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67-586: Dulwich ( / ˈ d ʌ l ɪ tʃ / ; DUL -itch ) is an area in south London , England. The settlement is mostly in the London Borough of Southwark , with parts in the London Borough of Lambeth , and consists of Dulwich Village , East Dulwich , West Dulwich , and the Southwark half of Herne Hill (which is often referred to as the North Dulwich triangle). Dulwich lies in a valley between

134-538: A South West sub-region consisting of Croydon, Kingston, Lambeth, Merton, Sutton, Richmond and Wandsworth. In 2011 a new south London region was created consisting of Bromley, Croydon, the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames, Richmond upon Thames, Merton, Sutton, Wandsworth, Bexley, Greenwich and Lewisham. South London is, like other parts of London and the UK in general, a temperate maritime climate according to

201-503: A randomized controlled trial found PEG (MiraLax or GlycoLax) 17 grams once per day to be superior to tegaserod at 6 mg twice per day. A randomized controlled trial found greater improvement from two sachets (26 g) of PEG versus two sachets (20 g) of lactulose. 17 g per day of PEG has been effective and safe in a randomized, controlled trial for six months. Another randomized, controlled trial found no difference between sorbitol and lactulose. For children, PEG

268-680: A charitable foundation, the College of God's Gift , established in 1619. The charity's modern successor, The Dulwich Estate , still owns 1,500 acres (6.1 km) in the area, including a number of private roads and a tollgate. As part of the foundation, Alleyn also constructed a school, the Christ's Chapel (where Alleyn is buried) and alms houses in Dulwich (today the Dulwich Almshouse Charity). Alleyn's original school building

335-518: A children's play area. This area used to be the fields for its farm. The lake is the only substantial stretch of the ancient River Effra remaining above ground. Bell House (Dulwich) in College Road was designed in 1767 for Thomas Wright , a stationer and later Lord Mayor of the City of London . A large extension was added in the mid-19th century and it is accompanied by a lodge house. The house

402-505: A cost of just over £2000 and with a ground rent of £22 10s per annum. Uniquely, Ellyatt sought and was granted permission to build in 9" solid brick walls rather than 11" cavity walls (as was usual convention) as long as he used cement mortar. The site was originally occupied by a Georgian built home, known locally as "the Hall" which had become partially derelict during World War I and was demolished in 1925. Crossways still exists in substantially

469-530: A growth in housing for the middle and working classes. In the Second World War , Dulwich was hit by many V-1 flying bombs and V-2 rockets . A possible explanation for this is that the British military when announcing V-1 and V-2 explosions deliberately gave map co-ordinates four miles north of the truth in an attempt to protect densely populated central London and focus the drops on the open spaces in

536-495: A process designed to prepare the bowel for surgery or colonoscopy and to treat certain types of poisoning . Brand names for these solutions include GoLytely, GlycoLax, Cosmocol, CoLyte, Miralax, Movicol, NuLytely, Suprep, and Fortrans. Solutions of sorbitol (SoftLax) have similar effects. Saline laxatives are nonabsorbable, osmotically active substances that attract and retain water in the intestinal lumen, increasing intraluminal pressure that mechanically stimulates evacuation of

603-481: A significant expansion of the school, which was split into an Upper School (later Dulwich College ) which moved into new buildings designed by Charles Barry (junior) in 1870, and a Lower School (later Alleyn's School ) which moved to its present day site in Townley Road in 1887. By 1901, the population had grown to 10,247 from a smaller population of 1,632 in 1851 due to the development of railway networks and

670-417: Is 14 minutes from London Bridge. The nearest stations are in: Denmark Hill , East Dulwich , West Dulwich , North Dulwich , Gipsy Hill , Herne Hill , Peckham Rye , Sydenham Hill and Tulse Hill . Dulwich is served by London Buses routes 3 , 12 , 37 , 40 , 42 , 176 , 185 , 197 , 201 , 363 , 484 , 450 , P4 and P13 . Famous people born in the area include: artist Madge Tennent in 1889;

737-497: Is Grade II listed. Its name comes from its Bell Tower situated on top of the original house and the bell was restored in the late 1990s. It became a Dulwich College boarding house in 1926 and only returned to private ownership in 1993. The house was bought in the summer of 2016 by an educational charity. The Crown and Greyhound public house is in Dulwich Village. In the 19th century, two separate pubs stood in this area –

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804-612: Is a current drug approved for use in the EU since October 15, 2009, in Canada (brand name Resotran) since December 7, 2011, and in the United States since December 2018. Lubiprostone is used in the management of chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. It causes the intestines to produce a chloride-rich fluid secretion that softens the stool, increases motility, and promotes spontaneous bowel movements. For adults,

871-550: Is no longer used for that purpose, instead now housing the Estate's Governors. In the 17th century, King Charles I of England visited Dulwich Woods on a regular basis to hunt. In 1738, a man named Samuel Bentyman was murdered in Dulwich Woods. On 5 August 1677 John Evelyn writes that he took the waters at Dulwich. The Dulwich waters were cried about in the streets of London as far back as 1678. In 1739, Mr. Cox, master of

938-558: Is notably lower than other London area weather stations (by about 50–100 hours a year), suggesting Greenwich may be a fog trap in winter, and that the hillier land to the south may obscure early morning and late evening sunshine. The highest temperature recorded across south London was 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) on the same occasion at Kew Gardens. Although the Met Office accepts a higher reading from Brogdale in Kent, many have questioned

1005-557: Is now open to all who wish to play. Dulwich Paragon cycling club are also based in the area. Alleyn Old Boys Club – former pupils of Alleyn's School – is located on Burbage Road. Dulwich is also home to Dulwich Harps Gaelic football team (Men and ladies teams) who train in Peckham Rye. The men's team most recently winning Division 2 football league and Intermediate 2024 and Junior Championships. Dulwich has two running clubs, namely Dulwich Park RC and Dulwich Runners. Dulwich Park

1072-525: Is situated on Turney Road and was built in 1900. The church is currently a conservative evangelical Church of England church and meets on Sunday mornings at 10:30. The building is otherwise home to Rosendale School. In the south, the spire of St. Stephen's Church can be seen above the trees of Dulwich Wood , adjacent to Sydenham Hill railway station . Dulwich sits astride the South Circular (A205) , one of London's Ring Roads . Also passing through

1139-516: Is that while there are more than thirty bridges linking the area with West London and the City , there is only one, Tower Bridge , linking the area with East London . Very little of London's underground rail network lies south of the river, largely due to the challenging geology; however, 21st-century technology makes tunnelling much cheaper (though stations are still expensive) and this may lead to an improved underground provision in south London with

1206-601: Is the most common acid-base imbalance observed. Other significant adverse effects include rhabdomyolysis , steatorrhoea , inflammation and ulceration of colonic mucosa, pancreatitis , kidney failure , factitious diarrhea and other problems. The colon will need more quantities of laxatives to keep functioning, this will result in a lazy colon, infections, irritable bowel syndrome, and potential liver damage. Although some patients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa abuse laxatives in an attempt to lose weight, laxatives act to speed up

1273-523: The City of London , a sui generis local authority which is mainly located north of the Thames. The term 'south London' has been used for a variety of formal purposes with the boundaries defined according to the purposes of the designation. In 2017 the government asked the Boundary Commission for England to reconsider the boundaries of parliamentary constituencies. The commission's study,

1340-523: The Crossrail 2 line proposed alongside extensions to the Northern and Bakerloo Lines . South London contains an extensive overground rail network and all of London's trams operate within the area. The 12 boroughs included, in whole or part are: (Outer London for statistics) A small area of land, on which the southern end of Blackfriars Bridge stands, is not part of Southwark. It forms part of

1407-803: The House of Lords , also lives there. Admiral Sir Michael Boyce , a former Chief of the Defence Staff , lived in Woodwarde Road and Sir John Scarlett , head of MI6 , lived just off the South Circular Road. Harriet Harman MP lives in Winterbrook Road, Albert Booth MP, Secretary of State for Employment under James Callaghan , lived on the corner of Woodwarde Road and Desenfans Road and Sir Robin Butler , secretary to

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1474-525: The Isthmian League today. They ground share with another Non-League football club Fisher F.C. at Champion Hill in East Dulwich. In recent years Sainsbury's acquired the site, built Dulwich Hamlet a new ground, and developed one of the largest Sainsbury's in the country. The Old Alleynian Football Club is a local rugby union team originally for former pupils of Dulwich College , but

1541-472: The Köppen climate classification system . Three Met Office weather stations currently collect climate data south of the river; Kew, Hampton and Kenley Airfield, on the southern edge of the urban area. Long term climate observations dating back to 1763 are available for Greenwich, although observations ceased here in 2003. Temperatures increase towards the Thames, firstly because of the urban warming effect of

1608-652: The Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell within the County of London in 1889; in 1965, the borough was abolished and the area became part of the newly created London Borough of Southwark. The first documented evidence of Dulwich is as a hamlet outside London in 967 AD, granted by King Edgar to one of his thanes . The name of Dulwich has been spelt in various ways since the Medieval period: Dylways, Dullag and most commonly Dilwysshe (from dile-wisc 'meadow where

1675-497: The dill grew'). The land was granted in 1127 by King Henry I to Bermondsey Abbey who then owned the surrounding land. In 1333, the population of Dulwich was recorded as 100. In 1538, Henry VIII sold the area to goldsmith Thomas Calton for £609. Calton's grandson Sir Francis Calton, due to financial reasons, sold the Manor of Dulwich for £5,000 in 1605 to Elizabethan actor and entrepreneur Edward Alleyn . He vested his wealth in

1742-496: The enteric nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract . However, some have been discontinued or restricted due to potentially harmful cardiovascular side effects. Tegaserod (brand name Zelnorm ) was removed from the general U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007, due to reports of increased risks of heart attack or stroke. It is still available to physicians for patients in emergency situations that are life-threatening or require hospitalization. Prucalopride (brand name Resolor)

1809-494: The intestines (lower part of the digestive tract ). Properties Bulk-forming agents generally have the gentlest of effects among laxatives, making them ideal for long-term maintenance of regular bowel movements. Foods that help with laxation include fiber-rich foods. Dietary fiber includes insoluble fiber and soluble fiber , such as: Emollient laxatives, also known as stool softeners, are anionic surfactants that enable additional water and fats to be incorporated in

1876-581: The osmotic effect, which retains water in the colon; lowering the pH through bacterial fermentation to lactic, formic, and acetic acids; and increasing colonic peristalsis . Lactulose is also indicated in portal-systemic encephalopathy . Glycerin suppositories work mostly by hyperosmotic action, but the sodium stearate in the preparation also causes local irritation to the colon. Solutions of polyethylene glycol and electrolytes ( sodium chloride , sodium bicarbonate , potassium chloride , and sometimes sodium sulfate ) are used for whole bowel irrigation ,

1943-451: The 19th century ( Dulwich College , Alleyn's School and James Allen's Girls' School ). In recent decades four large state secondary schools have opened in the area ( The Charter School East Dulwich , The Charter School North Dulwich , Kingsdale Foundation School and Harris Boys' Academy East Dulwich ). Dulwich formed part of the ancient parish of Camberwell in Surrey , which became

2010-827: The Cabinet, lived in Half Moon Lane. In the closing chapter of Charles Dickens ' romance The Pickwick Papers , Samuel Pickwick retires to a house in Dulwich, "one of the most pleasant spots near London." South London South London is the southern part of Greater London , England , south of the River Thames . The region consists of the boroughs , in whole or in part, of Bexley , Bromley , Croydon , Greenwich , Kingston , Lambeth , Lewisham , Merton , Richmond , Southwark , Sutton and Wandsworth . South London originally emerged from Southwark , first recorded as Suthriganaweorc , meaning 'fort of

2077-486: The Green Man, a tavern situated about a mile south of the village of Dulwich, sunk a well for his family. The water was found to be possessed of purgative qualities, and was for some time used medicinally. While the water was popular much custom was drawn to the adjoining tavern, and its proprietor flourished. The oak-lined formal avenue, known as Cox's Walk, leading from the junction of Dulwich Common and Lordship Lane

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2144-816: The accuracy of this and regard the Kew reading as the most reliable highest UK temperature reading. Purgative Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant , lubricant , and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances. Sufficiently high doses of laxatives may cause diarrhea . Some laxatives combine more than one active ingredient, and may be administered orally or rectally . Bulk-forming laxatives, also known as roughage , are substances, such as fiber in food and hydrophilic agents in over-the-counter drugs , that add bulk and water to stools so they can pass more easily through

2211-515: The area is the A2199 and College Road, which features a working tollgate dating back to 1789. The journey to London Victoria from West Dulwich takes about 12 minutes and there are direct trains to and from London Blackfriars and points north on the Thameslink line during the morning and evening peak periods respectively, East Dulwich is 12 minutes from London Bridge and North Dulwich

2278-494: The author, Enid Blyton in 1897; the first compiler of the London A-Z , Phyllis Pearsall in East Dulwich in 1906, she went on to live in Dulwich Village; code breaker Mavis Batey , then Mavis Lever, was born in Dulwich on May 5, 1921; the war-time singer Anne Shelton who lived on Court Lane until shortly before her death in 1994; also on Court Lane, Dr Reginald John Gladstone FRSE embryologist, lived here until his house

2345-437: The boundary between West Dulwich and Dulwich itself, is opposite West Dulwich railway station and was designed in 1785 for John Files . It remained a private house until 1938 when it came into the hands of Southwark Council. It fell into disrepair in the 1990s but was bought in 1998 and refurbished and turned into an upmarket restaurant. The house has a large park ground attached which is now public, including tennis courts and

2412-546: The bowel. Magnesium-containing agents also cause the release of cholecystokinin , which increases intestinal motility and fluid secretion. Saline laxatives may alter a patient's fluid and electrolyte balance. Properties Stimulant laxatives are substances that act on the intestinal mucosa or nerve plexus , altering water and electrolyte secretion. They also stimulate peristaltic action and can be dangerous under certain circumstances. Properties Prolonged use of stimulant laxatives can create drug dependence by damaging

2479-555: The centre of Dulwich Village. The Crown was for the labourers of the area, while the Greyhound across the road, was for local gentry. The Greyhound was a coach stop on the London Piccadilly-Sittingbourne route. Charles Dickens was a frequent visitor to the village and used to drink at The Greyhound pub. The current pub known as "The Dog", is a Grade II listed building. In the 1960s, it used to be known as

2546-625: The colon's haustral folds , making users less able to move feces through their colon on their own. A study of patients with chronic constipation found that 28% of chronic stimulant laxative users lost haustral folds over the course of one year, while none of the control group did. Castor oil is a glyceride that is hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipase to ricinoleic acid , which produces laxative action by an unknown mechanism. Properties Long-term use of castor oil may result in loss of fluid, electrolytes, and nutrients. These are motility stimulants that work through activation of 5-HT 4 receptors of

2613-406: The edge of Dulwich Village . The old church was designed by W H Wood of Newcastle upon Tyne and consecrated in 1894. However the original church burnt down in an arson attack by 'unknown persons' on Monday 7 December 1992. The "Phoenix appeal" raised money to build a new church and the replacement structure, designed by Larry Malcic with an all-glass spire, was opened in 1996. Grace Church Dulwich

2680-533: The family circle, such as the poet Thomas Campbell , then living in nearby Sydenham , and Robert Barker , inventor of the panorama . Following the closure of the school, the building reverted to its original use and was known as the Grove Tavern. The building has now been boarded up and neglected for many years by owners the Dulwich Estate. In 1803, Samuel Matthews – known as the " Dulwich Hermit " –

2747-411: The men of Surrey '. From Southwark , London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent . South London began at Southwark at the southern end of London Bridge , the first permanent crossing over the river, with early development of the area being a direct result of the existence and location of the bridge . Southwark was first known as Suthriganaweorc , the fortress of

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2814-773: The men of Surrey , mentioned in the Burghal Hidage as part of military system created by Alfred the Great to defeat the Great Heathen Army of the Vikings. Southwark was also known as the Borough due to be it being an incorporated (nationally represented) Borough from 1295. From 1550 to 1899 it was administered as part of the City of London and referred to as the ward of Bridge Without . In 1720, John Strype's 'Survey of London' described Southwark as one of

2881-518: The neighbouring districts of Camberwell (to the north), Crystal Palace , Denmark Hill , Forest Hill , Peckham , Sydenham Hill , and Tulse Hill . For the last four centuries Dulwich has been centred on the College of God's Gift , also known as the "Old College", which owned most of the land in the area today known as the Dulwich Estate . The College, founded with educational and charitable aims, established three large private schools in

2948-481: The only nonprescription lubricant laxative available, but due to the risk of lipid pneumonia resulting from accidental aspiration, mineral oil is not recommended, especially in children and infants. Mineral oil may decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and some minerals. Hyperosmotic laxatives cause the intestines to hold more water, creating an osmotic gradient , which adds more pressure and stimulates bowel movement. Properties Lactulose works by

3015-629: The price of £50,000 in 1885. At the time of opening in 1887, it offered a 723-bed capacity. It was transformed from an infirmary into the Southwark Military Hospital during World War I, when it is estimated 14,000–15,000 wounded soldiers were treated at the hospital. After the Poor Law was abolished in 1930, the Southwark Union Infirmary was renamed Dulwich Hospital and the following year an operating theatre

3082-508: The purposes of progress reporting on the London Plan , there was a south London sub-region in operation from 2004 to 2008 consisting of Bromley, Croydon, Kingston, Merton, Richmond and Sutton. In 2001 this area had a population of 1,329,000. This definition is used by organisations such as Connexions . Between 2008 and 2011 it was replaced with a South East sub-region consisting of Southwark, Lewisham, Greenwich, Bexley and Bromley and

3149-494: The same manner and form as when it was originally built. The Dulwich Wood and Sydenham Hill area contains mid-century housing estates designed by Austin Vernon and Partners for the Dulwich Estate . Examples include Peckarmans Wood and Great Brownings. All Saints Church, West Dulwich (Church of England) alongside Rosendale Road is a Victorian Gothic building, originally intended to be the cathedral for south London . The church

3216-591: The south than in areas north of the Thames . The opening of Westminster Bridge and other subsequent bridges to the west encouraged growth in the south-west, but only Tower Bridge was built to the east of London Bridge , so south-east London grew more slowly, at least until the Surrey Commercial Docks were built. The development of a dense network of railway lines in the mid nineteenth century significantly accelerated growth. The County of London

3283-493: The stool, making movement through the bowels easier. Properties Emollient agents prevent constipation rather than treating long-term constipation. Lubricant laxatives are substances that coat the stool with slippery lipids and decrease colonic absorption of water so the stool slides through the colon more easily. Lubricant laxatives also increase the weight of stool and decrease intestinal transit time. Properties Mineral oils , such as liquid paraffin , are generally

3350-594: The suburbs instead. There are a number of recognised districts in Dulwich: Dulwich Village contains the original shopping street and still contains nearly all of its original 18th and 19th century buildings. It remains very uncommercialised and is a conservation zone. The village borders on Dulwich Park , where the Dulwich Horse and Motor Show is held every year. Dulwich is also home to Dulwich Hamlet F.C. , founded in 1893 and competing in

3417-472: The surrounding area, but secondly due to altitude decreasing towards the river, meaning the southern margins of south London are often a couple of degrees cooler than those areas adjacent to the Thames. Often snow can be seen to lie on the North Downs near Croydon when central London is snow free. The record high temperature at Greenwich is 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) recorded during August 2003. Sunshine

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3484-452: The then four distinct areas of London; in it he describes the City of London , Westminster (West London) , Southwark (South London) , and 'That Part Beyond the Tower' (East London) . The area now usually referred to as North London developed later. As late as the mid 18th century, however, there were no other bridges crossing the river and as a result urban growth was considerably slower in

3551-407: The transit of feces through the large intestine, which occurs after the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is already complete. Thus, studies of laxative abuse have found that effects on body weight reflect primarily temporary losses of body water rather than energy (calorie) loss. Physicians warn against the chronic use of stimulant laxatives due to concern that chronic use could cause

3618-523: The venue of the "Dulwich Poets". One of the area's most famous residents and architects was Sir George Frederick Ellyatt (founder of the architecture practice, Ellyatt & Porter). He was responsible for the design or influence of in excess of 25 homes in the area, each built in its own individual style. One of the most notable homes was Crossways, 1 Dulwich Village, which he built as his own home following being granted permission to do so in January 1927 at

3685-735: The village. Dulwich has also been home to several Members of Parliament and senior Civil Servants . Margaret Thatcher bought a house in a "gated community" in Dulwich after her time as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . Edward George, Baron George , governor of the Bank of England and himself an Old Alleynian , lived in Gilkes Crescent just off the Village until his retirement. Ian McColl, Baron McColl of Dulwich who served as John Major 's Parliamentary Private Secretary in

3752-514: The writings of Samuel Pepys ) was also buried here in 1768. The ground was declared "full" in 1858, however the family of Louisa Shroeder obtained special permission for her remains to be interred in 1868. The ground's wrought iron gates and twelve tombs are Grade II listed. The old Grammar School adjacent to the Old College and Almshouses at the junction of Burbage Road and Gallery Road was designed by Charles Barry (senior). Belair House on

3819-667: Was also murdered in Dulwich Woods; he was buried in Dulwich Old Cemetery. 1811–1814 saw the building of the Dulwich Picture Gallery . The school founded by Alleyn expanded in 1842 into a small new building, designed by Sir Charles Barry who designed Westminster Palace , known as the Old Grammar School next to the Old College. In 1857, the foundation was restructured as part of a nationwide review of educational foundations; this resulted in

3886-486: Was built between 1888 and 1897 and designed by George Fellowes Prynne , a pupil of George Edmund Street . Although plans were scaled down it was still a huge building and is a Grade I listed building. Unfortunately it was gutted by a huge fire on 9 June 2000, the cause remains unknown. The building reopened in April 2006 after a three-year restoration project. St Barnabas' Church (Church of England) lies on Calton Avenue at

3953-493: Was built. In 1964, the hospital was aligned with King's College Hospital on Denmark Hill. There is no casualty department at Dulwich at present. However, in 2015 it was announced that Dulwich Hospital was to be closed and replaced by a school. There is a memorial fountain in Dulwich Village which is in remembrance to Dr George Webster, founder of the first British Medical Association (BMA), who worked in Dulwich from 1815 until his death in 1875. Old Burial Ground, Dulwich Village,

4020-471: Was created by Edward Alleyn as part of the foundation of his College of God's Gift. The Archbishop of Canterbury, George Abbot , conducted the consecration on Sunday 1 September 1616. Guests included Edmund Bowyer , Thomas Grimes and William Gresham . Thirty five Dulwich victims of the plague were buried in unmarked graves in the ground. Old Bridget, queen of the Norwood Gypsies (who appeared in

4087-680: Was cut soon after 1732 by Francis Cox to connect his establishment of the Green Man Tavern and Dulwich Wells with the more popular Sydenham Wells . By 1815 the Green Man had become a school known as Dr. Glennie 's academy in Dulwich Grove, although it was demolished about ten years later. Among the pupils here there were a few who became well known, Lord Byron , General Le Marchant and Captain Barclay . Dr Glennie held Saturday evening concerts which attracted visitors from outside

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4154-613: Was dead on arrival at King's College Hospital. The Village has also long been popular with people in show business; Ronnie Corbett lived there for years. Carl Barât , Libertines lead singer, lives on Lordship Lane. Ronnie Reed , who ran double agents during the Second World War , and was an MI5 officer from 1940 to 1976, lived in Court Lane Gardens from 1960 to 1995. Huw Edwards , the former BBC News at Ten newsreader, resides in Dulwich. Actor Iain Glen also lives in

4221-413: Was destroyed in the blitz in 1941; footballer Trevor Sinclair in 1973; the actor Tim Roth in 1961; the television personality Lisa Vanderpump in 1960; actress Sally Hawkins in 1976 and actor Angus Castle-Doughty in 1995. In 1980, Bon Scott , the lead singer of AC/DC , after a night's heavy drinking, was found lifeless in a car outside 67 Overhill Road, East Dulwich. He was rushed to hospital but

4288-498: Was formed in 1899, which incorporated these boroughs south of the river: Wandsworth, Lambeth, Battersea, Camberwell, Southwark, Bermondsey, Deptford, Lewisham, Greenwich and Woolwich. During the first half of the 20th century, towns in the Home Counties such as Kingston, Croydon and Bromley gradually coalesced with South London, until Greater London was formed in 1965. A significant feature of south London's economic geography

4355-519: Was found to be more effective than lactulose. Some of the less significant adverse effects of laxative abuse include dehydration (which causes tremors, weakness, fainting, blurred vision, kidney damage), low blood pressure , fast heart rate , postural dizziness and fainting ; however, laxative abuse can lead to potentially fatal acid-base , and electrolyte imbalances . For example, severe hypokalaemia has been associated with distal renal tubular acidosis from laxative abuse. Metabolic alkalosis

4422-766: Was opened in 1890. It was formerly farmland, part of the Court Farm, and now offers duck and rowing ponds, children's play area, bowling green, tennis court, bridle path for horse-riding, and a café. Dulwich Hospital in East Dulwich Grove was designed by Henry Jarvis and built on 7 acres (28,000 m) of land purchased in East Dulwich by the Guardians of the Poor of the Parish of St Saviour, Southwark, for

4489-451: Was to start with existing regions of England and then group the local authorities within that area into sub-regions for further sub-division. The south London sub-region included the 11 boroughs which lay south of the river, plus the parts of cross-river Richmond upon Thames that did so. An earlier 2013 study, whose recommendations were not adopted, took a different approach by including all of Richmond in its south London sub-region. For

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