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34-528: Almost a third of the country's population lives in the region, which includes several cities with population of around a million. Within Ukraine, the region is the most highly urbanized, particularly portions of central Kharkiv Oblast, south-western Luhansk Oblast, central, northern and eastern areas of Donetsk Oblast. The region stretches from southern areas of the Central Russian Upland to

68-614: A pro-Russian and status quo platform. The electorate of CPU and Party of Regions was very loyal to them. But following the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution the Party of Regions collapsed and the CPU was banned and declared illegal. In a poll conducted by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology in the first half of February 2014, 25.8% of those polled in eastern Ukraine believed that "Ukraine and Russia must unite into

102-487: A process of replacing Soviet toponyms . As the names of the oblasts are mentioned in the Ukrainian constitution, changing them requires a complicated and lengthy process, thus as of 2024, the two oblasts still formally retain their Soviet-era names. According to the Ukrainian constitution, Ukraine is divided into 24 oblasts. However, the majority of four oblasts are under Russian occupation. These oblasts are written in

136-646: A completely different administrative division, see Reichskommissariat Ukraine . With the re-establishing of Soviet power in the state after the war, the administrative division by oblast resumed, adding one more oblast— Zakarpattia . In 1954, the Crimean Oblast was transferred from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the Ukrainian SSR; parts of the surrounding oblasts were incorporated into

170-587: A regional language in several southern and eastern oblasts and cities. From that point Russian could be used in those cities'/oblasts' administrative office work and documents. On 23 February 2014, the law on regional languages was abolished, making Ukrainian the sole state language at all levels even in eastern Ukraine, but this vote was vetoed by acting President Oleksandr Turchynov on 2 March. A February 2015 survey found that eastern oblasts (61%) preferred "second official regional language" over (31%) "state language" status for Russian. The 2012 law on regional languages

204-546: A single state", nationwide this percentage was 12.5%. In 2014, the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine took place in parts of eastern Ukraine. Some protesters allegedly came from Russia to support the unrest. The war in Donbas resulted in thousands of deaths and over a million people leaving their homes. Today, parts of the region are controlled by the self-proclaimed and internationally not-recognized Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic . On 24 February 2022,

238-606: A unitary state. The specific text of the constitution that refers to the territorial structure is as follows. The territorial structure of Ukraine is based on the principles of unity and indivisibility of the state territory, the combination of centralisation and decentralisation in the exercise of state power, and the balanced socio-economic development of regions that takes into account their historical, economic, ecological, geographical and demographic characteristics, and ethnic and cultural traditions. Each of Ukraine's oblasts has its own legislative and executive authority, most of which

272-557: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a location in Ukraine is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Southern Russia location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Oblasts of Ukraine An oblast ( Ukrainian : область , romanized :  oblast , pronounced [ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ] ; pl.   області , oblasti ) in Ukraine , sometimes translated as region or province ,

306-515: Is also called Poltavshchyna ( Ukrainian : Полтавщина ). Exceptions to this rule include two oblasts, Volyn and Zakarpattia, which retain the names of their respective historical regions, Volyn ( Volhynia ) and Zakarpattia ( Transcarpathia ), whose respective capitals are Lutsk and Uzhhorod . The capital cities of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast and Kirovohrad Oblast were renamed to Dnipro and Kropyvnytskyi in 2016 as part of

340-654: Is an upland area of the East European Plain and is an undulating plateau with an average elevation of 230–250 m (750–820 ft). Its highest peak is measured at 293 m (961 ft). The southeastern portion of the upland known as the Kalach Upland  [ ru ] . The Central Upland is built of Precambrian deposits of the crystalline Voronezh Massif . It spans approximately 180,000 miles² (480,000 km ) in central and southern European Russia northeast of Ukraine , extending from

374-521: Is exercised by local elected administrations. The heads of local administrations are in turn appointed and dismissed by the President of Ukraine upon nomination by the Cabinet of Ministers . Since Ukraine is a unitary state, there is little true political power and weight that these local administrations actually hold. Carrying out their authority, the heads of local administrations are accountable to

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408-918: Is part of the East European Craton and southwesterly descends towards the Dnieper-Donets Through (Depression) which along with Prypiat Through forms the Prypiat-Dniper-Donets aulacogen . Most of the Voronezh Massif is covered with thin layers of sedimentary deposits of the Devonian , Jurassic , Cretaceous , and Paleogene periods . In the southeast along the Don River between the cities of Boguchar and Pavlovsk (both in Voronezh Oblast )

442-512: Is subordinate to the central government authorities in Kyiv. Each region is administered under laws passed by the Ukrainian government and the Constitution of Ukraine. Each region levies its own taxes and, in return, receives a portion of its budget from Kyiv, which gives them a portion of the taxes it levies. Executive power in each of the oblasts (as well as in other subdivisions of Ukraine)

476-488: Is the main type of first-level administrative division of the country. Ukraine's territory is divided into 24 oblasts, as well as one autonomous republic and two cities with special status . Ukraine is a unitary state , thus the oblasts do not have much legal scope of competence other than that which is established in the Ukrainian Constitution and devolved by law. Articles 140–146 of Chapter XI of

510-568: The 1991 referendum , though the majority was not as big as in the west. A 2007 survey by the Razumkov Centre asked "Would you like to have your region separated from Ukraine and joined another state?" In eastern Ukraine, 77.9% of respondents disagreed, 10.4% agreed, and the rest were undecided. In elections , voters of the eastern (and southern) oblasts of Ukraine voted for parties ( Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Party of Regions ) and presidential candidates ( Viktor Yanukovych ) with

544-582: The Cherkasy Oblast , while Izmail Oblast was absorbed by Odesa Oblast . In 1959, Drohobych Oblast was merged with Lviv Oblast . Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their respective administrative centers , which are also the largest and most developed cities in the region. Oblast populations range from 904,000 in Chernivtsi Oblast to 4.4 million in the eastern Donetsk Oblast . The Ukrainian constitution establishes Ukraine as

578-630: The Donetsk Oblast was split into Stalino Oblast and Voroshylovhrad Oblast and the Kirovohrad Oblast was created out of portions of Kyiv, Mykolaiv and Odesa oblasts. During World War II, Ukraine added eight more oblasts of the West Ukraine and Bessarabia . Upon the occupation of Ukraine by Nazi Germany the territory was split between General Government , Kingdom of Romania and Reichskommissariat Ukraine and carried out

612-954: The Eurasian Customs Union and the European Union , 24% in eastern Ukraine (including Kharkiv Oblast ) preferred the ECU and 20% preferred the EU (in Donbas: 33% for the ECU, 21% for the EU). On joining NATO, 15% were for, 15% were against, and most said that they would not vote or it was difficult to answer (in Donbas: 16% for, 47% against). Eastern Ukrainians were less likely to vote in parliamentary elections. 49°N 37°E  /  49°N 37°E  / 49; 37 Central Russian Upland The Central Russian Upland (also Middle Russian Upland and East European Upland )

646-802: The Oka river to the Donets river . The upland stretches across a number of regions in Ukraine and the European portion of the Russian Federation . Its north and northwest borders are considered to be the Oka River and an imaginary line Kaluga - Ryazan . To the southeast towards the Donets River , the upland changes into the Donets Lowland . To the east its natural border is defined by

680-698: The Oka–Don Lowland and to the west there is the Dnieper Lowland . Most of the upland lies within the borders of Russia , hence its name. The Kostroma river and the city of the same name suggest that the area in Central Russia is an important reference point for the original home of the Slavic tribes . The river and city bear the same name as the Slavic goddess Kostroma . The Voronezh Massif

714-513: The 2001 census, the majority of eastern Ukraine's population are ethnic Ukrainians , while ethnic Russians form a significant minority. The most common language in urban areas of the Luhansk and Donetsk Oblasts is Russian , having long dominated in government and the media. When Ukraine became independent, there were no Ukrainian-language schools in Donetsk . Noticeable cultural differences in

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748-669: The DPR and the LPR-controlled territories should leave and the rest of Donbas remain in Ukraine. When asked if Russian-speaking citizens are under pressure or threat, 82% said 'no' and 11% said 'yes'. 2% "definitely" and 7% "somewhat" supported Russia sending troops to "protect" Russian-speakers in Ukraine, while 71% did not. 50% wanted Ukraine to remain a unitary country, 14% wanted it to be a federal country, 13% said it should remain unitary but without Crimea , and 7% wanted it to be divided into several countries. If they had to choose between

782-634: The President and are subordinate to higher bodies of executive leadership. According to the Constitution the head of the heads of the local Oblast administrations should resign after a new President is elected . Legislative power in the oblast governments is exercised by their respective oblast councils, which in turn supervise the activities of local administrations. They also have considerable budgets managed by an oblast council ( Ukrainian : обласна рада ) made up of people's deputies (representatives) voted into office in regional elections every four years,

816-404: The Ukrainian SSR was divided into seven oblasts, replacing the previous subdivision system based on okruhas and encompassing 406 raions (districts). The first oblasts were Vinnytsia Oblast , Kyiv Oblast , Odesa Oblast , Kharkiv Oblast , and Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . Soon after that, in the summer of 1932, Donetsk Oblast was formed out of eastern parts of Kharkiv and Dnipropetrovsk oblasts; in

850-546: The constitution deal directly with local authorities and their competence. Oblasts are divided into raions , each oblast having from 3 to 8 raions following the July 2020 reform . In Ukraine, the term oblast denotes a primary administrative division . Under the Russian Empire and into the 1920s, Ukraine was divided between several governorates . The term oblast was introduced in 1932 by Soviet authorities when

884-585: The crystalline layers come to the surface. On all sides of the upland the Precambrian deposits descend far below the sedimentary layers. A small part of the upland in the northwest was covered with a glacier during the Wolstonian Stage . Today almost all of the upland is covered with loess and loessial loams . 52°36′N 36°48′E  /  52.600°N 36.800°E  / 52.600; 36.800 This Central Russia location article

918-609: The fall of 1932 Chernihiv Oblast was formed on the border of Kyiv and Kharkiv oblasts. Between 1935 and 1938, there were several newly created and self-governed special border okrugs (okruhas) located along the western border of the Soviet Union in Ukraine and Belarus. Upon liquidation of the okruhas in 1937–1938, Kyiv, Vinnytsia, Odesa, and Kharkiv oblasts were each split into four additional oblasts ( Zhytomyr Oblast , Kamianets-Podilsky Oblast (later Khmelnytskyi), Mykolaiv Oblast , Poltava Oblast ). Just before World War II ,

952-439: The last of which took place in 2020 . The name of each oblast is a relative adjective , formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city. For example, Poltava is the administrative center of Poltava Oblast . Most of them are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", such as Poltava Oblast, which

986-563: The listed major religious institutions constituted about 24.7% of the population. It also showed that approximately 55.6% of the population of eastern Ukraine (which in Razumkov's mapping excluded Donbas and consisted of the regions immediately to the west of it) declared to be believers, while 13.4% declared to be undecided or non-believers, and 3.5% declared to be atheist. A large majority of voters in eastern Ukraine (83% or more in each oblast ) approved Ukraine's declaration of independence in

1020-764: The northern shores of the Sea of Azov , from the eastern border with Russia to Black Sea and Dnieper Lowlands (including the left bank of the Dnipro ) to the west. Other than the Dnipro, the major river of eastern Ukraine is the Siverskyi Donets . The main economic region of that part of the country is the Donbas , whose name is a contraction of "Donets Basin", named after the Siverskyi Donets. The region became

1054-569: The region (compared with the rest of Ukraine except Southern Ukraine ) are more "positive views" on the Russian language and on the Soviet era and more "negative views" on Ukrainian nationalism . Effective in August 2012, a law on regional languages entitled any local language spoken by at least a 10% of the population to be declared official within that area. Within weeks, Russian was declared as

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1088-682: The region became the scene of the eastern Ukraine offensive . A November 2015 poll carried out by Rating Group Ukraine in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts, except in the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and the Luhansk People's Republic (LPR)-controlled areas, found that 75% of residents wanted the entire Donbas region to stay in Ukraine, 7% said that it should join Russia, 1% wanted it to become an independent country, and 3% said that

1122-556: The scene of an armed conflict between Ukraine and Russian proxy forces. The territory is heavily urbanized and commonly associated with the Donbas. The three largest metropolitan cities form an industrial triangle within the region. Among the major cities with population of over 200,000 people are Kharkiv , Dnipro , Donetsk - Makiivka , Zaporizhzhia , Mariupol , Luhansk , Horlivka and Kamianske . Donetsk and Makiivka create urban sprawl , with very close proximity to other important cities such as Horlivka and Yenakieve . According to

1156-733: Was repealed by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on 28 February 2018 when it ruled the law unconstitutional. Religion in eastern Ukraine (excluding Donbas), 2016 According to a 2016 survey of religion in Ukraine held by the Razumkov Center , 73.5% of the population in eastern Ukraine were Christians (63.2% Eastern Orthodox , 8.1% simply Christians, 1.0% Protestants , and 0.3% Latin Catholics ), 0.5% were Muslims , 0.3% were Jewish , and 0.3% were Hindus . Not religious and other believers not identifying with any of

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