The Dong Feng 4 ( Chinese : 东风-4 ; pinyin : Dōng Fēng Sì ; lit. 'East Wind 4') or DF-4 (also known as the CSS-3 ) is a first-generation two-stage Chinese intercontinental ballistic missile with liquid fuel ( Nitric acid / Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine ). It was thought to be deployed in limited numbers in underground silos beginning in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Dong Feng 4 has a takeoff thrust of 1,224.00 kN, a takeoff weight of 82000 kg, a diameter of 2.25 m, a length of 28.05 m and a fin span of 2.74 m. The range of the Dong Feng 4, which is equipped with a 2,190 kg nuclear warhead with 3.3 Megaton yield, with a nominal range of 5,500 km. This gives it sufficient range to strike targets as far away as Russia , India, and American bases in the Pacific. The missile uses an inertial guidance system, resulting in a large CEP of 1,500 meters. As of 2017, 10–15 launchers are deployed.
11-624: The decision to develop the DF-4 was made in 1965 in response to the U.S. ballistic missile submarine patrols that began operating out of Guam. The missile's designer has been variously identified as Ren Xinmin or Tu Shou'e [屠守锷], and it was produced at Factory 211 (Capital Astronautics Co. [首都航天机械公司], also known as Capital Machine Shop [首都机械厂]). In 1972 US intelligence estimated an IOC for this system as being expected in 1974 or 1975. Deployment actually began in 1975–76, but only four DF-4s were believed to be in place by 1984. There were two versions of
22-547: A 2014 documentary, Ren leading a successful five-day march in 1967 in the cold western desert seeking a downed test rocket as one anecdote from his long career. Ren served as Vice Minister of the Seventh Ministry of Machine Building from 1975 until 1982, when he was moved to the Ministry of Aerospace Industry. There, the 331 Project , to build and launch a communication satellite, was successfully implemented. Ren
33-523: The Dong Fang Hong I , China's first satellite, and the chief designer of Chinese storable propellant rocket engine. He was also the chief designer for the Long March 3 launch vehicle, Fengyun , and SJ ( Shijian ) series satellites. Together with Huang Weilu , Tu Shou'e , and Liang Shoupan , Ren was considered one of the "Four Elders of China's Aerospace", only surpassed by Qian Xuesen ,
44-655: The 1980s. Ren married Yu Shuangqin ( Chinese : 虞霜琴 ), the daughter of a Nationalist government official, in 1944. Ren died on 12 February 2017, in Beijing, aged 101 (102 in East Asian age reckoning ). His wife and children survived him. Seventh Ministry of Machine Building The Seventh Ministry of Machine Building (第七机械工业部), originally the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense ,
55-536: The DF-4) and is road- and rail-mobile, and thus more survivable than the silo-based DF-4. Ren Xinmin Ren Xinmin ( Chinese : 任新民 ; pinyin : Rén Xīnmín ; Wade–Giles : Jen Hsin-min ; 5 December 1915 – 12 February 2017) was a Chinese aerospace engineer and a specialist in astronautics and liquid rocket engine technology. He was the technical director of the Long March 1 rocket, which launched
66-809: The founder of China's aerospace industry. He was awarded the Two Bombs, One Satellite Merit Medal in 1999. Ren was elected a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980. Ren Xinmin was born on 5 December 1915, in Ningguo , Anhui Province. When he was a middle school student, he joined the Communist Youth League . He studied chemical engineering at the National Central University in Nanjing . After
77-538: The missile developed, one version housed in caves or garages to be rolled out on launch and another silo based version. The US DoD estimates that the missile will continue to serve as a regional deterrence instrument until they can be replaced by the DF-31 . This will be a significant capability gain for the Second Artillery Corps . The DF-31A has a range of 11,700 kilometers (as opposed to just 7,000 for
88-877: The outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, he took refuge in Chongqing where he studied gun design at the National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Military Administration. He worked at an armoury after graduation in 1940. Ren attended the University of Michigan in 1945, where he obtained his MS and PhD. After the Second World War, Ren read a book authored by Qian that roused his interest in rocket science. When he returned to China in 1949, he arrived in Nanjing and
99-462: Was in charge of its five sections as chief engineer and was nicknamed the "Chief Chief Engineer (总总师)". Ren's insistence on applying LO X /LH 2 rocket engines led to the success of the Long March 3 in 1984, even though he had suffered numerous failures, and then faced the resulting backlash. He had also been a dedicated promoter of China's crewed spaceflight and space station projects since
110-478: Was offered a research fellowship until 1952, when he left for Harbin . In those three years, Ren and his colleagues attempted to launch a tiny rocket, though experimentation was never completed. Despite Ren's specialisation in mechanical engineering, he was appointed as the director of rocket teaching and research section to teach the solid-propellant rocket course at the Institute of Military Engineering. Ren
121-601: Was then recruited by the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of Defence in 1956. His first task was incorporating the design and technology to replicate the R-2 rocket with the assistance of Soviet experts. Dongfeng 1 , a licensed version of the R-2 with limited maximum range, was launched smoothly in 1960. Ren was appointed as the chief designer and helped develop the Dongfeng 2 , a medium-range rocket, in 1961. A colleague recalled, in
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