60-694: The Detroit–Windsor region is an international transborder agglomeration named for the American city of Detroit , Michigan , the Canadian city of Windsor , Ontario , and the Detroit River , which separates them. The Detroit–Windsor area acts as a critical commercial link straddling the Canada–United States border and has a total population of 5,976,595. It is North America's largest cross-border conurbation . The Detroit–Windsor area covers
120-672: A U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer when seeking a new period of authorized admission into the United States in TN status. For both Mexican nationals and Canadian citizens already present in the United States and maintaining lawful immigration status in a classification other than TN, TN classification can also be granted through a "Change of Status" process initiated by a U.S. employer's petition for TN status on behalf of that prospective or current employee. Canada's corresponding NAFTA work permit for U.S. citizens and Mexican nationals
180-643: A national of Mexico. It was created as a result of provisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement that mandated simplified entry and employment permission for certain professionals from each of the three NAFTA member states in the other member states. The provisions of NAFTA relevant to TN status were then carried over almost verbatim to the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement that replaced NAFTA in 2020. A Canadian citizen or Mexican national with
240-538: A B-2 or B-1/B-2 visa from a U.S. consular post, and if issued, seek admission in B-2 classification for up to one year. The inspecting CBP officer might allow a one year admission, or might instead offer the usual six month admission. While in B-2 classification, that domestic partner will not be able to work for a U.S. company in the U.S. or study in the U.S. Study instead could be undertaken by changing classification to one allowing study. Unless already physically present in
300-407: A Canadian citizen. In fiscal years 2007 through 2009, between 4,000 and 5,000 TN visas (including TN-2 visas for Mexicans) were issued by U.S. consulates each year. Prior to 2004, Mexicans were subject to an annual quota and to procedures similar to an H-1B visa. Renewal/extension of TN status can be done either by mail (which requires filing of Form I-129, "Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker", by
360-410: A U.S. consular post and admission at the border). While TN status theoretically may be renewed indefinitely in three-year increments, it is not a permanent visa and if U.S. immigration officials suspect it is being used as a de facto green card , and with foreign residence abandoned, then they may elect to deny further renewals. The set of occupations permitted to petition for TN status is also quite
420-486: A U.S. port of entry or Canadian airport with U.S. preclearance facility, and the other is by the filing of a Form I-129 petition by the employer to the designated processing office prior to their intended trip into the United States [two- six months processing time, unless you use the Premium Processing service]; Canadians already in the U.S. could do the same, without having to leave. Applying for this status
480-505: A bit more limited than for the H-1B visa . Renewal is possible, in theory, indefinitely, but the TN status is not a substitute for permanent residency (a green card ), and the border official has the discretion to refuse further renewals if she feels the ability for indefinite renewal is being abused. How this happens in practice depends largely on the mood of the individual border official. Some Canadians have successfully renewed TN status for
540-429: A boost by immigration. However, Detroit itself has less than half of its peak population. 42°19′21″N 83°02′48″W / 42.3225°N 83.0468°W / 42.3225; -83.0468 Transborder agglomeration Urban area that extends into two or more countries (or dependent territories) [REDACTED] San Diego–Tijuana is an urban agglomeration across
600-590: A copy of the Form I-129, and all supporting documentation that was submitted to USCIS, in order to respond to any questions about eligibility. The applicant should also be prepared to pay any applicable inspection fees at the time that he or she seeks admission. If a CBP officer finds the applicant to be eligible for admission, the person will be admitted as a TN non-immigrant. A TN visa holder may be able to bring their unmarried domestic partner to live with them. A non-Canadian citizen domestic partner can apply for
660-585: A decade or more; others have found that after 3–4 years a border official may deny renewal. The spouse and dependent children under the age of 21 of a TN professional may apply for TD status (TD-1 for the family members of a Canadian citizen worker, or TD-2 for those of a Mexican worker). TD status can't be granted for longer than the period of time granted to the principal TN professional holder. TD status does not allow them to work, although they are permitted to attend school. In most states, non-resident tuition rates will apply for post-secondary institutions. If
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#1732773076803720-493: A factual resident of Canada by maintaining ties. (Likewise, U.S. citizens working and living in Canada under a work permit pursuant to CUSMA (as USMCA is referred to by Canadian authorities) are also subject to corresponding income tax liabilities and end-of-year filing of tax returns in Canada.) In general, there can be income tax liabilities in accordance to where the employee works regardless of where legal or physical residence
780-437: A job offer from a U.S. employer in certain defined professions and who meets the minimal education requirements for the relevant profession can work in the United States, for up to three years. The classification theoretically may be renewed indefinitely, although real-world complications may limit the number of times, or overall length of time, a foreign national might successfully be granted an authorized period of admission into
840-645: A professional level in one of the professions set forth in Appendix 1603.D.1 to Annex 1603" and then sets forth the professions agreed upon by the NAFTA member states. In 2022, section 214.6 was updated to reflect the transition from NAFTA to USMCA. The visa category "Professionals Under the North American Free Trade Agreement" (NAFTA), also known as a TN (Treaty NAFTA ) visa, is available only to citizens of Canada and Mexico, under
900-519: A regulation entitled "Temporary Entry of Business Persons Under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)". It amended section 214.6 of the Code of Federal Regulations , title 8, to provide procedures for "Canadian and Mexican citizens seeking temporary entry to engage in business activities at a professional level". The section states that "Pursuant to the NAFTA, an applicant seeking admission under this section shall demonstrate business activity at
960-477: A variety of practical considerations for a TN status holder offered a transition to U.S. permanent residence by an employer or U.S. citizen or LPR spouse. The governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States negotiated a regional free trade agreement, which came to be known as NAFTA, during the 1980s. The leaders of the three nations signed the agreement in their respective capitals on December 17, 1992. NAFTA included an Appendix 1603.D.1 that required each of
1020-529: A visa. Canadian professionals are admitted into the United States in TN-1 status at the border. Canadian citizens are not required to obtain a visa, but instead receive TN status with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at their port of entry (most commonly it is done upon entry to the United States from Canada, but entry in TN status is permitted at any port of entry, such as an airport with United States border preclearance ). The TN status will only be granted if
1080-399: Is a fairly streamlined procedure. The Canadian, arriving at the U.S. port of entry no more than the 10 days before the job start allowed by federal regulations, must: The U.S. immigration officer will then adjudicate the application on the spot and grant or deny TN status. If the decision is to grant TN status, the Canadian enters the U.S. and begins TN employment. If the decision is to deny,
1140-469: Is different from Wikidata Incomplete lists from August 2010 All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from July 2015 TN Visa TN status (or TN classification ; "TN" from Trade NAFTA ) is a special non-immigrant classification of foreign nationals in the United States , which offers expedited work authorization to a citizen of Canada or
1200-443: Is maintained during employment. This is much like U.S. citizens who live in one state but work in another who are then subject to state income and other taxes in the state in which they work. If their legal residence is still in their home country, workers may also be required to file a return in their home country. Based on income tax treaties, credit is normally available in the home country for income and other payroll taxes paid in
1260-501: Is sometimes unofficially also referred to as a TN status or TN visa, although this name is technically only a creation of U.S. law. TN classification bears a similarity, in some ways, to the U.S. H-1B classification , but also has unique features. Notably, H-1B classification allows for " dual intent " to obtain Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) status in the United States, while TN status does not. This leads to
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#17327730768031320-492: Is the second largest border region in the world, after Kinshasa - Brazzaville in Central Africa, with some 5,700,000 people living in its metropolitan area. The Detroit side contains over one-half of the population of Michigan , whereas Windsor and Sarnia contain only two percent of Ontario's population. An estimated 46 million people, nearly 16% of the U.S. population, live within a 480 km (300 mi) radius of
1380-447: The Detroit River . Many federal, state and provincial bi-national agreements affecting trade and border security also link the region. Today, increasing governmental co-operation is being formalized. On June 15, 2012, the construction of a new bridge between Windsor and Detroit was announced in the two cities by Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper , Transport Minister Denis Lebel and Michigan Governor Rick Snyder. The bridge announcement
1440-681: The Mexico–United States border . A transborder agglomeration is an urban agglomeration or conurbation that extends into multiple sovereign states and/or dependent territories . It includes city-states that agglomerate with their neighbouring countries. List of transborder agglomerations [ edit ] [REDACTED] This list is incomplete ; you can help by adding missing items . ( August 2010 ) Africa [ edit ] Main municipalities Countries Total population Kinshasa–Brazzaville [REDACTED] Democratic Republic of
1500-411: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which superseded CUSFTA. A person may be eligible for TN status, if: A grant of TN status is typically valid for three years, but only for the specific employer for which it was originally requested. A desired change of employers will require a new authorized period of admission in TN status, whether through the first-time route (TN status directly at
1560-8926: The Congo / [REDACTED] Republic of the Congo 19,547,463 Bukavu – Cyangugu [REDACTED] Democratic Republic of the Congo / [REDACTED] Rwanda 1,200,000 Goma – Gisenyi 756,323 Abidjan–Lagos [REDACTED] Côte d'Ivoire / [REDACTED] Ghana / [REDACTED] Togo / [REDACTED] Benin / [REDACTED] Nigeria 27,000,000 Lomé – Aflao [REDACTED] Togo / [REDACTED] Ghana 1,544,206 N'Djamena – Kousséri [REDACTED] Chad / [REDACTED] Cameroon 1,694,819 Asia [ edit ] Main municipalities Countries Total population Astara and Astara [REDACTED] Iran – [REDACTED] Azerbaijan 100,000 Khorramshahr and Abadan and Basra [REDACTED] Iran – [REDACTED] Iraq 2,000,000 Dhahran and Jubail and Manama [REDACTED] Saudi Arabia – [REDACTED] Bahrain 2,000,000 Tashkent and Saryagash [REDACTED] Uzbekistan – [REDACTED] Kazakhstan 3,000,000 Fergana and Kyzyl-Kiya [REDACTED] Uzbekistan – [REDACTED] Kyrgyzstan 300,000 Qorasuv and Kara-Suu 40,000 Lahore and Amritsar [REDACTED] Pakistan – [REDACTED] India 12,000,000 Heihe and Blagoveshchensk [REDACTED] China – [REDACTED] Russia 400,000 Dandong and Sinuiju [REDACTED] China – [REDACTED] North Korea 1,000,000 Greater Bay Area ( Guangzhou and Dongguan and Shenzhen and Hong Kong – Macau [REDACTED] China – [REDACTED] Hong Kong – [REDACTED] Macau 71,200,000 Sijori Growth Triangle ( Singapore and Johor Bahru and Batam and Bintan ) [REDACTED] Singapore – [REDACTED] Malaysia – [REDACTED] Indonesia 9,000,000 Padang Besar and Padang Besar [REDACTED] Malaysia – [REDACTED] Thailand 20,000 Vientiane and Nong Khai [REDACTED] Laos – [REDACTED] Thailand 900,000 Savannakhet and Mukdahan 200,000 Europe [ edit ] Further information: Eurodistrict Main municipalities Countries Total population Øresund Region (Greater Copenhagen and Malmö ) [REDACTED] Denmark – [REDACTED] Sweden 3,964,522 Haparanda and Tornio [REDACTED] Sweden – [REDACTED] Finland 32,000 Pello and Pello 4,500 Karesuando and Karesuvanto 500 Imatra and Svetogorsk [REDACTED] Finland – [REDACTED] Russia 45,000 Ivangorod and Narva [REDACTED] Russia – [REDACTED] Estonia 69,000 Valga and Valka [REDACTED] Estonia – [REDACTED] Latvia 20,000 Como and Chiasso (part of Greater Milan ) [REDACTED] Italy – [REDACTED] Switzerland 189,000 Gorizia and Nova Gorica [REDACTED] Italy – [REDACTED] Slovenia Basel and Huningue and Weil am Rhein ( Regio TriRhena ) [REDACTED] Switzerland – [REDACTED] France – [REDACTED] Germany 2,400,000 Geneva and Annemasse and Ferney-Voltaire and Nyon ( Grand Genève ) [REDACTED] Switzerland – [REDACTED] France 890,000 Kreuzlingen and Konstanz [REDACTED] Switzerland – [REDACTED] Germany 110,000 Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastián [REDACTED] France – [REDACTED] Spain 620,000 Le Perthus and Els Límits 700 Bourg-Madame and Puigcerdà Hendaye and Irun Lille and Roubaix and Tourcoing and Mouscron and Tournai and Kortrijk [REDACTED] France – [REDACTED] Belgium 1,850,000 Longwy and Aubange and Pétange [REDACTED] France – [REDACTED] Belgium – [REDACTED] Luxembourg 80,000 Strasbourg and Kehl [REDACTED] France – [REDACTED] Germany 700,000 Forbach and Saarbrücken 700,000 La Línea de la Concepción and Gibraltar [REDACTED] Spain – [REDACTED] Gibraltar 95,628 Baarle-Hertog and Baarle-Nassau [REDACTED] Belgium – [REDACTED] Netherlands 9,262 Görlitz and Zgorzelec [REDACTED] Germany – [REDACTED] Poland 85,000 Guben and Gubin 35,000 Frankfurt (Oder) and Słubice 75,000 Szczecin 763,321 Herzogenrath and Kerkrade [REDACTED] Germany – [REDACTED] Netherlands 95,000 Freilassing and Salzburg [REDACTED] Germany – [REDACTED] Austria 175,000 Vienna and Bratislava [REDACTED] Austria – [REDACTED] Slovakia 1,900,000 Komárom and Komárno [REDACTED] Hungary – [REDACTED] Slovakia 56,000 Rousse and Giurgiu [REDACTED] Bulgaria – [REDACTED] Romania 250,000 Lifford and Strabane [REDACTED] Ireland – [REDACTED] United Kingdom 18,500 Slavonski Brod and Brod [REDACTED] Croatia – [REDACTED] Bosnia and Herzegovina 110,000 North America [ edit ] Main municipalities Countries Total population Paso Canoas [REDACTED] Costa Rica / [REDACTED] Panama 9,543 Metro Vancouver – Fraser Valley – Bellingham - Whatcom County [REDACTED] United States / [REDACTED] Canada 3,350,000 Detroit–Windsor 5,976,595 Buffalo - Niagara Region 1,614,790 Port Huron – Sarnia – Point Edward 105,776 Sault Ste. Marie – Sault Ste. Marie 93,944 San Diego–Tijuana [REDACTED] United States / [REDACTED] Mexico 5,105,769 Calexico–Mexicali 1,143,000 San Luis Río Colorado – San Luis 227,000 Nogales – Nogales 240,000 El Paso–Juárez 2,500,000 Laredo–Nuevo Laredo 775,481 Lower Rio Grande Valley 2,671,028 Reynosa–McAllen 1,500,000 Brownsville–Matamoros 1,387,985 South America [ edit ] Main municipalities Countries Total population Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni – Albina [REDACTED] French Guiana / [REDACTED] Suriname Saint Georges – Oiapoque [REDACTED] French Guiana / [REDACTED] Brazil 32,000 Quaraí – Artigas [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Uruguay 67,000 Santana do Livramento – Rivera 140,000 Chuí – Chuy 15,592 Corumbá – Puerto Suárez [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Bolivia 124,000 Tabatinga – Leticia – Santa Rosa [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Colombia / [REDACTED] Peru 107,000 Ponta Porã – Pedro Juan Caballero [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Paraguay 209,000 Foz do Iguaçu – Ciudad del Este – Puerto Iguazu [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Paraguay / [REDACTED] Argentina 800,000 Barracão – Dionísio Cerqueira – Bernardo de Irigoyen [REDACTED] Brazil / [REDACTED] Argentina 36,000 Uruguaiana – Paso de los Libres 170,000 Tulcán – Ipiales [REDACTED] Ecuador / [REDACTED] Colombia 190,000 Cúcuta – San Antonio del Táchira [REDACTED] Colombia / [REDACTED] Venezuela 700,000 See also [ edit ] Border town Cross-border town naming List of divided cities Metropolitan area References [ edit ] ^ "Bukavu, Democratic Republic of
1620-664: The Congo Population (2023) - Population Stat" . populationstat.com . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ "Explore Cyangugu Town" . Nyungwe Forest National Park . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ "Central Asian cities are overgrown with slums" . centre1.com . Retrieved 12 May 2017 . ^ "Archived copy" (PDF) . www.espon.eu . Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 12 January 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link ) ^ "Archived copy" (PDF) . www.espon.eu . Archived from
1680-407: The U.S. as soon as the TN status expires or the job is terminated; there is a formal grace period of 10 days at end of authorization to "depart the United States or take other actions to extend, change, or otherwise maintain lawful status" and a grace period of up to 60 consecutive days during each authorized validity period for certain high-skilled nonimmigrant workers when their employment ends before
1740-522: The United States and maintaining lawful status in a different classification (and thus potentially eligible for a "Change of Status" procedure to TN classification), a Mexican citizen must first obtain a U.S. TN-2 visa at an American consulate (typically in Mexico). Once the TN visa foil is affixed to the Mexican citizen's passport, he or she may seek admission into the U.S. in TN status in a similar manner to
1800-462: The United States in the classification. For Mexican nationals, being granted admission in TN classification generally requires first being issued a TN visa at a U.S. consular post . In contrast, Canadian citizens, who are generally exempt from the usual requirement of U.S. federal regulations to obtain a U.S. visa in advance of requesting admission to the U.S. (with limited exceptions ), generally simply present their relevant paperwork directly to
1860-566: The United States under and pursuant to the provisions of Section D of Annex 1603 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (in this subsection referred to as 'NAFTA') to engage in business activities at a professional level as provided for in such Annex, may be admitted for such purpose under regulations of the Attorney General promulgated after consultation with the Secretaries of State and Labor, for purposes of this Act, including
Detroit–Windsor - Misplaced Pages Continue
1920-550: The aerospace and air cargo industry. Windsor Airport is currently undergoing a major expansion, with an aircraft maintenance and repair hangar being constructed, as well as cargo facilities for air to rail/road transport. Many people commute across the Detroit–Windsor International border daily. Professions identified in the 1988 Free Trade Act are permitted TN Visas for legal work in the United States and Canada. As an example, over 5,000 Windsor residents work, in
1980-504: The area, with other metropolitan areas within this radius, such as Toronto , Ontario ; Hamilton, Ontario ; Buffalo, New York ; Erie, Pennsylvania ; Cleveland , Ohio ; Akron, Ohio ; Toledo, Ohio ; Columbus, Ohio ; Cincinnati , Ohio; Indianapolis, Indiana ; Northern Kentucky ; Grand Rapids, Michigan ; London, Ontario ; Regional Municipality of Waterloo , Ontario ; Flint, Michigan ; Saginaw, Michigan ; Milwaukee , Wisconsin , and Chicago , Illinois . While about four-fifths of
2040-399: The border for Canadian citizens; a new TN visa for Mexican citizens at a U.S. consular post and admission at the border) or via Extension of Stay as part of the new prospective employer's Form I-129 petition on behalf of the prospective employee. If employment with a single employer is desired for more than three years, it may, theoretically, be renewed indefinitely. Prior to October 16, 2008,
2100-576: The communities have been historically tied by several partnerships and agreements, including the Detroit and Windsor Tunnel Corporation, the firm that is owned equally by the City of Detroit and City of Windsor and operates the tunnel . The cities are historically linked through the rise of the auto industry in both countries due to the U.S.-Canadian Auto Pact in the 1960s, and share geopolitical concerns affecting transportation and shared resources, such as
2160-468: The doctrine of dual intent . Therefore, Canadians or Mexicans on TN status must be careful if they desire to ultimately pursue the green card . Either they should first attempt to switch to the H-1B visa before applying for the green card or they must take into careful consideration: The intention to seek permanent residence may be evidenced by the individual's filing of a Form I-485, or, in certain cases, by
2220-410: The employer, along with proof of the TN holder's citizenship and education, and an extension letter similar to the original offer letter) or by duplication of the original process (for Mexican citizens, a trip to a U.S. consulate; for Canadians leaving and re-entering U.S., document requirements are similar to those for obtaining the original TN). TN holders (and any dependents) are not required to leave
2280-485: The end of their authorized validity period, so they may more readily pursue new employment and an extension of their nonimmigrant status. The individual is legally allowed to remain in the USA to look for another job for 60 days. Canadian TN status workers are responsible for U.S. Medicare, state, federal, and Social Security taxes in the U.S. A Canadian citizen may also be liable for income taxes in Canada, e.g. if considered
2340-517: The foreign country. Bilateral treaties exist to allow workers to regain benefits. For example, after a minimum of 1.5 years of work in the U.S., workers become eligible for a pro-rata Social Security benefit under what is known in the U.S. as a totalization agreement. After more than 10 years of work in the U.S., the regular Social Security benefit calculation minus the Windfall Elimination Provision will be applied. Therefore,
2400-643: The healthcare industry, and 16,000 overall in Metro Detroit as such, the industry is one of Windsor's largest indirect employers. One of the largest U.S. law firms, Miller, Canfield, Paddock and Stone P.L.C., has offices in both Windsor and Detroit. A 2004 Border Transportation Partnership study showed that 257,000 jobs in Michigan and $ 13 billion in annual production depend on the Detroit–Windsor international border crossing. With many new businesses in
2460-510: The immigration officer will often detail the shortcomings in the application; if these are relatively straightforward to correct, the Canadian will often correct the problem soon thereafter and then return to the border to reapply. Alternatively, a prospective TN employer can petition USCIS for a foreign national to be either: (a) accorded TN status immediately upon petition approval, by change of status or (b) to be effectively pre-approved as TN-eligible for that specific position, with TN status for
Detroit–Windsor - Misplaced Pages Continue
2520-403: The initial period of stay for a TN status holder was up to one year only. Renewal is accomplished either by an Extension of Stay mail-in renewal within the United States, requested as part of the employer's Form I-129 petition on behalf of the prospective employee, or by replicating the first-time route (TN status directly at the border for Canadian citizens; a new TN visa for Mexican citizens at
2580-621: The issuance of entry documents and the application of subsection (b), such alien shall be treated as if seeking classification, or classifiable, as a nonimmigrant under section 101(a}(15). In 2020, this wording was updated by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act to reflect the new agreement. The regulations described in the NAFTA Implementation Act were promulgated on December 30, 1993, in
2640-476: The largest in Canada, attracts visitors from the Metro Detroit region. In fact, Kwame Kilpatrick stated that Detroit is transitioning "from a manufacturing economy to a casino economy" in his re-election campaign. Moreover, Windsor's economy has continued to diversify with several hundred green-energy jobs having been created as of June 2011. More capital investment in the city is expected, especially in
2700-472: The law on December 8, 1993, placing NAFTA into effect on January 1, 1994. The measure inserted a new sub-paragraph into section 214 of the Immigration and Nationality Act , codified at United States Code , title 8, section 1184, that states: An alien who is a citizen of Canada or Mexico, and the spouse and children of any such alien if accompanying or following to join such alien, who seeks to enter
2760-576: The member-states to institute laws and regulations for the free temporary movement of certain professionals among the three member-states with special simplified immigration procedures. NAFTA was implemented in U.S. federal law in 1993 through the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, H.R. 3450, Pub. L. 103-182, 107 Stat. 2057. After approval of the measure by the U.S. House and U.S. Senate , President Bill Clinton signed
2820-421: The new job to take effect upon the individual next being admitted into the United States at a U.S. port of entry. The procedure for doing this is by submitting Form I-129 petition with a US$ 460 fee to the appropriate (California or Vermont) USCIS service center. For option (a) above, USCIS would send a notice approving the petition, along with a Form I-94 reflecting the change of status (or extension of stay, if
2880-533: The original (PDF) on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 12 January 2022 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link ) ^ "San Diego - Tijuana" . World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01 . Retrieved 1 September 2011 . ^ "The 411 - Fascinating Facts" . Guest Life: El Paso/Juarez and Southern New Mexico . Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 . Retrieved 17 Feb 2010 . ^ "Nuevo Laredo Metro area" . World Gazetteer. Archived from
2940-2467: The original on 9 February 2013 . Retrieved 1 September 2011 . ^ Gomez, Rodney; Guajardo, Luis; Ely-Ledesma, Edna (June 15, 2022). "It is time to recognize the Rio Grande Valley as a rising borderland metropolis" . Rice University: Kinder Institute for Urban Research. {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link ) ^ "McAllen Overview" . McAllen Chamber of Commerce . Retrieved 26 August 2011 . ^ "Explore Matamoros" . Brownsville South Padre Island International Airport . Retrieved 5 February 2024 . ^ "IBGE Cidades (Brazil's Census 2010)" . ^ "INE (Uruguay's Census 2011)" . ^ http://www.lapatilla.com/site/2016/08/15/cucuta-y-san-antonio-dos-ciudades-unidas-pero-separadas-por-cierre-frontera/ "...que une ambas ciudades formando una conurbación, los 650.000 habitantes de Cúcuta y los 50.000 de San Antonio supieron que comenzaban tiempos difíciles." v t e World's largest cities City proper Capitals Africa Americas North Latin Central South Asia Arab world Arabia ASEAN East, South and Southeast Asia Europe Baltic European Union Nordic Metropolitan area Americas ( North South West Indies ) Europe ( European Union ) Asia Africa Middle East Oceania Urban area / agglomeration Asia Africa Europe European Union Nordic North America Oceania Transborder Historical World Europe Related articles Arcology Ecumenopolis Global city Megacity Megalopolis Conurbation Satellite city population Primate city Secondary city [REDACTED] Cities portal [REDACTED] World portal Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transborder_agglomeration&oldid=1259089629 " Category : Transborder agglomerations Hidden categories: CS1 maint: archived copy as title CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list Articles with short description Short description
3000-406: The period of stay is temporary . There is no appeal recourse if one is refused TN status. Canadian citizenship for TN status purposes may be by descent or grant (naturalization). Those with educational qualifications from sources outside Canada or the U.S. must prove equivalency to the U.S. requirements. Canadians have two alternative procedures to apply for TN status. One is by going directly to
3060-779: The population of Metro Detroit lives outside the city itself, Windsor has a balanced population between the city of Windsor itself and the rest of Essex County. The Detroit metro area comprises over 200 cities, villages and townships ranging in population from the hundreds to the hundreds of thousands. Windsor's CMA, however, has only eight official municipalities (with Windsor being a recent separated municipality ), consisting of LaSalle (pop. 30,200), Tecumseh (pop. 23,200), Amherstburg (pop. 22,000), Lakeshore (pop. 36,611) Leamington-Kingsville (pop. 49,150) and Windsor itself (pop. 229,660). Within each of these municipalities lie several smaller communities that serve as bedroom communities for Windsor's working force. Windsor has recently been given
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#17327730768033120-582: The southeastern Michigan counties of St. Clair , Macomb , Lapeer , Genesee , Livingston , Oakland , Washtenaw , Monroe and Wayne ; as well as the southern Ontario counties of Essex , Lambton , Chatham-Kent , and the City of Windsor . The Detroit–Windsor region is not accounted for as a single metropolitan area by the U.S. or Canadian government. If it were, the region would be the eighth most populous urban region in North America. Nevertheless,
3180-472: The spouse or child requesting TD status is not a Canadian citizen, he or she will usually still qualify for TD status, but must first request a formal TD visa at a U.S. consulate. The U.S. consulates reported 3,000 to 4,000 TD visas issued in each U.S. fiscal year from 2007 to 2009; this included visas issued both to family members of Mexican TN-2 visa holders and to non-Canadian family members of Canadian TN-1 entrants. For Canadians, TN status does not involve
3240-610: The suburbs, the region is competitive in emerging technologies including biotechnology , nanotechnology , information technology , and hydrogen fuel cell development. Together, the two metropolitan areas have a population of almost 6,000,000 people, with 5.4 million in the Detroit area, 375,000 people in Essex County ( Windsor ), 125,000 in Lambton County ( Sarnia ), and 110,000 in Chatham-Kent , Ontario . It
3300-596: The terms of the USMCA (previously NAFTA). Prior to that, starting in 1989 and continuing through 1993, qualifying individuals practicing one of the professions identified in the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) were able to obtain TC status for legal work in the United States and Canada, creating a limited amount of freedom of labor movement. In 1994, TN status became effective through
3360-422: The worker is already in TN status). For option (b) above, if USCIS approves Form I-129, the prospective worker may then come seek admission from a CBP officer to the United States as a TN nonimmigrant by providing the following documentation at a U.S. port of entry or at a designated pre-clearance/pre-flight inspection station: In addition, when applying for admission, the applicant should have in their possession
3420-470: The worker may receive 3 cheques, one each from the Canada Pension Plan, Old Age Security, and U.S. Social Security. TN status has some similarities with the H-1B visa . However, TN status may be significantly easier for some Canadians or Mexicans to obtain, as it is not subject to the annual cap that applies to H-1B visa issuance. An important differences is that TN status does not include
3480-467: The years. Population loss has been occurring continuously since the 1950s, so that the population has declined more than 60% since its peak, poverty and crime have become significant problems, and at least 50,000 of the city's structures are abandoned. The affluent suburbs, however, are magnets for immigrants, wealth, and population growth. Windsor's economy is reliant on the automotive industry, but has diversified. As an example, Caesars Windsor casino,
3540-471: Was a long-anticipated formalization of a new partnership between Canada and Michigan, with Canada paying the entire Michigan share of the new bridge, including a new interchange with Interstate 75 . The joint Royal Canadian Mounted Police and U.S. Coast Guard Shiprider program of marine border security are examples. The increasing interdependence of Detroit–Windsor was recognized by U.S. regional business and government in 2007 when Windsor Mayor Eddie Francis
3600-620: Was invited to take part in, and speak at, the annual Mackinac Policy Conference, a committee of regional business and political leaders, developed to address the economic and quality of life concerns that matter most to Southeast Michigan . Detroit is home to the Big Three automobile companies. As a result, Windsor is home to the Chrysler Canada Headquarters and car plants for two of the "Big Three". The city of Detroit has experienced severe economic difficulties over
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