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19-453: Degania or Deganya may refer to: Degania Alef , initially simply Degania , the first kibbutz, founded in 1909 Degania Bet , a kibbutz adjacent to Degania Alef, founded in 1920 Degania Gimel , a kibbutz south of Degania Bet founded in 1920 and disbanded in 1922. Degania Dam on the Jordan river near Degania Alef Topics referred to by

38-517: A detailed map of the country. Guérin visited the Holy Land eight times in 1852, 1854, 1863, 1870, 1875, 1882, 1884, and 1888. He won a French Academy of Sciences prize for his 7-volume Geographical, Historical, and Archaeological Description of Palestine . Much of Guérin's work describes ruins (khirbas) in places he visited. In his books Guerin writes about the identification and history of archaeological sites, often referring to passages from

57-624: A member of the French School of Athens . While exploring Samos , he identified the spring that feeds the Tunnel of Eupalinos and the beginnings of the channel. His doctoral thesis of 1856 dealt with the coastal region of Palestine, from Khan Yunis to Mount Carmel . Guerin died on 21 September 1891 in Paris. He was a professor of foreign literature in Lyon and Grenoble . In 1878 he joined

76-491: Is derived from דגן dagán , meaning "grain". After the first phase at Umm Junieh, the group and its settlement was simply called Degania , Alef being added only after the establishment of the associated kibbutzim of Degania Bet and Gimel in 1920. Alef , bet and gimel are the first letters of the Hebrew alphabet and carry the numerical values 1, 2 and 3. According to the 1881 Survey of Western Palestine , Umm Junieh

95-494: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Degania Alef Degania Alef ( Hebrew : דְּגַנְיָה א' , Hebrew pronunciation: ['dɡanja 'alef] ) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. The Jewish communal settlement ( kvutza ) was founded in 1910, making it the earliest Labor Zionist farming commune in the Land of Israel . Its status as "the mother of all kibbutzim"

114-624: Is sometimes contested based on a later distinction made between the smaller kvutza , applying to Degania in its beginnings, and the larger kibbutz . It falls under the jurisdiction of the Emek HaYarden Regional Council . Degania Alef and its neighbor Degania Bet both lie between the southern shore of the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan River . As of 2022 it had a population of 525. Degania means " cornflower " and

133-685: The Battles of the Kinarot Valley , in one of the first battles of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War , the residents of Degania Alef and Bet, assisted by a small number of military personnel, repelled a Syrian attack and succeeded in halting the advance of the Syrian army into the Jordan Valley . During the attack Degania Alef was completely destroyed by the Syrian army. According to a 1949 book by

152-497: The Jewish National Fund , the village was destroyed following attacks on the neighboring kibbutzim of Sha'ar HaGolan and Masada . The settlers resisted, however, and launched a counter-attack which helped to recover the neighboring settlements. Reconstruction started almost immediately. In 2007, Degania Alef moved to undergo privatisation . Instead of assigned jobs and equal pay under the former communal economy,

171-519: The ancient bridge known in Arabic as Jisr es-Sidd , which was also noted as ruined by Jacotin. In 1875, Victor Guérin observed the village of Oumm Djouneh , sitting on a hill east of the river Jordan . In 1881, the PEF 's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described the place, cited as Umm Junieh , as a stone and adobe village, on the east side of the river Jordan, on the top of the eastern bank of

190-700: The faculty of the Institut Catholique de Paris . He was a member of the Société des Antiquaires de France from 1862, and of the Légion d'honneur from 1866. With the financial backing of Honoré Théodoric d'Albert de Luynes he explored Greece, the Greek Islands, Asia Minor, Egypt , Nubia , Tunisia , and the Levant . He published many unknown Punic and Roman inscriptions from Tunisia, as well as

209-530: The new stone-built compound at its permanent location. That is at the place where the Jordan River emerges from the Sea of Galilee and therefore had the Arabic name Bab al-Tumm, "Gate of the Mouth". The poet Rachel Bluwstein , the "prophet of labor" A. D. Gordon , and paramilitary commander and leading Zionist Joseph Trumpeldor all worked at Degania Alef. Zionist pioneer and future Israeli politician Yosef Baratz

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228-468: The reorganisation requires members to find employment, live on their income, and allows them to own their homes, but still offers a form of a social "safety net" supplement for members whose livelihood is inadequate to meet their expenses. This move to privatisation was chronicled in Yitzhak Rubin's 2008 documentary, Degania: The First Kibbutz Fights Its Last Battle . In 1981, Kvutza Degania Alef

247-466: The river. It contained about 250 Muslim inhabitants. All the plain around was arable soil; no trees. A mill was worked at the village. A population list from about 1887 showed that Umm Juny had about 330 inhabitants, all Muslim . Degania (later Degania Alef) was the first kvutza -type agricultural settlement established by Zionist pioneers of the New Yishuv under Ottoman rule. The location

266-450: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Degania . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Degania&oldid=1058365001 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

285-540: Was among the founders of Degania Alef. On June 5, 1912, he married and started the first family. His first child, Gideon Baratz (1913–1988), who was born in Degania Alef, was the first child born in a Jewish collective community in Palestine . The second child to be born in Degania Alef was the prominent Israeli general and politician Moshe Dayan . Dayan was named after Moshe Barsky , a member of Degania Alef who

304-694: Was awarded the Israel Prize , for its special contribution to society and the State in social pioneering. Victor Gu%C3%A9rin Victor Guérin, a devout Catholic, graduated from the École normale supérieure in Paris in 1840. After graduation, he began working as a teacher of rhetoric and member of faculty in various colleges and high schools in France, then in Algeria in 1850, and 1852 he became

323-468: Was possibly the place called Union, or Homonœa, by Josephus ( Vita , 54). The Muslim village called Umm Junieh is mentioned during the Late Ottoman period (late 19th century) at the site from which the first Jewish settlers would start establishing their community in 1909–1910. A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place as ruined. Umm Junieh was just by

342-441: Was south-west of the Sea of Galilee , at a place known in Arabic as Umm Junieh or Umm Juni , within the administrative Ottoman area of Acre Sanjak . It was founded in 1910 by a group of eight men and one woman, the " [labour] conquest group", followed at the end of the same year by what would become the permanent settlers group (ten men and two women). In June 1912, the group moved from the mud huts and wooden shack of Umm Juni to

361-471: Was the first kibbutz member killed in an Arab attack. Barsky was killed in November 1913. He was alone in the kibbutz fields when he was shot in the back and left for dead by Arab marauders. In 1920 two new kibbutzim, Degania Bet and Degania Gimel , were established to the south of what consequently became Degania Alef or Aleph. By 1947 Degania Alef had a population of 380. On May 20, 1948, during

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