33-434: East Kameng district is one of districts of Arunachal Pradesh state in northeastern, India . It shares an international border with China in the north and district borders with West Kameng district to the west, Pakke-Kessang district to the south, Kurung Kumey district to the east, Papum Pare district to the southeast. Pakke-Kessang district was bifurcated from East Kameng district on 1 December 2018. The area around
66-684: A literacy rate of 62.48%. East Kameng is inhabited by various tribes of similar origin but with distinct cultures and beliefs, practising the Donyi-Polo religion. The most populous of these, the Nishi , are scattered throughout the entire district. Other tribes, especially the Miji , Puroik and the Aka , are found in regions near the Kameng river . Since independence, much of the population has relocated to
99-412: A knife ( chighi ) in a bamboo sheath that are mostly covered with animal furs. Their ornaments consist of a spear with an iron head, a large sword ( uryu ), and a bow and arrows which are tipped with poison ( um-yu ). During war both the chest and back are covered with shields made from sabbe buffalo hide, and over it they wear a black cloak made of indigenous fibre. The Nyishi women generally wear
132-621: A linguistic team of David Harrison , Gregory Anderson , and Ganesh Murmu while documenting two Hruso languages (Aka and Miji) as part of National Geographic 's "Enduring Voices" project. It was apparently noticed by earlier researchers. The whole district is in picturesque hills covered with greenery. Tourist attractions in the district are in Papu Valley along the Papu River , among those Chayangtajo 48 km north and Bameng 81 km north of Seppo are hill stations connected by
165-434: A market based exchange economy. Traditionally, Nyishi plaited their hair and tie it neatly at the forehead with locally-made thread. A brass skewer passes horizontally through the tied hair. Cane rings were worn around the waist, arms and legs. Men wore a cane helmet surmounted with the beak of the great Indian hornbill . The usage of actual hornbill beaks is discouraged these days due to tough wildlife protection laws since
198-528: A motorable road. Kameng River is popular for fishing, which requires a fishing license from the district administration. Papu Valley is one of the most spectacular places in the district. Papu Valley got its name from the snake-like curvy streams of the Papu River. A vast field of rice covers the whole area of Papu Valley. Some of the major villages in this valley are Sede , Seba , Nere etc. Districts of Arunachal Pradesh As of February 2024 ,
231-406: A sleeveless mantle of striped or plain cloth, its upper part tucked tightly over the breast and enveloping the body from the armpits to the centre of the calves addition with different colour tops worn underneath among which red (jwle / jwlang) is generally used . A ribbon is tied at the waist. A girdle consisting of metal disks, beads, and cane garters is worn at the waist. Their hair is parted in
264-523: Is administered by its own Deputy Commissioner, and contains the three circles of Itanagar , Naharlagun , and Banderdewa. In January 2013 the Arunachal Pradesh government approved in principle the creation of a "Capital district". The capital complex is currently treated as its own district by some government departments, the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises for example, and
297-480: Is distantly related, with distinct words for basic vocabulary. Although it has resemblances to Tani further to the east, it appears to be a separate branch of Tibeto-Burman. Koro is unlike any language in the various branches of the Tibeto-Burman family. Researchers hypothesize it may have originated from a group of people enslaved and brought to the area. Koro was recognized as a separate language in 2010 by
330-630: Is the staple food of the people, supplemented by fish, meat of various animals, edible tubers. Before a Western market economic system arrived, they used a barter system. They greatly valued the generalized reciprocity and also balance reciprocity in their economic system. A locally-made drink known as upo (the two types of upo : pone , made of rice, and polin which is made of millet) is served at every social gatherings and important events. The Nyishis are typically fond of it. Traditional ways of preparing them include fermentation, steaming, roasting and smoking. Recently they have been forced to move towards
363-470: The 2011 census East Kameng district has a population of 78,690, roughly equal to the nation of Dominica . This gives it a ranking of 624th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 19 inhabitants per square kilometre (49/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 37.14%. East Kameng has a sex ratio of 1,012 females for every 1,000 males, and
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#1732780436424396-618: The Indian Police Service . List of districts, clockwise starting from west, is as follows: Proposed new districts listed clockwise starting from west: Nishi (tribe) Nyishi community is the largest ethnic group in Arunachal Pradesh in north-eastern India . The Nyishi language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family, however, the origin is disputed. Their population of around 300,000 makes them
429-655: The Kameng river has at various times come under the control and influence of the Mon kingdom, Tibet, and the Ahom kingdom . Aka and Nishi chiefs would exert control over the area whenever no major political powers dominated the area. The Kameng Frontier Division was renamed the Kameng District. The Political Officer was also redesignated as the Deputy Commissioner of Kameng. However, for political reasons,
462-603: The Arunachal Pradesh State portal in particular. But the Arunachal Pradesh reorganization of district Act of 1980 with the latest amendments from 2024 does not list Itanagar capital complex as a district. The districts of Arunachal Pradesh state are administrative geographical units, each headed by a deputy commissioner, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service and a superintendent of police, an officer belonging to
495-673: The Dafla Hill range, located in the northern part of the Papum Pare district. Previously, they were referred to as Dafla, a term replaced by "Nyishi" through the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Amendment) Act of 2008. They are spread across eight districts of Arunachal Pradesh : Kra Daadi , Kurung Kumey , East Kameng , West Kameng , Papum Pare , Keyi Panyor , parts of Lower Subansiri , Kamle , and Pakke Kessang district. The Kurung Kumey and Kra Daadi districts have
528-643: The Genealogy of the Nyishi Tribe, In Nyishi , Nyi refers to "a human" and the word shi denotes "here, this or being", thereby Nyishi means human being or this human. The Nyishis are mentioned as the Dafla people in the contemporary Ahom documents and consequently, the British documents and historians of the post-independence period also used the same term. The Nyishi are geographically concentrated around
561-462: The Indian state Arunachal Pradesh comprised 27 districts, not including Itanagar capital complex, with more districts proposed. Most of the districts are inhabited by various tribal groups . The latest and presently valid official map of districts of Arunachal Pradesh, after the most recent new districts were last announced on 30 August 2018, is in the external links. Itanagar capital complex
594-530: The Kameng district was bifurcated between East Kameng and West Kameng on 1 June 1980. Before the bifurcation, East Kameng district occupied an area of 4,134 square kilometres (1,596 sq mi), comparatively equivalent to Alaska 's Unimak Island . Like West Kameng , the East Kameng climate ranges from arid in the tundra of the north through a cool temperate climate to a humid subtropical climate in
627-670: The district capital, Seppa. With the coming of modernism, festivals such as the Sarok of the Aka , Nyokum of the Nishi , Jonglam-Ponklam and Chindang of the Miji and the Gumkum-Gumpa are celebrated in full flair in Seppa. Religion in East Kameng District (2011) The Nishi is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by approximately 800–1200 people in the East Kameng district who live among the Aka (Hruso) , but their language
660-401: The great Indian hornbill is a protected species and generally due to growing awareness among the people as well. Nowadays It is being supplemented by beaks made of cane or other materials and the entire headgear/cane helmet itself is readily available in the market for purchase. Additional decorations varied depending upon the status of the person and were symbols of manly valor. The clothing of
693-566: The hornbill beak in Nyishi dress. Hornbill Nest Adoption Program(HNAB) has been going on since 2011, which is a community led conservation initiative through which local tribal villagers protect nest trees of hornbills in forests around villages on the fringe of the Pakke Tiger Reserve. The hunters from Nyishi tribe are now protectors who try to save the hornbill population, due to which hornbill populations have been doing well inside
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#1732780436424726-666: The land, crops like barley and rice are planted, and fruit trees are planted to make orchards. Fishing activities first started between 1965–66 and gained momentum in November 1980, when the Fishery Department first started functioning independently. As of today, the Fishery development activities are headed by a District Fishery Development Officer, originally the Superintendent of Fisheries. However, this department
759-627: The largest concentration of Nyishi population. The Nyishis also live in the Sonitpur and North Lakhimpur districts of Assam . The Nyishi are agriculturalists who practice jhum , known as rët rung-o in Nyishi , which is a form of shifting cultivation. The principal crops raised include paddy (rice), toppu ( maize ), mekung ( cucumber ), tak-yi ( ginger ), aeng ( yams ) and temi ( millet ), thumpe (pumpkin) , perring ( bean ) and some leafy vegetables as their self-subsistence products. Rice
792-500: The men consists of two types of sleeveless shirts (letum) and with black and white stripe (pomo) made from thick cotton cloth, striped gaily with blue and red together with a mantle of cotton or wool fastened around the throat and shoulders. Strings made of beads in varying sizes and colours are also worn, mainly for decoration purposes and to show the wearer's status. They also carry a machete or dao ( uryu ) in Nyishi) ( short sword ) and
825-530: The middle, plaited and tied into a chignon just above the nape. Their ornaments include multicolored bead necklaces, brass chains, metal bells, huge brass or silver earrings and heavy bracelets of various metals. Nyokum, Boori-Boot, and Longte are the festivals celebrated by the Nyishi people, which commemorates their ancestors. As per the Donyi Polo, the Nyishi believes that everything in nature has owner ( spirit or uyu,wiyu ). The priest ( Nyubh ) acts as
858-464: The most populous tribe of Arunachal Pradesh , closely followed by the tribes of the Adi according to 2001 census. Polygyny is prevalent among the Nyishi. It signifies one's social status and economical stability and also proves handy during hard times like clan wars or social huntings and various other social activities. This practice, however is diminishing especially with the modernization and also with
891-424: The need for preservation of indigenous ways of worshipping nature and thus the notion of Donyi Polo was born. The establishment of Donyi Polo Yelam Kebang on 31st December 1986 is considered as an important day and thus 31st December is celebrated as Donyi-Polo Day. The Nyishis, who traditionally wear cane helmets surmounted by the crest of a hornbill beak (known as pudum or padam ), have considerably affected
924-613: The population of this bird. Several organizations, such as the Arunachal Wildlife and Nature Foundation and the Wildlife Trust of India , have been trying to stop the Nyishi hunting these birds in order to protect them from extinction. Nature reserves, such as the Pakke Sanctuary, are being set up to protect the birds, while artificial materials, such as fiberglass , have been introduced as an alternative to
957-410: The remaining still following the ancient indigenous Donyi-Polo . According to Nyishi history, the concept of institutionalized religion was absent, as there were no alternative forms of worship or deities beyond the spirits of nature that could be classified as a distinct religion. After coming in contact with British India, the idea of religion was known. The spread of Christianity and Hinduism led to
990-518: The southern sub-himalayan hills bordering Assam . The 2,000-kilometre-long (1,200 mi) proposed Mago- Thingbu to Vijaynagar Arunachal Pradesh Frontier Highway along the McMahon Line , (will intersect with the proposed East-West Industrial Corridor Highway ) and will pass through this district, alignment map of which can be seen here and here . Most tribes practice a form of slash and burn agriculture known as Jhum . After clearing
1023-604: The spread of Christianity. They trace their descent patrilineally and are divided into several clans. As per the Nyshi mythology, there were many versions of Abo Tanyi in the form of spirits and other beings. Nyiha (Niya) is one of the sons of Abo Tanyi, which is the first perfect human being, and the Nyishi are his descendants. The human being genealogy/ancestry is recalled as: Tanyi - Nyiha - Hari & Haring. Hari - Riku - Kunghi - Hingbing - Bingdung and Bingley. Haring - Ringdo - Dopum, Dodum and, Dolu. To learn more about
East Kameng district - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-476: The translator/mediator/negotiator between the human and the spirit and performs rituals and animals sacrifices to please the spirits. The spirits may be benevolent or malevolent. Christian missionaries began operating in Arunachal Pradesh in the 1950s; however, many of their proselytising activities were limited by the government until the 1970s. According to a 2011 survey, many of the Nyishi people have become Christian (31%), followed by Hinduism (29%), with many of
1089-674: Was understaffed. Funds were also given for rural agriculture and paddy-cum-fish culture activities. With the advancement of modern technology, horticulture based on apples and oranges is becoming increasingly popular. Today, temperate and sub-tropical fruits are planted in orchards with chemical fertilizers. The district's administrative divisions are Chayangtajo, Sawa, Khenewa, Bameng, Lada, Gyawe Purang, Pipu, Seppa, and Richukhrong. There are 5 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly constituencies located in this district: Bameng, Chayangtajo, Seppa East , and Seppa West . All of these are part of Arunachal West Lok Sabha constituency . According to
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