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37-965: Coordinates : 35°27′N 133°46′E / 35.450°N 133.767°E / 35.450; 133.767 National Park in Chūgoku, Japan Daisen-Oki National Park 大山隠岐国立公園 IUCN category II ( national park ) [REDACTED] Mount Daisen , the highest peak in Daisen-Oki National Park [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Daisen-Oki National Park Daisen-Oki National Park in Japan Location Honshū , Japan Coordinates 35°27′N 133°46′E / 35.450°N 133.767°E / 35.450; 133.767 Area 319.27 km Established February 1, 1936 Daisen-Oki National Park ( 大山隠岐国立公園 , Daisen Oki Kokuritsu Kōen )
74-505: A tan ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS 80 and WGS 84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!} is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this
111-460: A datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations a simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326 ),
148-608: A point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as
185-473: A region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using the same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because
222-411: Is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan β = b
259-480: Is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and a longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it
296-522: Is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly, the length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand
333-611: Is a national park in the Chūgoku region , Honshū , Japan , and spans the prefectures of Okayama , Shimane , and Tottori . Mount Daisen is the focus of the park, which also includes the volcanic mountains and plains of Hiruzen , Mount Kenashi , Mount Sanbe , and Mount Hōbutsu . The Izumo Plain region of the park is home to the oldest Shinto shrine in Japan, the Izumo-taisha . The Oki Islands are also an important component of
370-436: Is different from Wikidata Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Japanese-language text Commons category link is on Wikidata Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja) Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS ) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It
407-456: Is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana , a location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum
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#1732772115558444-834: Is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. List of national parks of Japan National parks ( 国立公園 , Kokuritsu Kōen ) and quasi-national parks ( 国定公園 , Kokutei Kōen ) of Japan are places of scenic beauty that are designated for protection and sustainable use by
481-409: Is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in
518-465: Is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of the shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for
555-750: The EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In
592-481: The International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude
629-819: The Minister of the Environment under the Natural Parks Law ( 自然公園法 ) of 1957. National parks are designated and in principle managed by the Ministry of the Environment. Quasi-national parks, of a slightly lesser beauty, size, diversity, or state of preservation, are recommended for ministerial designation and managed by the prefectures under the supervision of the ministry. Japan established its first kōen ( 公園 ) or public parks in 1873 ( Asakusa Park , Asukayama Park , Fukagawa Park , Shiba Park , and Ueno Park ). In 1911 local citizens petitioned that
666-526: The 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from a prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with
703-525: The 58th, Akkeshi-Kiritappu-Konbumori Quasi-National Park . On 25 June 2024, Hidaka-sanmyaku Erimo Quasi-National Park was redesignated Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park , making it the 35th national park. The area of each national and quasi-national park is divided into ordinary, special and marine park zones. Special zones are further subdivided into special protection and class I, II, and III special zones, restricting access and use for preservation purposes. The state owns only approximately half of
740-506: The Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm a year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of
777-729: The European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS 84 differs at Greenwich from the one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112 m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120 m to 180 m. Points on
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#1732772115558814-536: The French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with
851-577: The center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of
888-649: The default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by a national cartographical organization include the North American Datum ,
925-490: The distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get the width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!}
962-474: The full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used the same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding
999-459: The land area). On 27 March 2015, the 32nd national park was established, Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park , on 15 September 2016, the 33rd, Yanbaru National Park , and on 7 March 2017, the 34th, Amami Guntō National Park , subsuming Amami Guntō Quasi-National Park . On 25 March 2016, a further quasi-national park was established, Kyoto Tamba Kogen Quasi-National Park , on 27 March 2020, Chūō Alps Quasi-National Park , and, on 30 March 2021,
1036-781: The length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt
1073-461: The location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires
1110-595: The longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to)
1147-463: The melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS 80 or WGS 84 spheroid at sea level at the Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree
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1184-439: The national, quasi-national, and prefectural natural parks. With minor amendments this established the framework that operates today. As of 1 April 2014, there were 31 national parks and 56 quasi-national parks, with the national parks covering 20,996 km (5.6% of the land area) and the quasi-national parks 13,592 km (3.6% of the land area). In addition, there were 314 prefectural parks covering 19,726 km (5.2% of
1221-569: The old National Parks Law, in colonial Taiwan in 1937: the Tatun National Park (the smallest in Japan); Tsugitaka - Taroko National Park, (the largest); and Niitaka - Arisan National Park (with the highest mountain in then Japan). Ise-Shima was the first to be created after the war , and a further seven had been added by 1955. In 1957 the Natural Parks Law replaced the earlier National Parks Law, allowing for three categories:
1258-3212: The original on August 25, 2007 . Retrieved 2012-02-28 . v t e National parks of Japan National Parks Akan Amami Guntō Ashizuri-Uwakai Aso-Kujū Bandai-Asahi Chichibu-Tama-Kai Chūbu-Sangaku Daisen-Oki Daisetsuzan Fuji-Hakone-Izu Hakusan Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi Iriomote-Ishigaki Ise-Shima Jōshinetsu Kōgen Kerama Shotō Kirishima-Kinkowan Kushiro Shitsugen Minami Alps Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan Nikkō Ogasawara Oze Rishiri-Rebun-Sarobetsu Saikai Sanin Kaigan Sanriku Fukkō Setonaikai Shikotsu-Tōya Shiretoko Towada-Hachimantai Unzen-Amakusa Yambaru Yakushima Yoshino-Kumano [REDACTED] Quasi-National Parks Abashiri Aichi Kōgen Akiyoshidai Biwako Chōkai Echigo Sanzan-Tadami Echizen-Kaga Kaigan Genkai Hayachine Hiba-Dōgo-Taishaku Hida-Kisogawa Hyōnosen-Ushiroyama-Nagisan Ibi-Sekigahara-Yōrō Iki-Tsushima Ishizuchi Kita Nagato Kitakyūshū Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Kōya-Ryūjin Kurikoma Kyoto Tamba Kōgen Kyūshū Chūō Sanchi Meiji no Mori Minō Meiji no Mori Takao Mikawa Wan Minami Bōsō Minami Sanriku Kinkasan Murō-Akame-Aoyama Muroto-Anan Kaigan Myōgi-Arafune-Saku Kōgen Nichinan Kaigan Nippō Kaigan Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru Kaigan Nishi-Chūgoku Sanchi Noto Hantō Oga Okinawa Kaigan Okinawa Senseki Ōnuma Sado-Yahiko-Yoneyama Shimokita Hantō Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri Sobo Katamuki Suigō-Tsukuba Suzuka Tango-Amanohashidate-Ōeyama Tanzawa-Ōyama Tenryū-Okumikawa Tsugaru Tsurugisan Wakasa Wan Yaba-Hita-Hikosan Yamato-Aogaki Yatsugatake-Chūshin Kōgen Zaō Authority control databases [REDACTED] International VIAF National Germany Japan Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daisen-Oki_National_Park&oldid=1233828816 " Categories : IUCN Category II National parks of Japan Parks and gardens in Okayama Prefecture Parks and gardens in Shimane Prefecture Parks and gardens in Tottori Prefecture Protected areas established in 1936 Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) Articles with short description Short description
1295-456: The original on August 25, 2007 . Retrieved 2012-04-24 . ^ "大山隠岐国立公園 (Daisen Oki Kokuritsu Kōen)" . Dijitaru daijisen (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007 . Retrieved 2012-04-24 . ^ "大山隠岐国立公園 (Daisen Oki Kokuritsu Kōen)" . Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (日本国語大辞典) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from
1332-1033: The park. The park was established in 1936 as Daisen National Park ( 大山国立公園 , Daisen Oki Kokuritsu Kōen ) , but was expanded and renamed in 1961 to include the Oki Islands and Shimane Prefecture areas. See also [ edit ] List of national parks of Japan External links [ edit ] [REDACTED] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Daisen-Oki National Park . (in English) Daisen-Oki National Park - National Parks of Japan (in Japanese) Daisen-Oki National Park - National Parks of Japan Introducing places of interest: Daisen-Oki National Park Daisen-Oki National Park Daisen-Oki National Park References [ edit ] ^ "Gikeiki" . Encyclopedia of Japan . Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from
1369-595: The shrines and forests of Nikkō be placed under public protection. In 1929 the National Parks Association was formed. In 1931 the first National Parks Law ( 国立公園法 ) was passed. After much study and survey, in March 1934 the first parks were established — Setonaikai , Unzen and Kirishima — with five more in December and a further four two years later. Three further parks were established under
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