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17-878: Die Gutenstein Alps are separated in the north from the Vienna Woods by the valleys of the Gölsen and Triesting . In the east they descend to the Vienna Basin . Their boundary with the Rax-Schneeberg Group to the south is formed by the valley of the Sierningbach between Ternitz and Puchberg am Schneeberg , the saddle near the Mamauwiese and the Voisbach and Schwarza valleys. To the west, from

34-861: A significant layering ( Bankung ) and a number of coloured layers. In the southeast and northwest, conglomerate rock from the Cretaceous period is found. Numerous caves are found in the limestone rock. Of these, the Unicorn Cave in Dreistetten and the Eisenstein Cave in Brunn an der Schneebergbahn are show caves which are accessible to the public. Gutenstein dolomite is so named after its occurrence in this region. It may be fine and coarse-grained and contain siliceous or argillaceous components. The gray to brown, usually layered sediment

51-599: Is part of the Alps' sandstone zone, while its south is part of the Northern Limestone Alps . In the east, the border is the thermal line , which forms a geological break line to the Viennese Basin . Beeches , oaks and hornbeams grow throughout the north of the Wienerwald forest; in the south are conifers , mostly pines and firs . The Föhrenberge (Pine Mountains) natural park is in

68-693: The city of Vienna itself, they are a favourite outdoor destination for the densely populated area around the city. The highest elevation in the Vienna Woods is Schöpfl at 893 metres (2,930 ft) above sea level , the location of the Leopold Figl observatory . Important rivers in the Vienna Woods are the Wien , the Schwechat and the Triesting . The northeasternmost Leopoldsberg overlooking

85-653: The 19th century. The natural park Sandstein-Wienerwald is near Purkersdorf , some 20 km (12 mi) west of Vienna. There are also some caves, such as the Dreidärrischenhöhle ("cave of the three deaf men"). The mountain ranges of the Vienna Woods are the transition between the Eastern Alps and the Carpathians , separated by the Danube and some tectonic lines near Vienna. The northern area

102-573: The Danube and the Vienna Basin forms the eastern end of the Alpine chain. Even though the Vienna Woods are a protected landscape and important recreational area, they are threatened by urban sprawl . The Lainzer Tiergarten , an extensive park populated by wild boar and other woodland animals, as well as the Schwarzenbergpark , were created on the territory of the city of Vienna during

119-576: The Gutenstein Alps, has the highest percentage of forest of all the districts in Austria. The Gutenstein Alps are an important recreational area for the population of the urban areas of Vienna , Wiener Neustadt and St. Pölten . In particular, the Hohe Wand in the east is accessible by a variety of paths, scrambles and climbs, and has numerous mountain inns and huts. Especially popular are

136-580: The Myra Falls and Steinwandklamm Gorge (between Pernitz and Furth ). There are ski slopes in the area of the Muckenkogel near Lilienfeld and in the south-eastern of the Unterberg . Vienna Woods The Vienna Woods ( German : Wienerwald , pronounced [ˈviːnɐˌvalt] ) are forested highlands that form the northeastern foothills of the Northern Limestone Alps in

153-710: The River Piesting . Other important rivers are the Traisen in the west, the Gölsen and the Triesting in the north and the Schwarza south of the mountain range. Most of the Gutenstein Alps consists of limestones of the Eastern Alpine formation ( Decke ), in particular, Gutenstein limestone and dolomite from the lower and middle Triassic . These relatively coarse-grained rocks almost always indicate

170-756: The Seebach stream near St. Aegyd am Neuwalde , the boundary with the Türnitz Alps runs along the Unrecht Traisen and the Traisen . The highest elevations in the Gutenstein Alps are, from west to east: Near Ebenwald, in the municipality of Kleinzell , is the northernmost thousander in the Alps: the Sengenebenberg (1,104 m). The eastern part of the Gutenstein Alps is split by the valley of

187-460: The area. Through the northern part of the Vienna Woods (from Tulln an der Donau ), a march of Polish troops of King Jan III Sobieski took place, which were to help Vienna in September 1683. In 1870, plans were brought forward to clear most of the forest, but this caused widespread public resistance, in which Josef Schöffel was one of the most important figures. In 1987, the governors of

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204-530: The latter region. The Vienna Woods was the royal hunting grounds from the 11th century until 1850. Under the influence of the Avars , a Slavic population settled here after the Völkerwanderung , which may account for village names such as Döbling , Liesing or Gablitz . From the 16th century onwards forestry was practised. Industrial development beginning circa 1840 encouraged increased settlement of

221-420: The north, Wöllersdorf , Neunkirchen and Ternitz in the east, and St. Aegyd am Neuwalde and Lilienfeld in the west. Most of the Gutenstein Alps is heavily wooded and is used for forestry. Spruce and larch dominate the higher places. Lower down the mountains, beech is the dominant species together with pine in the drier areas. The district of Lilienfeld , which incorporates the northwestern part of

238-602: The states of Lower Austria and Vienna . The 45-kilometre-long (28 mi) and 20–30-kilometre-wide (12–19 mi) range of hills is heavily wooded and a popular recreation area with the Viennese. The Vienna Woods are bounded by the rivers Triesting , Gölsen , Traisen and Danube , and are on the border of the Mostviertel and the Industrieviertel , two of the four quarters of Lower Austria. Reaching into

255-605: The states of Vienna , Lower Austria and Burgenland signed the Vienna Woods Declaration to protect nature in the region. German language links Pernitz Pernitz is a town in the district of Wiener Neustadt-Land in the Austrian state of Lower Austria . The origin of the name Pernitz is the Slavic word perenica , which refers to a stream on which charcoal is used. The Slavic settlement

272-710: Was formed in the lagoons of the Triassic and is related to Bunt dolomite . Its highly variable forms are common in the west as far as the Dachstein Mountains . With the exception of the Piesting valley (municipalities of Gutenstein , Pernitz , Markt Piesting ) and the Puchberg Basin , only the valleys on the edge of the Gutenstein Alps and the plains on the eastern edge are densely populated. Important places are Traisen , Hainfeld and Berndorf in

289-564: Was preceded by a Celtic settlement. The name was first mentioned in 1165 in the Falkensteiner Codex. Since the 17th century Pernitz experienced growth, interrupted by the plague in 1679, and the Second Turkish Siege in 1683. In 1828, a road was built to the Triesting valley. It was connected by railway to Leobersdorf and Gutenstein in 1877. Pernitz received water in 1904 and electricity in 1908. It became

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