JMdict (Japanese–Multilingual Dictionary) is a large machine-readable multilingual Japanese dictionary . As of March 2023, it contains Japanese – English translations for around 199,000 entries, representing 282,000 unique headword-reading combinations. The dictionary files are free to use with attribution ( Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike) and have been widely adopted on the Internet and are used in many computer and smartphone applications. The project is considered a standard Japanese–English reference on the Internet and is used by the Unihan Database and several other Japanese–English projects.
5-552: The JMdict project was started by computational linguist Jim Breen in 1991 with the creation of EDICT (a plain text flat file in EUC-JP encoding), which was later expanded to a UTF-8 -encoded XML file in 1999 as JMdict. The XML format allows for multiple surface forms of lexemes and multiple readings, as well as cross-references and annotations. It permits glosses in other languages and contains French, German, Russian, etc. translations for many entries. The original EDICT format
10-640: A version of JMdict includes example sentences selected from the Tatoeba Corpus. EDICT has inspired other projects, including the CEDICT Chinese dictionary project started by Paul Denisowski in 1997, and the Japanese–German dictionary Wadoku [ de ] . Jim Breen James William Breen (born 1947) is a Research Fellow at Monash University in Australia , where he
15-481: Is still being generated for systems that rely on that format. An expanded version, EDICT2, which permits an entry to contain multiple headwords and readings as well as cross-references and additional fields, is also produced and is used by several systems including the server for WWWJDIC , Breen's own online dictionary search tool. Versions of JMdict are also produced in the XML format used by Apple's "Dict" application and in
20-649: The EPWING /JIS X 4081 format used by many Japanese electronic dictionary systems. Since 1991, JMdict has been updated and expanded by many contributors. Since 2000, the JMdict project has been managed by the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group (EDRDG). In 2010, maintenance of the dictionary was moved to an online database system. The dictionary is managed by an editorial board including Breen and eight other editors. From June 2021,
25-808: Was a professor in the area of IT and telecommunications before his retirement in 2003. He holds a BSc in mathematics, an MBA and a PhD in computational linguistics , all from the University of Melbourne . He is well known for his involvement in several popular free Japanese -related projects: the EDICT and JMDict Japanese–English dictionaries, the KANJIDIC kanji dictionary, and the WWWJDIC portal which provides an interface to search them. His EDICT dictionary and WWWJDIC server have been described as "reliable and close to comprehensive". The 195,000-term lexicon
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