The Directorate of State Security ( Albanian : Drejtoria e Sigurimit të Shtetit , DSSh), commonly called the Sigurimi , was the state security , intelligence and secret police service of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania . Its proclaimed goal was maintaining state security of Albania, but de facto the Sigurimi served to suppress political activity among the populace and preserve the existing political system. It is regarded as one of the most feared and repressive agencies to ever exist.
34-461: [REDACTED] Look up DSS in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. DSS may refer to: Science and technology [ edit ] Biology and medicine [ edit ] Dejerine Sottas syndrome , genetic disorder a.k.a. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 3 Dengue shock syndrome Disease-specific survival Dextran sulphate sodium ,
68-440: A chemical used experimentally to induce colitis in rodents Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate , a lubricant, laxative, and pesticide Dimethyl-silapentane-sulfonate , chemical compound used in spectroscopy for calibration Disuccinimidyl suberate , a biochemical tool used as protein cross-linking agent Technology [ edit ] Deep Space Station, an antenna station in any of Deep Space Communication Complexes, part of
102-440: A chemical used experimentally to induce colitis in rodents Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate , a lubricant, laxative, and pesticide Dimethyl-silapentane-sulfonate , chemical compound used in spectroscopy for calibration Disuccinimidyl suberate , a biochemical tool used as protein cross-linking agent Technology [ edit ] Deep Space Station, an antenna station in any of Deep Space Communication Complexes, part of
136-687: A credible threat because of the effectiveness of the Sigurimi. The activities of the Sigurimi were directed more toward political and ideological opposition than crimes against persons or property, unless the latter were sufficiently serious and widespread to threaten the regime. Its activities permeated Albanian society to the extent that every third citizen had either served time in labor camps or been interrogated by Sigurimi officers. Sigurimi personnel were generally career volunteers, recommended by loyal party members and subjected to careful political and psychological screening before they were selected to join
170-751: A dance school in Glasgow, Scotland - incorporated with Knightswood Secondary School Dansk Spejderkorps Sydslesvig , a Scout association of the Danish minority of Southern Schleswig, Germany Delta Secondary School (Delta, British Columbia) , a school in Canada Dera Sacha Sauda , a non-profit social welfare and spiritual organization Direct Subsidy Scheme , a schooling system in Hong Kong Other [ edit ] Dead Sea Scrolls , ancient manuscripts discovered in caves on
204-502: A dance school in Glasgow, Scotland - incorporated with Knightswood Secondary School Dansk Spejderkorps Sydslesvig , a Scout association of the Danish minority of Southern Schleswig, Germany Delta Secondary School (Delta, British Columbia) , a school in Canada Dera Sacha Sauda , a non-profit social welfare and spiritual organization Direct Subsidy Scheme , a schooling system in Hong Kong Other [ edit ] Dead Sea Scrolls , ancient manuscripts discovered in caves on
238-504: A geographic area See also [ edit ] DS2 (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title DSS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DSS&oldid=1258420259 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
272-504: A geographic area See also [ edit ] DS2 (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title DSS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DSS&oldid=1258420259 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
306-731: A national government department in Australia Department of Social Security (United Kingdom) , defunct governmental agency in the United Kingdom Demokratska Srpska stranka (Democratic Serb Party), a political party in Montenegro Democratic Party of Serbia ( Demokratska stranka Srbije ), a political party in Serbia United Nations Department for Safety and Security , a department of
340-401: A national government department in Australia Department of Social Security (United Kingdom) , defunct governmental agency in the United Kingdom Demokratska Srpska stranka (Democratic Serb Party), a political party in Montenegro Democratic Party of Serbia ( Demokratska stranka Srbije ), a political party in Serbia United Nations Department for Safety and Security , a department of
374-520: A result of the Sigurimi's investigations. The political control section was also involved in an extensive program of monitoring private telephone conversations. The censorship section operated within the press, radio, newspapers, and other communications media as well as within cultural societies, schools, and other organizations. The public records section administered government documents and statistics, primarily social and economic statistics that were handled as state secrets. The prison camps section
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#1732775809878408-788: A threat to the Party of Labour of Albania leadership . The Sigurimi had an estimated 30,000 officers, approximately 7,500 of them assigned to the People's Army . The organization ceased to exist in name in July 1991 and was replaced by the SHIK ( National Informative Service ). In early 1992, information on the organization, responsibilities, and functions of the SHIK was not available in Western publications. Some Western observers believed, however, that many of
442-516: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages DSS [REDACTED] Look up DSS in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. DSS may refer to: Science and technology [ edit ] Biology and medicine [ edit ] Dejerine Sottas syndrome , genetic disorder a.k.a. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 3 Dengue shock syndrome Disease-specific survival Dextran sulphate sodium ,
476-546: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Sigurimi In 2008 the Albanian parliament discussed opening the so-called "Sigurimi files", but the Socialist Party of Albania contested it. A government commission, created in 2015, has been assigned the task of publicizing the Sigurimi files and identifying candidates for public office who had collaborated with
510-572: The Deep Space Network . Digital Satellite Service , digital satellite television transmission system used by DirecTV Digitized Sky Survey , a digital version of several photographic atlases of the night sky Direct-Sequence Spreading, another term for direct-sequence spread spectrum Drahtseilbahn Schwyz–Stoos , funicular railway in Switzerland Dynamic Spectrum Sharing , at technique for
544-411: The Deep Space Network . Digital Satellite Service , digital satellite television transmission system used by DirecTV Digitized Sky Survey , a digital version of several photographic atlases of the night sky Direct-Sequence Spreading, another term for direct-sequence spread spectrum Drahtseilbahn Schwyz–Stoos , funicular railway in Switzerland Dynamic Spectrum Sharing , at technique for
578-526: The Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice Elsewhere [ edit ] Directorate of State Security ( Drejtoria e Sigurimit të Shtetit ), Albanian domestic security agency during the Hoxha and Alia dictatorship (1944-1991); dissolved in 1991 Department of Social Security (Australia) , defunct governmental agency in Australia Department of Social Services (Australia) ,
612-407: The Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice Elsewhere [ edit ] Directorate of State Security ( Drejtoria e Sigurimit të Shtetit ), Albanian domestic security agency during the Hoxha and Alia dictatorship (1944-1991); dissolved in 1991 Department of Social Security (Australia) , defunct governmental agency in Australia Department of Social Services (Australia) ,
646-793: The Digital Signature Algorithm Digital Speech Standard , a format of audio file Digital Subscriber System ISDN , signalling standards: Digital Subscriber System No. 1 , a digital signalling protocol (D channel protocol) used for the ISDN Digital Subscriber System No. 2 , as the successor to DSS1, is also a digital signalling protocol (D channel protocol) used for the B-ISDN Government and politics [ edit ] United States [ edit ] Defense Security Service , an agency in
680-523: The Digital Signature Algorithm Digital Speech Standard , a format of audio file Digital Subscriber System ISDN , signalling standards: Digital Subscriber System No. 1 , a digital signalling protocol (D channel protocol) used for the ISDN Digital Subscriber System No. 2 , as the successor to DSS1, is also a digital signalling protocol (D channel protocol) used for the B-ISDN Government and politics [ edit ] United States [ edit ] Defense Security Service , an agency in
714-443: The Sigurimi as instrumental in his faction's ability to gain power over other Albanian partisan groups . The People's Defense Division, formed in 1945 from Haxhi Lleshi 's most reliable resistance fighters, was the precursor to the Sigurimi's 5,000-strong uniformed internal security force. In 1989 the division was organized into five regiments of mechanized infantry that could be ordered to quell any domestic disturbances posing
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#1732775809878748-527: The U.S. Department of Defense Department of Social Services, another name for Child Protective Services , a government agency in several states Diplomatic Security Service , an agency in the U.S. Department of State Director of Selective Service of the Selective Service System , as in the widely used "Draft Card" in the U.S. during World War II, officially known as DSS Form 1 Registration Card Domestic Security Section , part of
782-451: The U.S. Department of Defense Department of Social Services, another name for Child Protective Services , a government agency in several states Diplomatic Security Service , an agency in the U.S. Department of State Director of Selective Service of the Selective Service System , as in the widely used "Draft Card" in the U.S. during World War II, officially known as DSS Form 1 Registration Card Domestic Security Section , part of
816-507: The UN dealing with the security and safety of its staff Department of State Services, Nigeria , formerly known as State Security Service (SSS), the domestic intelligence agency of Nigeria Department of State Security (Romania) known as Departamentul Securității Statului or Securitate (informally), secret police and the main repressive force in communist Romania. Schools and organizations [ edit ] The Dance School of Scotland ,
850-459: The UN dealing with the security and safety of its staff Department of State Services, Nigeria , formerly known as State Security Service (SSS), the domestic intelligence agency of Nigeria Department of State Security (Romania) known as Departamentul Securității Statului or Securitate (informally), secret police and the main repressive force in communist Romania. Schools and organizations [ edit ] The Dance School of Scotland ,
884-480: The coexistence of 4G and 5G mobile standards. Computing [ edit ] Darwin Streaming Server , the open source equivalent of QuickTime Streaming Server Decision support system , information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities Digital Signature Services , OASIS standard XML-based request/response protocols Digital Signature Standard , which uses
918-413: The coexistence of 4G and 5G mobile standards. Computing [ edit ] Darwin Streaming Server , the open source equivalent of QuickTime Streaming Server Decision support system , information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities Digital Signature Services , OASIS standard XML-based request/response protocols Digital Signature Standard , which uses
952-546: The communist regime; however, as of early 2017, the commission has not yet started its work, and critics have pointed out that most of the files were probably destroyed long ago. While recent data places the Sigurimi's official foundation on 10 December 1944 as the OZNA ('Department for Protection of the People'), historian Robert Elsie has argued that its organisational roots go as far back as 19 March 1943. Enver Hoxha credited
986-496: The officers and leaders of the SHIK had served in the Sigurimi and that the basic structures of the two organizations were similar. The mission of the Sigurimi was to prevent counterrevolutions and to suppress opposition to the existing political system. Although groups of Albanian émigrés sought Western support for their efforts to overthrow the Communist government in the late 1940s and early 1950s, they quickly ceased to be
1020-496: The service. They had an elite status and enjoyed many privileges designed to maintain their reliability and dedication to the party. The Sigurimi had a national headquarters and district headquarters in each of Albania's twenty-six districts. It was further organized into sections covering political control, censorship, public records, prison camps, internal security troops, physical security, counterespionage, and foreign intelligence. The political control section's primary function
1054-603: The shore of the Dead Sea Blaise Diagne International Airport , Diass, Senegal, by IATA code Design for Six Sigma (also abbreviated DFSS), a business management method Dizionario Storico della Svizzera , the Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (Italian) Duplex Stainless Steel , a steel with improved resistance to localized corrosion Demographic surveillance system - Periodic data collection system of
DSS - Misplaced Pages Continue
1088-426: The shore of the Dead Sea Blaise Diagne International Airport , Diass, Senegal, by IATA code Design for Six Sigma (also abbreviated DFSS), a business management method Dizionario Storico della Svizzera , the Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (Italian) Duplex Stainless Steel , a steel with improved resistance to localized corrosion Demographic surveillance system - Periodic data collection system of
1122-535: Was charged with the political reeducation of inmates and the evaluation of the degree to which they posed a danger to society. Local police supplied guards for fourteen prison camps throughout the country. The physical security section provided guards for important party and government officials and installations. The counterespionage section was responsible for neutralizing foreign intelligence operations in Albania as well as domestic movements and parties opposed to
1156-500: Was monitoring the ideological correctness of party members and other citizens. It was responsible for purging the party, government, military, and its own apparatus of individuals closely associated with Yugoslavia , the Soviet Union , or China after Albania broke from successive alliances with each of those countries. One estimate indicated that at least 170 communist party Politburo or Central Committee members were executed as
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