39-491: Emerson Collective is an organization focused on education, immigration reform, the environment, media and journalism, and health. Founded by billionaire philanthropist Laurene Powell Jobs , the collective, which operates under a limited liability company (LLC) model, uses philanthropy, impact investing , advocacy, and community engagement as tools to broadly spur change in the United States and abroad. The organization
78-513: A Hochschule , which is the generic term in Germany for all institutions awarding academic degrees. Fachhochschule is often translated as "University of Applied Sciences". Universitäten place greater emphasis on fundamental science and background in theory, while Fachhochschulen are generally designed with a focus on teaching professional skills. Degrees earned at Universitäten and Fachhochschulen are legally equivalent. In Germany,
117-407: A natural foods company that sold to retailers throughout Northern California . She also served on the board of directors of Achieva, which created online tools to help students prepare for standardized testing . Before business school, Powell Jobs worked for Merrill Lynch Asset Management and spent three years at Goldman Sachs as a fixed-income trading strategist. On October 5, 2011, at
156-556: A nonprofit committed to curbing gun violence in Chicago through counseling, training, and matching young men with jobs. In 2017 and 2018, Emerson Collective supported the immigration-focused work of the artist JR , and helped bring Alejandro González Iñárritu 's Academy Award -winning, virtual reality experience Carne Y Arena to Washington, D.C. In 2019, Emerson Collective led a round of funding for Boom Supersonic, an aerospace company that aims to make supersonic commercial flight
195-587: A "View from the Top" lecture at Stanford Business School . Laurene Powell was a new MBA student and started up a conversation with Jobs, who was seated next to her. They subsequently had dinner together that night. A year and a half later, on March 18, 1991, they married in a traditional buddhist wedding ceremony at the Ahwahnee Hotel in Yosemite National Park . Presiding over the wedding
234-601: A $ 50 million project to create high schools with new approaches to education. Called XQ: The Super School Project , the initiative aims to inspire teams of educators, students, and community leaders to create and implement new plans for high schools. Efforts include altering school schedules, curriculums and technologies in order to replace the country's century-old high school education model. Funding for XQ comes from Powell Jobs' Emerson Collective. Following an initial $ 50 million financial contribution, XQ announced an additional contribution, awarding ten schools $ 10 million each, for
273-456: A BA or BSc degree. However, some older or ancient universities , such as Oxford , Cambridge , and Trinity College Dublin traditionally award BAs to undergraduates having completed the final examinations, e.g., Part II Tripos (Cambridge), Final Honour Schools (Oxford), Moderator-ship (Dublin), in most subjects including the sciences. Some new plate glass universities established in the 1960s, such as York and Lancaster , originally followed
312-762: A father. As of 2023, she is an investor in California Forever , a company building a planned sustainable city in Solano County, California . In 1997, Powell Jobs and Carlos Watson co-founded College Track, a nonprofit organization in East Palo Alto to improve high school graduation, college enrollment, and college graduation rates for "underserved" students. Of College Track's high school graduates, many of whom are first-generation college students, about 90 percent attend four-year colleges, and 70 percent finish college in six years, whereas
351-416: A longer time period. This is due to factors such as the student's ability, motivation, and access to financial assistance to earn the degree. Just like other baccalaureate degrees, a Bachelor of Arts is historically offered only at public and private universities and colleges. A Bachelor of Arts, just like other bachelor's degrees, is an admission requirement for graduate and professional school. Beginning in
390-729: A master's degree. Along with the Bachelor of Science (B.S.), the Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) is the most commonly granted degree in the US. A B.A. degree is earned after the completion of four years of undergraduate college level study. The Bachelor of Science is abbreviated with periods i.e., B.S., and the Bachelor of Arts is abbreviated as B.A. Most US colleges and universities offer undergraduate programs. In colleges and universities in Australia, Nepal, New Zealand, India and South Africa,
429-508: A previous relationship. Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A. , BA , A.B. or AB ; from the Latin baccalaureus artium , baccalaureus in artibus , or artium baccalaureus ) is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts , or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four years, depending on
SECTION 10
#1732798198887468-521: A realization again, and its proposed 55-passenger business-class transport. Laurene Powell Jobs Laurene Powell Jobs ( née Powell ; born November 6, 1963) is an American billionaire businesswoman executive and philanthropist. She is the widow of Steve Jobs , who was the co-founder and former CEO of Apple Inc. , and she manages the Steve Jobs Trust. She is the founder and chair of Emerson Collective and XQ Institute . She
507-468: A stake in Axios . In 2013, Powell Jobs was an early investor in, and board member of, Ozy . In addition, Ozy credited her as a "contributor." In the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Powell Jobs donated $ 2 million to Hillary Clinton and raised a further $ 4 million for her. In 2017, Powell Jobs purchased a 20 percent stake in the ownership group Monumental Sports & Entertainment , which holds
546-400: A third class honours degree (for example, BA with distinction, merit or pass). A Bachelor of Arts is entitled to the post-nominal letters BA for an ordinary or pass degree and BA (Hons) for an honours degree. (However, graduates entitled to use the "Hons" post-nominal very rarely do so in practice.) The academic dress worn by honours and non-honours graduates is identical. An honours degree
585-481: A total financial contribution of $ 100 million. The schools were chosen from approximately 700 submissions nationwide. Powell Jobs's team of advisors is led by Russlynn H. Ali. Powell Jobs is a founding member of the Climate Leadership Council . As of 2018, Powell Jobs sits on the board of directors of College Track, Conservation International, and Stanford University. She is chair of
624-765: Is a major donor to Democratic Party politicians. Powell Jobs was raised in West Milford, New Jersey . She earned a B.A. in political science from the University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences and a B.S. degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1985. She received her MBA degree from the Stanford Graduate School of Business in 1991. Powell Jobs co-founded Terravera,
663-431: Is always awarded in one of four classes, depending upon the marks gained in the final assessments and examinations. The top students are awarded a first-class degree, followed by an upper second-class degree (usually referred to as a 2:1), a lower second-class degree (usually referred to as a 2:2), and those who pass with the lowest marks gain a third-class degree. An ordinary, pass or unclassified degree (which does not give
702-468: Is considered to be one of the leading groups engaged in philanthrocapitalism . Emerson Collective was founded in 2004 by Laurene Powell Jobs in Palo Alto, California . Named after transcendentalist writer Ralph Waldo Emerson , the organization says its mission is to do the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people. In 1997, Powell Jobs had co-founded, together with Carlos Watson ,
741-559: The nonprofit organization College Track, a college completion program to combat the achievement gap among students of color. When Emerson Collective was established in 2004, grants and investments largely focused on the education sector. When Powell Jobs began learning more about the challenges plaguing immigrant students, particularly those whose undocumented status made it difficult to attend college, Emerson Collective broadened its portfolio to include immigration reform and advocacy. Powell Jobs and Emerson Collective were strong advocates of
780-790: The 1990s, junior colleges started to confer their own baccalaureate degrees. In addition to the standard BA degrees, there are career-specific Bachelor of Arts degrees, including Bachelor of Arts in Functional English , Bachelor of Arts in Administration , Bachelor of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies , and Regents Bachelor of Arts . The Bachelor of Arts degree has been prominent in academics for centuries. It influenced universities to begin focusing on broad topics such as algebra , psychology , biology , art , history , and philosophy . This aspect of
819-557: The BA course normally lasts between three and three and a half years—six or seven semesters—and the degree is awarded after the student earns between 180 and 210 ECTS . In the Netherlands, the BA and Master of Arts (MA) degrees were introduced in 2002. Until then, a single program led to the doctorandus degree (abbreviated drs.), which comprised the same course load as the bachelor's and master's programs combined. The title doctorandus
SECTION 20
#1732798198887858-399: The BA degree can be taken over three years of full-time study. Students must pursue at least one major area of study and units from that subject are usually studied in each year, though sometimes students may choose to complete upper-level classes in the same year and as a result, can leave space for elective subjects from a different field. At some universities, students may choose to pursue
897-530: The BA degree has been consistent in its history. The Bachelor of Arts degree was formed out of the study of liberal arts . Liberal art is a term that was applied to the study of many branches of learning such as grammar , logic , rhetoric , arithmetic , geometry , astronomy , and music . The study of liberal arts started during the Middle Ages . During the Renaissance , the term liberal art
936-508: The NBA's Washington Wizards , NHL's Washington Capitals , and Capital One Arena . She was the second-largest shareholder behind chairman Ted Leonsis . Also in 2017, she backed the founding of the political organization ACRONYM , which raised ethical questions for Powell Jobs for its creation of Courier Newsroom . In 2018, she stated that the book Small Fry by her stepdaughter Lisa Brennan contains false information about Steve Jobs as
975-683: The affiliate XQ Institute , a nonprofit dedicated to rethinking American public high school. In 2015, Emerson Collective became the lead investor in education technology company Amplify . In 2016, Andy Karsner joined Emerson Collective to launch Emerson Elemental, a practice dedicated to investments in the environmental and clean energy space. Karsner previously served in the United States Department of Energy as Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy . In 2016, former U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan joined Emerson Collective to launch Chicago CRED ,
1014-648: The age of 56, Steve Jobs , the CEO of Apple, died due to complications from a relapse of islet cell neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer . Powell Jobs inherited the Steven P. Jobs Trust, which as of May 2013 had a 7.3% stake in The Walt Disney Company worth about $ 12.1 billion, and 38.5 million shares of Apple Inc. As of July 2020 , Powell Jobs and her family were ranked 59th in the Forbes ' annual list of
1053-491: The board of directors of XQ and also sits on the chairman's advisory board of the Council on Foreign Relations . In 2023, she was ranked as the 25th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes . Powell Jobs's philanthropy has been described as of limited "transparency and accountability." In 2019, Powell Jobs was designated the "Least Transparent Mega-Giver" by Inside Philanthropy . In October 1989, Steve Jobs gave
1092-510: The country and institution. The Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree is an undergraduate postsecondary degree that puts a focus on liberal arts and studies. In comparison, a Bachelor of Science (BS) has a greater focus on science, math, and engineering. The Bachelor of Arts degree is a type of baccalaureate degree . A Bachelor of Arts degree is usually completed in four years: that is, it requires four years of full-time coursework during term time. However, just as with other degrees, some may require
1131-405: The creation of President Barack Obama 's Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program and have continued to push for permanent legislation to provide "Dreamers" with a path to citizenship. In October 2016, she wrote the article "Immigrants Fuel Innovation. Let's Not Waste Their Potential" for WIRED . In 2015, Emerson Collective's Managing Director of Education Russlynn H. Ali launched
1170-594: The final secondary school exams in France and Spain (and of the International Baccalaureate ) come from this: le Baccalauréat and el Bachillerato , respectively. The ancient universities of Scotland award a Master of Arts degree to humanities or arts graduates, but a BSc to science graduates. This course takes four years for an honours degree and three for an ordinary. In Scotland, one can opt to take an ordinary degree, which ranks below
1209-458: The graduate the right to add '(Hons)') may be awarded if a student has completed (i) followed a non-honours program, or (b) attempted an honours course but marginally failed to achieve third-class standard. Education in Canada is controlled by the provinces and can be very different depending on the province. While all Canadian universities offer four-year degrees, it is not uncommon, depending on
Emerson Collective - Misplaced Pages Continue
1248-548: The master's degree (post-nominal letters) in accordance with the new standard. When attaining a master level/graduate degree, it is still customary to use either drs. pre-nominally or MA/MSc post-nominally at the discretion of the holder. In the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland) and Ireland, the first degree course normally lasts three years, but nomenclature varies: 19th-century and later universities usually distinguish between arts and sciences subjects by awarding either
1287-620: The national average for first-generation college students is 24 percent. College Track has facilities in East Palo Alto , Sacramento , San Francisco , Oakland , Watts , Boyle Heights , New Orleans , Aurora, Colorado , Denver , and the Washington, D.C. , area. "We have a wait list of five cities where we'd like to open up centers," Powell Jobs has said. "We want to keep our standards high, though, and are reluctant to grow through franchising or through dissemination of our curriculum and training." In September 2015, Powell Jobs launched
1326-446: The practice of Oxford and Cambridge by awarding BAs in all subjects, but have since changed to awarding BSc degrees in science subjects. At Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin the degree of MA can be claimed, usually twenty-one terms after matriculation , without any further study. For many centuries, the bachelor's degree was an intermediate step and was awarded for much of the work carried out in later times at secondary schools. The names of
1365-404: The province and the university for a three-year general degree to also be offered as an option. In many universities and colleges, Bachelor of Arts degrees are differentiated either as BA or as honours BA degrees. Honours programs require more education than non-honours programs, typically a specialization beyond the requirements of a BA, and can often be used as a gateway to a PhD program, bypassing
1404-716: The world's billionaires and 30th in the Forbes 400. According to the same list, she is the wealthiest woman in the technology industry. In 1997, Powell Jobs co-founded College Track together with Carlos Watson . In 2004, Powell Jobs founded the Emerson Collective , a private company structured as a Limited Liability Company that supports social entrepreneurs and organizations working in education and immigration reform, social justice, media, and journalism and conservation through partnerships, grants, and investments. Through Emerson, Powell Jobs owns The Atlantic and
1443-491: Was Kōbun Chino Otogawa , a Zen Buddhist monk . Powell Jobs resides in Palo Alto, California . In 2024, she purchased the most expensive residential property in San Francisco worth $ 70 million. She and Steve Jobs had three children together: son Reed (born September 1991) and daughters Erin (born 1995) and Eve (born 1998). Laurene is also the stepmother of Lisa Brennan-Jobs (born 1978), Steve's daughter from
1482-442: Was meant to describe general studies more broadly. This definition of liberal studies remains to this day. In Japan and the United States, Bachelor of Arts degrees were historically given only by public or private institutions and colleges. In Germany, university-level education usually happens in either a Universität (plural: Universitäten ) or a Fachhochschule (plural: Fachhochschulen ); both can be referred to as
1521-437: Was used in almost all fields of study; other titles were used for legal studies ( meester , Dutch for master, abbreviated Mr. ) and engineering ( ingenieur , abbreviated Ir. for academic masters level or ING. for higher vocational bachelor's level). Those who had already started the doctorandus program could, on completing it, opt for the doctorandus degree (entitling them to use "drs." in front of their name) or could use
#886113