2% from other races and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino persons of any race comprised 3.7% of
1752-524: The "extermination" of all Mormons in Missouri. Latter-day Saints were finally forced to abandon Nauvoo in 1846. Although the movement had split into several denominations after Smith's death in 1844, most members aligned themselves with Brigham Young . Under Young's leadership, about 14,000 Mormon citizens of Nauvoo set out to find a new home in the West. Following the succession crisis , Young insisted
1825-924: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ) traveled from 1846–47. Today, the Mormon Trail is a part of the United States National Trails System , known as the Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail . The Mormon Trail extends from Nauvoo, Illinois , which was the principal settlement of the Latter Day Saints from 1839 to 1846, to Salt Lake City, Utah , which was settled by Brigham Young and his followers beginning in 1847. From Council Bluffs, Iowa to Fort Bridger in Wyoming,
1898-585: The Dodge Tool company is currently on display at Grinnell College . Grinnell, Iowa Grinnell ( / ɡ r ɪ ˈ n ɛ l / grin- EL ) is a city in Poweshiek County, Iowa , United States. The population was 9,564 at the time of the 2020 census . It is best known for being the home of Grinnell College , as well as being the location of the Merchants' National Bank building, designed by famous architect Louis Sullivan . Grinnell
1971-654: The Grinnell Biplane. In 1916, the company offered $ 10,000, training for one pilot from each state, at its factory in order to establish an Iowa station of the Aero Coast Patrol System, a Navy sponsored effort at a coast guard. Robinson died in May 1916 attempting to break a 17,000 ft altitude record, crashing in Ewart, Iowa. His aircraft was witnessed climbing to altitude, before drifting down like
2044-500: The Grinnell area and helps with their financial management. Mid Iowa Community Action is a private nonprofit that seeks to help those affected by poverty. The Grinnell Area Arts Council encourages artistic expression at the Grinnell Art Center and throughout the community. Mormon Trail The Mormon Trail is the 1,300-mile (2,100 km) long route from Illinois to Utah on which Mormon pioneers (members of
2117-478: The Iowa side of the river. Others moved across the river into the area of present-day Omaha, Nebraska , and built a camp called Winter Quarters . In April 1847, chosen members of the vanguard company gathered, final supplies were packed, and the group was organized into 14 military companies. A militia and night guard were formed. The company consisted of 143 men, including three african americans and eight members of
2190-540: The Latter-day Saints withdraw from Nauvoo by May 1846. A few days later, the Carthage Convention called for establishment of a militia that would force them out if they failed to meet the May deadline. To try to meet this deadline and to get an early start on the trek to the Great Basin, the Latter-day Saints began leaving Nauvoo in February 1846. The departure from Nauvoo began on February 4, 1846, under
2263-595: The Mormons should settle in a place no one else wanted and felt the isolated Great Basin would provide the Saints with many advantages. Young reviewed information on the Great Salt Lake Valley and the Great Basin, consulted with mountain men and trappers, and met with Father Pierre-Jean De Smet , a Jesuit missionary familiar with the region. Young also organized a vanguard company to break trail to
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2336-740: The Stew houses spaces for ceramics, woodworking, 3D printing, metal working, laser engraving, and much more. The Faulconer Gallery (now called the Grinnell College Museum of Art) on the Grinnell College campus features year-round exhibits of regional, national and international artists. The space is inside the Bucksbaum Center for the Arts. Grinnell is served by two freight-only railroad lines: The two lines meet in
2409-540: The appearance of the valley and declared, "This is the right place, drive on." In August 1847, Young and selected members of the vanguard company returned to Winter Quarters to organize the companies scheduled for following years. By December 1847, more than 2,000 Mormons had completed the journey to the Salt Lake Valley, then in Mexican territory. Farming the uncultivated land was initially difficult, as
2482-404: The average family size was 2.84. In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 19.9% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.7 males. The median income for a household in the city
2555-412: The carts were three to four feet (91 to 122 cm) long and eight inches (20 cm) high. They could carry about 500 pounds (227 kg), most of this weight consisting of trail provisions and a few personal possessions. All but two of the handcart companies successfully completed the rugged journey, with relatively few problems and only a few deaths. However, the fourth and fifth companies, known as
2628-494: The church inaugurated a system of handcart companies in order to enable poor European emigrants to make the trek more cheaply. Handcarts, two-wheeled carts that were pulled by emigrants instead of draft animals, were sometimes used as an alternate means of transportation from 1856 to 1860. They were seen as a faster, easier, and cheaper way to bring European converts to Salt Lake City. Almost 3,000 Mormons, with 653 carts and 50 supply wagons, traveling in 10 different companies , made
2701-464: The city has a total area of 5.64 square miles (14.61 km ), of which 5.60 square miles (14.50 km ) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km ) is water. Grinnell has a humid continental climate with hot humid summers, and cold snowy winters. The precipitation averages 38.19 in (970 mm) yearly. Summers are the rainiest times of year, with over two thirds of the precipitation falling between April and September in an average year. As of
2774-421: The city. The population density was 1,646.1 inhabitants per square mile (635.6/km ). There were 3,844 housing units at an average density of 686.4 per square mile (265.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 91.9% White , 2.0% African American , 0.3% Native American , 2.7% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 0.8% from other races , and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.2% of
2847-427: The city. The population density was 1,825.7 inhabitants per square mile (704.9/km ). There were 3,725 housing units at an average density of 746.9 per square mile (288.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 94.88% White , 1.04% African American , 0.29% Native American , 2.01% Asian , 0.10% Pacific Islander , 0.37% from other races , and 1.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.57% of
2920-506: The college campus and much of the community with a death toll of 68, causing up to $ 1.3 million in total damages (in 1882 USD). In June 1889, fire destroyed most of the downtown area. Grinnell was home to the Spaulding Manufacturing Company . H. W. Spaulding began making carriages and spring wagons in Grinnell in 1876. In 1909, Spaulding Manufacturing added automobiles to its production line. At one time,
2993-401: The companies in, but more than 210 of the 980 emigrants in the two parties died. The handcart companies continued with more success until 1860, and traditional ox-and-wagon companies also continued for those who could afford the higher cost. After 1860, the church began sending wagon companies east each spring, to return to Utah in the summer with the emigrating Latter-day Saints. Finally, with
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3066-412: The country. Some later companies used handcarts and traveled by foot. William Clayton , a member of the vanguard company, published the popular The Latter-Day Saints' Emigrants' Guide to help guide travelers on the way. By 1849, many of the Latter-day Saints who remained in Iowa or Missouri were poor and unable to afford the costs of the wagon, teams of oxen, and supplies that would be required for
3139-560: The emigrants increasingly included converts from the British Isles and Europe. The trail was used for more than 20 years, until the completion of the first transcontinental railroad in 1869. Among the emigrants were the Mormon handcart pioneers of 1856–60. Two of the handcart companies, led by James G. Willie and Edward Martin, met disaster on the trail when they departed late and were caught by heavy snowstorms in Wyoming. Under
3212-612: The factory was the largest employer in the county. Automobile production ceased at the Spaulding factory in 1916 when it could no longer compete with the cheaper Ford automobile. The Spaulding factory site became home to the Spaulding Center for Transportation/Iowa Transportation Museum, as well as a 77 unit loft apartment complex which opened in 2017. According to the United States Census Bureau ,
3285-623: The feasibility of viable settlements in the mountain valleys of the Great Basin. The company pushed on through South Pass, rafted across the Green River , and arrived at Fort Bridger on July 7. About the same time, they were joined by 12 more members of the sick detachment of the Mormon Battalion. Now facing a more rugged and hazardous trek, Young chose to follow the trail used by the Donner–Reed party on their journey to California
3358-492: The first route; from Nauvoo, Illinois , to Salt Lake City . A stone marker memorializes the Mormon Handcart Trail and the grave of a child who died along the trail near Grinnell. Grinnell is home to Grinnell College , a private liberal arts college, which was established in 1846. Two major events marked the early years of the community. On June 17, 1882, a violent, estimated, F5 tornado destroyed most of
3431-686: The leadership of Joseph Smith , Latter Day Saints established several communities throughout the United States between 1830 and 1844, most notably in Kirtland, Ohio ; Independence, Missouri ; and Nauvoo, Illinois. However, the Saints were driven out of each of these settlements in turn, due to conflicts with other settlers (see history of the Latter Day Saint movement ). This included the actions of Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs , who issued Missouri Executive Order 44 , which called for
3504-539: The leadership of Brigham Young. This early departure exposed them to the elements in the worst of winter. After crossing the Mississippi River , the journey across Iowa Territory followed primitive territorial roads and Native American trails. Young originally planned to lead an express company of about 300 men to the Great Basin during the summer of 1846. He believed they could cross Iowa and reach
3577-411: The loss of Robinson. The Robinson engine was tested by the Army in late 1918, but the armistice signing precluded further development. The company was dissolved by 1918. In the summer of 1916, Otto Timm developed his own Robinson-powered biplane at Grinnell with oversize ailerons for aerobatic demonstration flights. Timm would later found the O.W. Timm Aircraft Company . A Robinson radial engine built by
3650-430: The merger of two hospitals, one step in a century of providers joining to serve the community. Nearly 60 physicians provide care at the medical center. Drake Community Library opened in November 2009. The library serves as a center of community activities. It has 25 public computers, 3 large meetings rooms, two small study rooms, a variety of seating areas and offers a full range of reading and AV materials. The library
3723-522: The museum is currently situated in was generously donated by Rubie Burton. Displays are of interest to visitors of all ages. The kitchen holds an electric refrigerator made by the Grinnell Washing Machine Company, one of the first 50 made in 1932. There is a Military exhibit with uniforms from the Civil War to the Vietnam war. The Carriage House holds several horse-drawn vehicles built by the Spaulding Carriage Factory in Grinnell. The Grinnell Area Arts Council (GAAC) building, formerly Stewart Library, includes
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#17327982944003796-450: The population. Of the 3,724 households, 23.4% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 6.3% were cohabitating couples, 34.1% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 20.2% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 46.5% of all households were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, 18.2% had someone living alone who
3869-409: The population. There were 3,498 households, out of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.9% were non-families. Of all households, 34.7% were made up of individuals, and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and
3942-442: The population. There were 3,567 households, of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.2% were non-families. Of all households 36.8% were made up of individuals, and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
4015-439: The previous year. As the vanguard company traveled through the rugged mountains, they divided into three sections. Young and several other members of the party suffered from a fever, generally accepted as a "mountain fever" induced by wood ticks. The small sick detachment lagged behind the larger group, and a scouting division was created to move farther ahead on the designated route. Scouts Erastus Snow and Orson Pratt entered
4088-421: The shares broke when they tried to plow the dry ground. Therefore, an irrigation system was designed and the land was flooded before plowing, and the resulting system provided supplemental moisture during the year. Salt Lake City was laid out and designated as Church headquarters. Hard work produced a prosperous community. In their new settlement, entertainment was also important, and the first public building
4161-583: The southern section of the downtown area, to include Commercial Street. Downtown street improvements have continued, and as of 2016, nearly all downtown streets have been redone. Improvements have been made to many business facades. Central Park underwent a major makeover during the summer of 2016, relocating the gazebo and adding a bandstand, public restrooms, and a large group picnic enclosure. In September 2017, Grinnell's first independently owned, boutique hotel (Hotel Grinnell) opened downtown across from Central Park giving visitors luxury accommodations. Grinnell
4234-462: The spring of 2005, Grinnell embarked upon a renovation project to make its downtown area more inviting. It encompassed new water mains , restoration of two-way traffic flow, brick crosswalks in the middle of each block, and more uniform parking spaces in front of downtown businesses. A median strip at each intersection was designed with Grinnell's distinctive Jewel Box pattern. Infrastructure upgrades and aesthetic renovations were also planned for
4307-456: The trail broken by the vanguard company, splitting the journey into two sections. The first segment began in Nauvoo and ended in Winter Quarters , near modern-day Omaha, Nebraska . The second half of the journey took the Saints through the area that later became Nebraska and Wyoming , before finishing their journey in the Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah . The earlier groups used covered wagons pulled by oxen to carry their supplies across
4380-468: The trail follows much the same route as the Oregon Trail and the California Trail ; these trails are collectively known as the Emigrant Trail . The Mormon pioneer run began in 1846, when Young and his followers were driven from Nauvoo . After leaving, they aimed to establish a new home for the church in the Great Basin and crossed Iowa. Along their way, some were assigned to establish settlements and to plant and harvest crops for later emigrants. During
4453-414: The trip over the trail to Salt Lake City. While not the first to use handcarts, they were the only group to use them extensively. The handcarts were modeled after carts used by street sweepers and were made almost entirely of wood. They were generally six to seven feet (183 to 213 cm) long, wide enough to span a narrow wagon track, and could be alternately pushed or pulled. The small boxes affixed to
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#17327982944004526-439: The trip. Therefore, the LDS Church established a revolving fund , known as the Perpetual Emigration Fund , to enable the poor to emigrate. By 1852, most of the Latter-day Saints from Nauvoo who wished to emigrate had done so, and the church abandoned its settlements in Iowa. However, many church members from the eastern states and from Europe continued to emigrate to Utah, often assisted by the Perpetual Emigration Fund. In 1856,
4599-419: The vanguard company was joined by members of the Mormon Battalion , who had been excused due to illness and sent to winter in Pueblo, Colorado , and a group of Church members from Mississippi. At this point, the now larger company took the established Oregon Trail toward the trading post at Fort Bridger . Young met mountain man Jim Bridger on June 28. They discussed routes into the Salt Lake Valley and
4672-486: The winter of 1846–47, the emigrants wintered in Iowa, other nearby states, and the unorganized territory that later became Nebraska, with the largest group residing in Winter Quarters, Nebraska . In the spring of 1847, Young led the vanguard company to the Salt Lake Valley , which was then outside the boundaries of the United States and later became Utah . During the first few years, the emigrants were mostly former occupants of Nauvoo who were following Young to Utah. Later,
4745-505: Was $ 35,625, and the median income for a family was $ 48,991. Males had a median income of $ 33,956 versus $ 23,864 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,939. About 8.9% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over. In addition to Grinnell College, other major employers include Grinnell Mutual Reinsurance Company , Grinnell Regional Medical Center , JELD-WEN and Brownell's . In
4818-437: Was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.82. The median age in the city was 35.6 years. 19% of residents were under the age of 18; 21.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.4% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 19.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,105 people, 3,498 households, and 2,067 families residing in
4891-425: Was 65 years old or older. The median age in the city was 35.5 years. 25.1% of the residents were under the age of 20; 14.6% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 19.3% were from 25 and 44; 20.4% were from 45 and 64; and 20.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female. As of the census of 2010, there were 9,218 people, 3,567 households, and 2,026 families residing in
4964-409: Was a theater. It did not take long, however, until the United States caught up with them, and in 1848, after the end of the war with Mexico , the land in which they settled became part of the United States. Each year during the Mormon migration, people continued to be organized into "companies", each company bearing the name of its leader and subdivided into groups of 10 and 50. The Saints traveled
5037-418: Was founded by settlers from New England who were descended from English Puritans of the 1600s. Grinnell was founded in 1854 by four men: Josiah B. Grinnell , a Congregationalist from Vermont; Homer Hamlin, a minister; Henry Hamilton, a surveyor; and Dr. Thomas Holyoke. The city was to be named "Stella," but J. B. Grinnell convinced the others to adopt his name, describing it as rare and concise. Grinnell
5110-517: Was founded in 1855. Public schools within the Grinnell–Newburg Community School District include Fairview Elementary School (K-2nd grade for the eastern side of town), Bailey Park Elementary School (K–2nd grade for the western side of town), Davis School (3rd–4th grade), Grinnell–Newburg Middle School (5th–8th grade) and Grinnell–Newburg High School (9th–12th grade). There is one private school, Central Iowa Christian School, which enrolls about 35 students in kindergarten through eighth grade. Grinnell
5183-570: Was helping escape to freedom, were hosted by J. B. Grinnell and several other community residents. Because of J. B. Grinnell's efforts to help slaves and end slavery, in 2013, the National Park Service included his gravesite at Hazelwood Cemetery on the National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom listings. The Mormon Trail ran along the southern edge of Grinnell. The trail was traveled by an estimated 100,000 plus travelers from 1846 to 1869, including some 70,000 Mormons escaping religious persecution. The Pioneer Company of 1846–1847 established
5256-615: Was incorporated on April 28, 1865, and by 1880, Grinnell had a population of around 2,000. Located at the junction of two railway lines (east–west line of the Rock Island Railroad and the north–south Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway ), it is the largest community in Poweshiek County . Grinnell was a stop on the Underground Railroad from its founding. One of the most famous events occurred in February 1859, when abolitionist John Brown , and 12 slaves he
5329-498: Was the first to fly airmail from Iowa, setting a non-stop distance record of 390 miles. In 1914, the Grinnell Aeroplane company was founded with D.S. Morrison as President. Robinson developed a 706 cubic inch 100 hp six-cylinder air cooled radial engine to be built by the company to power its aircraft. In 1916, fellow Cicero aviator and designer, Otto Timm joined Grinnell Aeroplane as an instructor, and helped develop
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