A subsidiary , subsidiary company or daughter company is a company owned or controlled by another company, which is called the parent company or holding company , which has legal and financial control over the company. Two or more subsidiaries that either belong to the same parent company or having a same management being substantially controlled by same entity/group are called sister companies . The subsidiary will be required to follow the laws where it is headquartered and incorporated. It will also maintain its own executive leadership.
22-604: (Redirected from ERGO Insurance Group ) Insurance group headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany [REDACTED] This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these messages ) [REDACTED] This article contains promotional content . Please help improve it by removing promotional language and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic text written from
44-405: A corporate , although this term can also apply to cooperating companies and their subsidiaries with varying degrees of shared ownership. A parent company does not have to be the larger or "more powerful" entity; it is possible for the parent company to be smaller than a subsidiary, such as DanJaq , a closely held family company, which controls Eon Productions , the large corporation which manages
66-875: A neutral point of view . ( May 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) [REDACTED] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Ergo Group" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( May 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) ERGO Group ERGO Versicherungsgruppe [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Company type Subsidiary Industry Financial services Founded 1997 Headquarters Düsseldorf , Germany Key people Markus Rieß (Chairman of
88-529: A common feature of modern business life, and most multinational corporations organize their operations in this way. Examples of holding companies are Berkshire Hathaway , Jefferies Financial Group , The Walt Disney Company , Warner Bros. Discovery , or Citigroup ; more focused companies include IBM , Xerox , and Microsoft . These, and others, organize their businesses into national and functional subsidiaries, often with multiple levels of subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are separate, distinct legal entities for
110-487: A definition that provides that "control" is "the capacity of an entity to dominate decision-making, directly or indirectly, in relation to the financial and operating policies of another entity so as to enable that other entity to operate with it in pursuing the objectives of the controlling entity". This definition was adapted in the Australian Corporations Act 2001 : s 50AA. Furthermore, it can be
132-404: A joint arrangement (joint operation or joint venture) over which two or more parties have joint control (IFRS 11 para 4). Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. The Companies Act 2006 contains two definitions: one of "subsidiary" and
154-432: A judgment against the parent if they can pierce the corporate veil and prove that the parent and subsidiary are mere alter egos of one another. Thus any copyrights, trademarks, and patents remain with the subsidiary until the parent shuts down the subsidiary. Ownership of a subsidiary is usually achieved by owning a majority of its shares . This gives the parent the necessary votes to elect their nominees as directors of
176-503: A promotional tone from May 2011 All articles with a promotional tone Articles needing additional references from May 2011 All articles needing additional references Articles with multiple maintenance issues Official website different in Wikidata and Misplaced Pages Subsidiary The subsidiary can be a company (usually with limited liability ) and may be a government-owned or state-owned enterprise . They are
198-462: A subsidiary undertaking, if: The broader definition of "subsidiary undertaking" is applied to the accounting provisions of the Companies Act 2006, while the definition of "subsidiary" is used for general purposes. In Oceania , the accounting standards defined the circumstances in which one entity controls another. In doing so, they largely abandoned the legal control concepts in favour of
220-1107: A useful part of the company that allows every head of the company to apply new projects and latest rules. Q541909#identifiers Look for Q541909 on one of Misplaced Pages's sister projects : [REDACTED] Wiktionary (dictionary) [REDACTED] Wikibooks (textbooks) [REDACTED] Wikiquote (quotations) [REDACTED] Wikisource (library) [REDACTED] Wikiversity (learning resources) [REDACTED] Commons (media) [REDACTED] Wikivoyage (travel guide) [REDACTED] Wikinews (news source) [REDACTED] Wikidata (linked database) [REDACTED] Wikispecies (species directory) Misplaced Pages does not have an article with this exact name. Please search for Q541909 in Misplaced Pages to check for alternative titles or spellings. You need to log in or create an account and be autoconfirmed to create new articles. Alternatively, you can use
242-1002: Is a subsidiary/child company of the ultimate parent company, while a second-tier subsidiary is a subsidiary of a first-tier subsidiary: a "grandchild" of the main parent company. Consequently, a third-tier subsidiary is a subsidiary of a second-tier subsidiary—a "great-grandchild" of the main parent company. The ownership structure of the small British specialist company Ford Component Sales, which sells Ford components to specialist car manufacturers and OEM manufacturers, such as Morgan Motor Company and Caterham Cars , illustrates how multiple levels of subsidiaries are used in large corporations: The word "control" and its derivatives (subsidiary and parent) may have different meanings in different contexts. These concepts may have different meanings in various areas of law (e.g. corporate law , competition law , capital markets law ) or in accounting . For example, if Company A purchases shares in Company B, it
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#1732791237857264-497: Is possible that the transaction is not subject to merger control (because Company A had been deemed to already control Company B before the share purchase, under competition law rules), but at the same time Company A may be required to start consolidating Company B into its financial statements under the relevant accounting rules (because it had been treated as a joint venture before the purchase for accounting purposes). Control can be direct (e.g., an ultimate parent company controls
286-470: The James Bond franchise. Conversely, the parent may be larger than some or all of its subsidiaries (if it has more than one), as the relationship is defined by control of ownership shares, not the number of employees. The parent and the subsidiary do not necessarily have to operate in the same locations or operate the same businesses. Not only is it possible that they could conceivably be competitors in
308-462: The article wizard to submit a draft for review, or request a new article . Search for " Q541909 " in existing articles. Look for pages within Misplaced Pages that link to this title . Other reasons this message may be displayed: If a page was recently created here, it may not be visible yet because of a delay in updating the database; wait a few minutes or try the purge function . Titles on Misplaced Pages are case sensitive except for
330-714: The Management Board) Nikolaus von Bomhard (Chairman of the Supervisory Board) Products Reinsurance , insurance Revenue [REDACTED] €20.098 billion (2023) Parent Munich Re Website www.ergo.com ERGO ( ERGO Group ) is a group of insurance companies owned by Munich Re . ERGO is one of the largest insurance groups in Europe. It operates in over 20 countries, especially in Europe and Asia. In Europe, ERGO claims to be number 1 in
352-453: The first-tier subsidiary directly) or indirect (e.g., an ultimate parent company controls second and lower tiers of subsidiaries indirectly, through first-tier subsidiaries). Recital 31 of Directive 2013/34/EU stipulates that control should be based on holding a majority of voting rights, but control may also exist where there are agreements with fellow shareholders or members. In certain circumstances, control may be effectively exercised where
374-1041: The health and legal expenses insurance segments, and in its home market of Germany it is among the market leaders. It has over 40,000 full-time employees. References [ edit ] ^ "Our key financial figures" , www.ergo.com External links [ edit ] Official website [REDACTED] Companies portal Authority control databases [REDACTED] International ISNI VIAF National Germany Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ergo_Group&oldid=1243629264 " Categories : 1997 establishments in Germany Financial services companies established in 1997 Insurance companies of Germany Companies based in Düsseldorf Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Articles with
396-555: The marketplace, but such arrangements happen frequently at the end of a hostile takeover or voluntary merger. Also, because a parent company and a subsidiary are separate entities, it is entirely possible for one of them to be involved in legal proceedings, bankruptcy, tax delinquency, indictment or under investigation while the other is not. In descriptions of larger corporate structures, the terms "first-tier subsidiary", "second-tier subsidiary", "third-tier subsidiary", etc. describe multiple levels of subsidiaries. A first-tier subsidiary
418-482: The other "subsidiary undertaking". According to s.1159 of the Act, a company is a "subsidiary" of another company, its "holding company", if that other company: The second definition is broader. According to s.1162 of the Companies Act 2006, an undertaking is a parent undertaking in relation to another undertaking, a subsidiary undertaking, if: An undertaking is also a parent undertaking in relation to another undertaking,
440-471: The parent holds a minority or none of the shares in the subsidiary. According to Article 22 of the directive 2013/34/EU an undertaking is a parent if it: Additionally, control may arise when: Under the international accounting standards adopted by the EU a company is deemed to control another company only if it has all the following: A subsidiary can have only one parent; otherwise, the subsidiary is, in fact,
462-430: The purposes of taxation , regulation and liability . For this reason, they differ from divisions which are businesses fully integrated within the main company, and not legally or otherwise distinct from it. In other words, a subsidiary can sue and be sued separately from its parent and its obligations will not normally be the obligations of its parent. However, creditors of an insolvent subsidiary may be able to obtain
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#1732791237857484-460: The subsidiary, and so exercise control. This gives rise to the common presumption that 50% plus one share is enough to create a subsidiary. There are, however, other ways that control can come about, and the exact rules both as to what control is needed, and how it is achieved, can be complex (see below). A subsidiary may itself have subsidiaries, and these, in turn, may have subsidiaries of their own. A parent and all its subsidiaries together are called
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