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47-469: Each team plays a fifty-game round-robin schedule that begins in mid October and runs to the end of December. The top four teams engage in another round-robin schedule with 18 games per team from the end of December to the end of January; the top two teams in those standings then play a best-of-nine series for the national title. The league's champion advances to the Caribbean Series to play against

94-551: A decline of Dominican baseball until 1950. Many of the teams were nearly bankrupted after the 1937 season, and no professional tournament was attempted for the next 14 years. The best Dominican professionals left to play in Cuba, Puerto Rico, or in the American Negro leagues, while popular attention on the island turned to the amateur teams (which, in many cases, were effectively semi-pro teams). However, Dominican victories in

141-556: A group of people led by Teodoro Mariscal established the Liga de la Costa del Pacífico (English: Pacific Coast League ). The league's first season (1945–46) started with four teams: Tacuarineros de Culiacán , Ostioneros de Guaymas , Queliteros de Hermosillo and Venados de Mazatlán . Mariscal was appointed as the league's first president. In 1947 the league expanded with two new teams: Arroceros de Ciudad Obregón and Pericos de Los Mochis . In 1958, only four teams participated, all from

188-560: A large number of players from the Negro leagues of the United States , attracting them with large salaries by Dominicans with money and political power. Among these players were future Hall of Famers James Thomas "Cool Papa" Bell , Josh Gibson , and Satchel Paige . Gibson won the batting title (.453) and Paige earned the most wins, as Dragones defeated Aguilas Cibaeñas. However, the lavish contracts exhausted team finances, leading to

235-449: A license fee of $ 750,000/year through 2007. On August 13, 2012, it was announced that Tesoro would purchase ARCO and its refinery for $ 2.5 billion. The deal came under fire because of increasing fuel prices. Many activists urged state and federal regulators to block the sale because of concerns that it would reduce competition and could lead to higher fuel prices at ARCO stations (ARCO stations make up more than half of all stations with

282-572: A much smaller open-pit mine east of the defunct Berkeley Pit. ARCO was the responsible party (by its ownership of Anaconda Copper at the time operations were terminated) for the largest U.S. Superfund site —a site that takes in the towns of Butte and Anaconda, and 120 miles (190 km) of the Clark Fork River including Milltown Dam . The region's water and soil were polluted by a century of mining and smelting. Chemicals of concern include many heavy metals and arsenic. On 7 February 2008,

329-467: A sponsor of the just-moved Sacramento Kings basketball franchise and had obtained the long-term naming rights for both their temporary and permanent homes, Original ARCO Arena and the purpose-built ARCO Arena . After BP acquired ARCO in 2000, BP decided not to renew the naming rights to the arena when the sponsorship was due to expire in February 2011. During the 1980s and 1990s, ARCO had sponsored

376-514: A sudden drop in the price of copper to below seventy cents a pound, the lowest in years, caused ARCO to suspend all operations in Butte, Montana . By 1983, only six years after acquiring rights to the " Richest Hill on Earth ", the Berkeley Pit was completely idle. By 1986, some ARCO properties were sold to billionaire industrialist Dennis Washington , whose company, Montana Resources, operates

423-581: A transaction fee of initially 10 cents for those sales while maintaining cash-only sales at the previous low price. In the beginning of the 1990s, a subsidiary, ARCO Power Technologies, later Advanced Power Technologies (APTI), was the primary contractor for the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP Project). ARCO having hired Bernard Eastlund led to conspiracy theories about weather control and warfare. In March 1997, ARCO also leased almost all

470-463: A week. During each event, which was relayed from KKNU in Springfield , the same commercial advertisement for ARCO/ BP gasoline could be heard, along with the words "This test has been brought to you by ARCO". Further investigation by the primary station transmitting the commercial revealed that the spot had been produced using an audio clip of an actual EAS header which had been modified to lower

517-678: Is a brand of gasoline stations owned by Marathon Petroleum . BP , which formerly owned the brand, uses it in Northern California , Oregon and Washington , while Marathon has rights for the rest of the United States and Mexico . ARCO was established in 1966 as the Atlantic Richfield Company, an independent oil and gas company formed from the merger of Atlantic Petroleum and the Richfield Oil Corporation . From 1966 to 2000,

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564-672: Is known for its low-priced gasoline compared to other national brands, mainly because of an early 1980s business decision to emphasize cost cutting (cash/debit-only policy) and alternative sources of income (ampm). ARCO is headquartered in La Palma, California . Tesoro was renamed Andeavor in 2017, and shortly afterwards introduced the ARCO brand for the first time in Mexico by the opening of ARCO branded stations in Tijuana . The introduction of

611-611: The 1971 Caribbean Series . In 2020, the league signed a 5-year naming rights deal with ARCO . Two teams joined the LMP for the 2020 season: Sultanes de Monterrey , that became the first team to play in the two professional baseball leagues in Mexico, and Algodoneros de Guasave , that returned to the Mexican Pacific League after disappearing in 2014. Teams in gold Caribbean Series champions ARCO ARCO ( / ˈ ɑːr k oʊ / AR -koh )

658-660: The Amateur World Series and other international competitions spurred calls for a return to professional baseball. *Championships won before LIDOM (1951) Mexican Pacific League The Mexican Pacific League ( Spanish : Liga Mexicana del Pacífico , or LMP ), officially known as the Liga ARCO Mexicana del Pacífico for sponsorship reasons, is a ten team professional baseball winter league based in Northwestern Mexico. It

705-516: The Berkeley Pit and the Anaconda, Montana Smelter. ARCO founder Robert Orville Anderson stated "he hoped Anaconda's resources and expertise would help him launch a major shale-oil venture , but that the world oil glut and the declining price of petroleum made shale oil moot". The purchase turned out to be a regrettable decision for ARCO. A lack of experience with hard-rock mining and

752-574: The United States Environmental Protection Agency announced that prolonged litigation with ARCO ended when ARCO agreed to pay $ 187 million to finance natural resource restoration activities. Anaconda Copper still nominally exists, but only as a massive environmental liability for BP. Atlantic Richfield Co and its then parent BP America agreed to settle a class-action lawsuit brought by about 700 current and former residents of Yerington, Nevada, who lived near

799-482: The 1920s. Licey, the most successful of the existing amateur teams in Santo Domingo , played a series of 32 games against an all-star team known as "Escogido" ("the chosen ones"); that tournament was won by Escogido, though Caratini (Licey) took the batting title. A second tournament held the following year, now with four teams (Escogido, Licey, Santiago and San Pedro de Macorís) was suspended with only 34 games of

846-529: The 48-game schedule played, after Escogido withdrew in protest of a controversial decision to nullify a victory over Licey. Licey won the 1924 series, contested against Escogido, as they did in 1929. However, professional baseball saw a hiatus after the 1930 San Zenón hurricane destroyed both La Primavera and the Gimnasio Escolar, the two existing venues for baseball in Santo Domingo. During

893-707: The ARCO brand and other American brands in Mexico came after Mexico ended the monopoly of state-owned Pemex . In spring of 2018, Andeavor began rebranding some SuperAmerica branded stations in North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin and Minnesota to ARCO. Andeavor was acquired by Marathon Petroleum in 2018. Following the acquisition, Marathon hinted at keeping the ARCO brand name while rebranding Andeavor's other brands either as standard Marathon stations (for franchised locations) or Speedway locations (for company-owned locations); stations still owned by BP may either remain as ARCO or rebranded as Amoco , as BP does not own

940-526: The ARCO brand on its stations in northern California, Oregon and Washington which will be continued to be supplied from BP's Cherry Point Refinery in Washington state. BP has retained the Atlantic Richfield Company as a subsidiary to handle environmental claims against BP for the clean-up of former Anaconda mine properties. ARCO was formed by the merger of East Coast –based Atlantic Refining and California-based Richfield Oil Corporation in 1966;

987-585: The Anaconda mine built in 1941. The company paid in Nevada up to $ 19.5M for settlement. EPA tested in 2009 wells and found that 79% of the wells north of mine had dangerous levels of uranium and/or arsenic. In September 2010, the staff of KCST-FM in Florence, Oregon , noticed that the station's Emergency Alert System (EAS) equipment would repeatedly unmute as if receiving an incoming EAS message several times

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1034-601: The Atlantic Richfield Company, doing business as ARCO, was an independent American oil company with operations in the United States, Indonesia, the North Sea , the South China Sea and Mexico . After its acquisition of Anaconda Copper Mining Company in 1977, ARCO had owned hard rock mines in several western states, which has created environmental clean-up liabilities to the company to this day even after

1081-462: The BP territories of the northwest. It has more than 1,300 gas stations in the western part of the United States, and recently (as of 2017 ) five gas stations in northwestern Mexico. After the Atlantic Richfield Company acquired Sinclair Oil in 1969, Atlantic Richfield decided to merger their three separate service brands into one and call it ARCO. $ 60 million was spent in the rebranding effort. Over

1128-662: The District of Columbia to Shell for an undisclosed price and also sold 576 service stations in Pennsylvania and New York plus a refinery in Pennsylvania for $ 420 million to Dutch trader John Deuss , who rebranded the stations to their former name Atlantic . Deuss later sold the stations plus refinery, pipelines and terminals in 1988 to Sunoco for $ 513 million. In 1986, ARCO began to accept bank ATM cards (which later became debit cards) at its stations by adding on

1175-526: The annual ARCO Concerts in the Sky summer jazz series at the Bonaventure Hotel in downtown Los Angeles. Thornton F. Bradshaw, 1966–1981 William F. Kieschnick Jr, 1981–1985 Lodwrick M. Cook , 1985 Robert E. Wycoff, 1986–1993 Michael R. Bowlin, 1993–1998 Michael E. Wiley, 1998–2000 Robert O. Anderson , 1966–1985 Lodwrick M. Cook , 1986–1995 Michael R. Bowlin, 1995–2000 Currently,

1222-485: The brand name ARCO is being used by Marathon Petroleum as a brand of gasoline service stations in the United States and Mexico. In Northern California, Oregon, and Washington states, the ARCO brand is licensed for exclusive use to BP for the sale of gasoline in those areas. Any independent station can adopt the ARCO brand in any territory that is covered by the Marathon Petroleum distribution network outside

1269-622: The commercial from airplay. Starting in 1965, ARCO sponsored the ARCO Jesse Owens Games, an annual track meet for children aged ten to fifteen that was started by Olympics gold medalist Jesse Owens . In 1980, ARCO became a sponsor of the 1984 Summer Olympics that were held in Los Angeles and had helped financed the refurbishing of the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum . In 1985, ARCO became

1316-563: The company's name is an acronym of the two companies' names. A merger in 1969, brought in Sinclair Oil Corporation . In the 1970s and 80s, ARCO was one of the largest companies in the world, consistently a top 20 company of the Fortune 500. After its subsequent fracture in the late 1980s and early 90s, ARCO became a subsidiary of UK-based BP plc in 2000 through its BP West Coast Products LLC (BPWCP) affiliate. Due to

1363-691: The course of 2004 and 2005, ARCO signs were replaced with signs that still had the ARCO spark, but BP's Helios (BP's new white, yellow, and green "sunburst" mark named after the Greek Sun god, replacing the old British Petroleum shield mark) is also located on the sign. A new tagline "ARCO—part of BP" also appeared on some signs and advertisements. ARCO was known for sponsoring the ARCO Arena (now Sleep Train Arena ) in Sacramento, California , with

1410-483: The game. Another professional tournament was established in 1936, this time with four teams: Licey, Escogido, Santiago, and Estrellas Orientales, which won the 1936 tournament. In 1937, Licey and Escogido, the two teams in Santo Domingo (now renamed "Ciudad Trujillo"), were merged into the "Dragones de Ciudad Trujillo," a team sponsored by the dictator Trujillo himself. teams of the Dominican Republic signed

1457-563: The gas stations of the (now) Santa Fe Springs, California –based independent Thrifty Oil group of 250 stations found throughout California after a damaging price war which the independent Thrifty was unable to win. On July 5, 1990, an explosion at an ARCO Chemical Co. facility in Channelview, Texas killed 17 people and injured five others. On April 18, 2000, ARCO was purchased by BP and completely merged into BP operations. There were two exceptions due to FTC requirements: ARCO Alaska

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1504-523: The header's volume and presumably prevent it from triggering false positive alert reactions in EAS equipment. The spot was distributed nationally, and after it had once been identified as the source of the false EAS equipment trips, various stations around the country reported having had similar experiences. After a widespread notification by the Society of Broadcast Engineers was issued, ARCO's ad agency withdrew

1551-502: The increasing cost in processing credit card sales, ARCO eliminated its own private credit card program and also the acceptance of all bank credit cards, such as Visa and MasterCard, in 1982. In this way, the company was able to pass the resulting savings on to its dealers, which resulted in the company becoming the only major gasoline retailer to accept only cash at its stations. In 1985, ARCO's East Coast stations were not doing very well so ARCO sold 400 service stations in eight states and

1598-528: The laboratory experienced significant contraction. It finally closed shortly after the 2000 acquisition of ARCO by BP. During the 1970s, the United States government and states such as California sought to encourage companies to invest in the development of low-pollution renewable energy sources. Oil companies such as BP, Shell, and ARCO began to look into photovoltaics . In 1977, ARCO purchased Chatsworth-based Solar Technology International, renamed it ARCO Solar, and moved it to Camarillo. In 1982, ARCO constructed

1645-470: The league, which changed its name for third time to Liga Invernal Sonora-Sinaloa (English: Sonora-Sinaloa Winter League ). In 1970, the league changed its name to the current Liga Mexicana del Pacífico (English: Mexican Pacific League ) and joined the Confederación de Béisbol Profesional del Caribe (English: Caribbean Professional Baseball Confederation ), thus participating for the first time in

1692-665: The lowest fuel prices in California). On June 3, 2013, BP sold ARCO and the Carson Refinery to Tesoro for $ 2.5 billion. BP sold its Southern California terminals (Vinvale, Colton, San Diego, Hathaway, and Hynes) to Tesoro Logistics LP, including the Carson Storage Facility. BP sold the ampm brand to Tesoro for Southern California, Arizona, and Nevada. BP exclusively licensed the ARCO rights from Tesoro for Northern California, Oregon, and Washington. ARCO

1739-492: The mines were closed in the early 1980s. In 2000, BP Amoco (now BP) acquired ARCO for $ 26.8 billion. ARCO's retail and marketing operations were kept separate while the rest of the company was integrated into BP. In 2012, BP sold its Carson refinery, 800 ARCO stations in California, Arizona and Nevada, and the ownership of the ARCO brand to Tesoro for $ 2.5 billion while paying Tesoro for an exclusive license for use of

1786-658: The representatives from Mexico , Venezuela , Colombia , Panama and Puerto Rico . For his close involvement in the Dominican league's establishment and early development, Pedro Miguel Caratini has been called "the father of Dominican baseball". Four amateur clubs established in the early 1900s still exist today, and form the foundation of Dominican professional baseball: Tigres del Licey in 1907, Estrellas Orientales in 1911, Leones del Escogido in 1921, and Sandino (later renamed Águilas Cibaeñas ) in 1937. The first attempts at an organized professional league came about in

1833-537: The rights to the BP name due to licensing-based reasons in the Western United States. Following the merger, ARCO and Marathon began to be marketed together with Marathon stations replacing various Andeavor brands in the Western markets (including Exxon , Mobil and Shell stations under license with ExxonMobil and Shell , respectively) while ARCO returned to Eastern markets for the first time since

1880-435: The state of Sonora : Rojos de Ciudad Obregón , Rieleros de Empalme , Naranjeros de Hermosillo and Ostioneros de Guaymas. Since all the participant teams were from Sonora, the league changed its name to Liga Invernal de Sonora (English: Sonora Winter League ). In 1959, Mayos de Navojoa replaced Ciudad Obregón. In 1962, Ciudad Obregón and Los Mochis returned to the league. In 1965, Mazatlán and Tomateros de Culiacán joined

1927-719: The tallest twin towers in the world until the completion of the World Trade Center in New York City . In 1986, joint owners ARCO and Bank of America sold the buildings to Shuwa Investments Corp., the American subsidiary of Shuwa Co. of Tokyo, for $ 650 million while both remained tenants in their respective named towers. ARCO moved out of the building in 1999. The building was renamed City National Plaza in 2005. ARCO's Oil & Gas division headquarters were in downtown Dallas, Texas . The headquarters' building

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1974-709: The world's first photovoltaic central utility power plant, a 1-megawatt facility near Hesperia. Unfortunately for ARCO, the solar panel industry was costly and not very profitable, so it was looking for a buyer by 1989. It finally sold the company to the German company Siemens for $ 36 million in 1990. In 1987, ARCO Chemical Co. was spun off and taken public, with ARCO selling 19.9% to the public. Lyondell Chemical Company (now LyondellBasell ), bought ARCO Chemical in 1998 for $ 5.6 billion including ARCO's entire 82.2% ownership stake. ARCO merged with Anaconda Copper Mining Company of Montana in 1977. Anaconda's holdings included

2021-419: The years 1930-1963, military dictator General Rafael Trujillo can be credited with furthering the sport of baseball in Dominican Republic. Trujillo encouraged many sugar refineries to create teams of cane cutting laborers to play baseball during the idle months of cultivation. Fostering high levels of competition, the organization structure continued to mature stimulating growth in the intensity and popularity of

2068-663: Was a 46-story office building designed by architect I.M. Pei , the ARCO Tower . The building is now called Energy Plaza . From the 1960s, until the end of the twentieth century, ARCO operated a highly significant research and development center in Plano, Texas, on land purchased in 1964 by the Atlantic Refinery Company. Its golden age was arguably in the early to mid 1980s, when it was led by Robert L. Hirsch . A standout example of ARCO's research at that time

2115-550: Was founded in 1945. The league's champion takes part in the Caribbean Series each year. The sixty eight-game regular season is split in two halves. After each half, the teams are awarded points. The first place team earns ten points, while the last place team earns three and a half points. At the end of the regular season the total number of points are added up from both halves to determine playoff positioning. The top eight teams advance. There are no divisions. In 1945,

2162-583: Was sold by BP to Phillips Petroleum , and ARCO Pipe Line Company was acquired by TEPPCO , a subsidiary of Enterprise Products . From 1972 to 2000, ARCO's global corporate headquarters were in the ARCO Plaza in Los Angeles at the corner of 5th and Flower Streets, the site of Richfield's former headquarters . Upon completion in 1972, the ARCO Plaza towers were the tallest buildings in the city for one year before being overtaken by Aon Center , and were

2209-570: Was the pioneering study on 4D seismic surveying by Robert Greaves and Terry Fulp. This consisted of repeated 3D seismic surveys which successfully mapped the effects of enhanced oil recovery processes as a function of time. This work was recognized for its seminal importance over 20 years later by the Society of Exploration Geophysicists . Besides Greaves and Fulp, the laboratory produced a number of other distinguished alumni during this golden age, including scientists John Castagna , Michael Batzle, Geoffrey Dorn, and Marius Vassiliou . In later years

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