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60-714: Most of the facilities that now house the Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution were built in 1912 and 1913. They were originally built for use as Eastern Oregon State Hospital, a former state mental hospital . They were designed by William C. Knighton , the State Architect. As such, the buildings housed the Eastern Oregon Hospital and Training Center until the Oregon legislature authorized their conversion into

120-573: A 93% rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on reviews from 115 critics, with an average rating of 9.1/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Jack Nicholson and Louise Fletcher are worthy adversaries in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest , with Miloš Forman's more grounded and morally ambiguous approach to Ken Kesey's surrealistic novel yielding a film of outsized power." The film has an 84 rating on Metacritic . While Kesey claimed never to have seen

180-500: A copy of the novel Douglas sent to his home in Prague, which meant he was unable to read the book. Wasserman subsequently sold his film rights to Douglas in 1970, but then delayed the film for several more years with lawsuits. In 1971, Kirk Douglas's son Michael Douglas convinced his father to allow him to produce the film, as he was drawn to the novel's "one man against the system" plot due to his involvement with student activism at

240-447: A fit and demands his cigarettes from Ratched, McMurphy starts a fight with the orderlies, and Chief intervenes to help him. McMurphy, Chief, and Cheswick are sent to the disturbed ward after the fight, and Chief reveals to McMurphy that he can speak and hear normally, having faked deaf-muteness to avoid engaging with anyone. The two make plans to escape to Canada together. McMurphy is subjected to electroconvulsive therapy , and returns to

300-596: A men's medium-security prison in 1983. When the first inmates arrived at the Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution on 24 June 1985, the prison became Oregon's first state correctional facility located outside Marion County . Today, the Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution is one of 14 state prisons run by the Oregon Department of Corrections . As of 2009, the prison was the fourth largest employer in Pendleton. The Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution

360-460: A music video, Choosing Mental Illness with his band Philip H. Anselmo & The Illegals . The music video pays tribute to One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and it shows scenes recreated from the film with Anselmo playing McMurphy and the rest of the band playing other characters from the film, and Nurse Ratched played by actor Michael St. Michaels. The film has been referenced several times on The Simpsons , including an episode where Homer

420-482: A new screenplay from a third-person perspective. Hal Ashby was hired to replace Rush as director in 1973, but he was also replaced by Forman after he successfully fled to the United States. Although Douglas and Zaentz were unaware that he had been his father's first choice to direct, they began considering him after Hauben showed them Forman's 1967 Czechoslovak film The Firemen's Ball . Douglas later said

480-425: A pillow. He then rips the hydrotherapy fountain off its mountings and throws it through the window, as McMurphy had earlier attempted. He escapes, with Taber and the other inmates awakening to cheer him on. In 1962, Kirk Douglas's company Joel Productions announced that it had acquired the rights to make Broadway stage and film adaptations of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest with Douglas starring as McMurphy in both

540-487: A tendency to always be a little off-kilter, and from time to time, it tilts completely over into a strange little world of its own" The film won the "Big Five" Academy Awards at the 48th Oscar ceremony . These include the Best Actor for Jack Nicholson , Best Actress for Louise Fletcher , Best Direction for Forman, Best Picture , and Best Adapted Screenplay for Lawrence Hauben and Bo Goldman . The film has

600-725: A tour of the Eastern Bloc . Avco-Embassy Pictures optioned the film in 1969, but Forman was prevented from directing the film by the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia and the beginning of the " normalization " period in which the Soviet Union forced Czechoslovakia to reverse most of its Prague Spring liberalization reforms. Forman and Douglas fell completely out of contact after the Czechoslovak StB put Forman under strict surveillance. It also intercepted

660-470: A used car dealer Douglas met on an airplane flight when Douglas told him they wanted a "big guy" to play the part. Lambert's father often sold cars to Native American customers and six months later called Douglas to say: "the biggest sonofabitch Indian came in the other day!" Jeanne Moreau , Angela Lansbury , Colleen Dewhurst , Geraldine Page , Ellen Burstyn , Anne Bancroft , and Jane Fonda all were considered to portray Nurse Ratched before Lily Tomlin

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720-1001: Is a 1600-bed facility located in Pendleton, Oregon. It has 19 separate general population housing units with 596 dormitory beds and 897 confined cell beds. There is also a 99-bed single-occupancy disciplinary segregation unit and an 8-bed infirmary. Medical care is provided to all inmates as required. The medical services include sick call, ambulatory care, dental services, health education, and emergency care. There are also programs for control of communicable diseases , sex offender treatment, and treatment for alcoholism and drug abuse . The state prison's Health Services Unit also conducts quality assurance and peer review of all medical services provided to inmates. The prison provides behavioral health services including HIV education and counseling, mental health case management services, mental health day treatment, and crisis intervention counseling. Anger-management classes are available to inmates as well. The opportunity to participate in religious services

780-486: Is acted with such a sense of life that one responds to its demonstration of humanity if not to its programmed metaphors." The film opens and closes with original music by composer Jack Nitzsche , featuring an eerie bowed saw (performed by Robert Armstrong ) and wine glasses . On the score, reviewer Steven McDonald: "The edgy nature of the film extends into the score, giving it a profoundly disturbing feel at times—even when it appears to be relatively normal. The music has

840-492: Is also provided. The faith-based programs help inmates make peace with their past and search for personal meaning in their life. These programs are all voluntary and available to all inmates. Blue Mountain Community College provides educational services at the prison. Between 1986 and 2009, approximately 1,000 inmates received either a General Educational Development certificate or a high school diploma through

900-533: Is closed to visitors on Mondays and Tuesdays. In the 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest the institution is metonymously referenced several times as Pendleton, and it is implied that the character of R.P McMurphy has been incarcerated there prior to his commitment to the hospital in which the film takes place. Pendleton is explicitly referenced several times in the Ken Kesey novel. Mental hospital Too Many Requests If you report this error to

960-460: Is committed to an insane asylum and meets a man who believes himself to be Michael Jackson . In an episode from the fourth season of It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia , titled "Sweet Dee Has a Heart Attack," Danny DeVito's character Frank Reynolds is part of subplot that directly parodies the film. Danny DeVito 's role in the parody is significant since he was cast in the original film as

1020-434: Is incarcerated for the statutory rape of a 15-year-old girl, with five previous arrests for assault . He feigns mental illness so he can be moved to a mental institution and avoid hard labor . The medical ward is dominated by the cold, passive-aggressive Nurse Ratched who intimidates her patients and maintains control through fear. The other patients include young, anxious, stuttering Billy Bibbit; Charlie Cheswick, who

1080-450: Is prone to temper tantrums; delusional, child-like Martini; the articulate and repressed Dale Harding; belligerent and profane Max Taber; epileptics Jim Sefelt and Bruce Fredrickson; quiet but violent-minded Scanlon; tall, deaf-mute Native American Chief Bromden; and several others with chronic conditions. Ratched sees McMurphy's lively, rebellious presence as a threat to her authority, to which she responds by confiscating and rationing

1140-446: Is wearing a neck brace and speaking weakly, and Harding leads the now-unsuspended card-playing. McMurphy is nowhere to be found, leading to rumors that he has escaped. Later that night, Chief sees McMurphy being returned to his bed. He is initially elated that McMurphy had kept his promise not to escape without him, before discovering that McMurphy has been lobotomized . After tearfully embracing McMurphy, Chief smothers him to death with

1200-511: The Prison Blues factory are all volunteers. In fact, there is always a long waiting list of inmates who would like to join the Prison Blues workforce. To be eligible, an inmate must have a record of good conduct and successfully interview with the factory personnel office, an experience that helps inmates prepare for job interviews outside prison. Once hired, an inmate must continue to demonstrate good behavior and produce garments that meet

1260-461: The Prison Blues standard of quality. Inmates working in the Prison Blues factory are paid prevailing private sector wages, of which they receive twenty percent. They are also eligible for quality and productivity bonuses. Eighty percent of their salary is returned to the state to help cover the cost of incarceration, pay victim restitution, and provide family support. Inmates also pay both state and Federal taxes on their earnings. The inmate can save

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1320-507: The Snake River Correctional Institution as well as its own prison population. In addition, it provides laundry cleaning services to the Pendleton's convention center, the city's fire department, the local high school, and neighboring businesses. Other inmate work opportunities include the prison food service, clerical job, and facility maintenance. Commercial Prison Blues brand garments are produced at

1380-505: The University of California, Santa Barbara . Douglas optioned the film to director Richard Rush , but he was unable to secure financing from major studios. In March 1973, Douglas announced a new deal in which he would co-produce the film with Saul Zaentz as the first project of Fantasy Records ' new film division. Zaentz, a voracious reader, felt an affinity with Kesey, and so after Hauben's first attempt he asked Kesey to write

1440-441: The 37,000-square-foot (3,400 m) production facility was financed by a Federal grant, but the operation is now self-financing. By 1998, the Prison Blues brand was being sold in 30 states and overseas. In 2001, Prison Blues began marketing its denim jeans and other garments on-line. Today, the Prison Blues brand is a successful commercial product line sold across the United States and internationally. Inmates who work in

1500-439: The Cuckoo's Nest grossed $ 163,250,000. It was the highest-grossing film released by UA up to that time. Critics praised the film, sometimes with reservations. Roger Ebert said: "Miloš Forman's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest is a film so good in so many of its parts that there's a temptation to forgive it when it goes wrong. But it does go wrong, insisting on making larger points than its story really should carry, so that at

1560-538: The Cuckoo's Nest , though Wexler said there was "only about a minute or two minutes in that film I didn't shoot". According to Butler, Nicholson refused to speak to Forman: "...[Jack] never talked to Miloš at all, he only talked to me". The production went over the initial budget of $ 2 million and over-schedule, but Zaentz, who was personally financing the movie, was able to come up with the difference by borrowing against his company, Fantasy Records. The total production budget came to $ 4.4 million. The film premiered at

1620-527: The Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution. The garment manufacturing operation is one of the largest prison industries in the state. The Prison Blues enterprise manufactures denim blue jeans, yard coats, and work shirts for Oregon prison inmates and commercial sales to the public. The Prison Blues production facility was established in 1989 by Inside Oregon Enterprises , a division of the Oregon Department of Corrections. The start-up cost for

1680-714: The Lambs . It won numerous Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards . In 1993, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress , and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . Additionally, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest was ranked No. 33 on the American Film Institute 's updated 100 Years... 100 Movies list in 2007. In 1963 Oregon, Randle McMurphy

1740-556: The Sutton and Paramount Theatres in New York City on November 19, 1975. It was the second-highest-grossing film released in 1975 in the United States and Canada at $ 109 million, one of the seventh-highest-grossing films of all time at the time. As it was released toward the end of the year, most of its gross was in 1976 and was the highest-grosser for calendar year 1976 with rentals of $ 56.5 million. Worldwide, One Flew Over

1800-575: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 232260687 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:47:30 GMT One Flew Over the Cuckoo%27s Nest (film) One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest is a 1975 American psychological comedy-drama film directed by Miloš Forman , based on

1860-434: The actors to see the day's filming, this led to the cast losing confidence in him, while Nicholson also began to wonder about his performance. Douglas convinced Forman to show Nicholson something, which he did, and restored the actor's confidence. Haskell Wexler was fired as cinematographer and replaced by Bill Butler . Wexler believed his dismissal was due to his concurrent work on the documentary Underground , in which

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1920-473: The character "Martini". In the episode of It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia , a reference is made to DeVito's original role with a character in the parody named "Martini". Additionally, the 1975 film featured Will Sampson as Chief Bromden. In the parody, Tim Sampson, son of Will Sampson, plays "Chief" in mirroring his father's role in the film. [1] In 2015, the film ranked 59th on BBC 's "100 Greatest American Films" list, voted on by film critics from around

1980-465: The crew, to which the producers agreed. Douglas recalls that it was not until later that he found out that many of them were criminally insane. For the group therapy scenes, Forman and his cinematographer Haskell Wexler used three cameras to record all shots for the scene simultaneously. Although this was unusual for the time and more expensive, it allowed Forman and Wexler to capture the actors' authentic reactions to each other. As Forman did not allow

2040-476: The end, the human qualities of the characters get lost in the significance of it all. And yet, there are those moments of brilliance." Ebert later put the film on his "Great Movies" list. A.D. Murphy of Variety wrote a mixed review as well, as did Vincent Canby in The New York Times : "A comedy that can't quite support its tragic conclusion, which is too schematic to be honestly moving, but it

2100-461: The film "had the sort of qualities we were looking for: it took place in one enclosed situation, with a plethora of unique characters he had the ability to juggle." Although Forman was suffering from a mental health crisis and refused to leave his Hotel Chelsea room in New York City for months, Douglas and Zaentz sent him a copy of the novel. Although Forman was not aware that the novel

2160-442: The film have been demolished. The film was released on November 19, 1975. One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest received critical acclaim, and is considered by critics and audiences to be one of the greatest films ever made . It is the second to win all five major Academy Awards ( Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Director , and Screenplay ) following It Happened One Night (1934), and preceding 1991's The Silence of

2220-493: The film in the Oregon State Hospital , an actual mental hospital, as this is also the setting of the novel. The hospital's director, Dean Brooks, was supportive of the filming and eventually ended up playing the character of Dr. John Spivey in the film. Brooks identified a patient for each of the actors to shadow, and some of the cast even slept on the wards at night. He also wanted to incorporate his patients into

2280-561: The film took 13 years to develop. Filming finally began in January 1975 and lasted three months, on location in Salem, Oregon and the surrounding area, and in Depoe Bay on the north Oregon coast. The producers shot the film in the Oregon State Hospital , an actual psychiatric hospital, which is also the novel's setting. The hospital is still in operation, though the original buildings in

2340-494: The institution's basic educational program. In 1999, the prison expanded education opportunities through a program called the New Directions Education Project . The program offers inmates college level courses taught by instructors from Blue Mountain Community College. The cost of tuition, textbooks, and supplies are covered by donations from local churches, civic groups, foundations, and members of

2400-573: The movie, he disliked what he knew of it, which was confirmed by author Chuck Palahniuk , who wrote: "The first time I heard this story, it was through the movie starring Jack Nicholson. A movie that Kesey once told me he disliked." In 1993, the film was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in its National Film Registry . The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited Cuckoo's Nest as one of his 100 favorite films. Pantera singer Phil Anselmo released

2460-610: The night orderly Turkle to allow the party. McMurphy and Chief prepare to escape, inviting Billy to come with them. Billy refuses but asks for a "date" with Candy; McMurphy arranges for him to have sex with her. McMurphy and the others get drunk, and McMurphy falls asleep instead of escaping with Chief. Ratched arrives in the morning to find the ward in disarray; most patients have passed out. She discovers Billy and Candy together and aims to embarrass Billy in front of everyone. Billy manages to overcome his stutter and stands up to Ratched. When she threatens to tell his mother, Billy cracks under

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2520-435: The novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey . The film stars Jack Nicholson as a new patient at a mental institution and Louise Fletcher as the domineering head nurse. Will Sampson , Danny DeVito , Sydney Lassick , William Redfield , Christopher Lloyd and Brad Dourif play supporting roles, with the latter two making their feature film debuts. Originally announced in 1962 with Kirk Douglas starring,

2580-486: The outside world and encouraging them to discover their abilities and find self-confidence. After an orderly tells him that his sentence term does not apply in the mental institution, and can become indefinite, McMurphy questions why no one told him this before. He also learns that he, Chief, and Taber are the only non-chronic patients who have been involuntarily committed; the others have committed themselves voluntarily but are too afraid to leave. After Cheswick bursts into

2640-419: The patients in their daily routine and at group therapy. Jack Nicholson and Louise Fletcher also witnessed electroconvulsive therapy being performed on a patient. Principal photography began on January 13, 1975, and concluded approximately three months later. The film was shot on location in Salem, Oregon , the surrounding area, and the coastal town of Depoe Bay, Oregon . The producers decided to shoot

2700-444: The patients' cigarettes and suspending their card-playing privileges. McMurphy finds himself in a battle of wills against Ratched. One night, he makes a bet with the other inmates that he can escape by tearing a hydrotherapy fountain off its hinges and throwing it out the window, but is unable to lift it. Shortly after, he steals a charter bus, picks up his girlfriend Candy, and escapes with several patients to go fishing, exposing them to

2760-502: The play and the film, Dale Wasserman writing the stageplay, and George Roy Hill directing the film based on Wasserman's play. Jack Nicholson had also tried to buy the film rights to the novel but was outbid by Douglas. Wasserman's 1963–1964 Broadway stage adaptation successfully opened, but Douglas was unable to find a studio willing to make it with him. Kirk Douglas hired Miloš Forman to direct after meeting him in Prague during

2820-624: The pressure and reverts to stuttering, before Ratched orders he be locked in a separate room as punishment. McMurphy punches an orderly when trying to escape out of a window with the Chief, causing the other orderlies to intervene. Suddenly, Billy kills himself by slitting his throat with broken glass, causing a huge commotion. Ratched tries to control the situation by calling for the day's routine to continue as usual, but her nonchalant reaction enrages McMurphy, and he strangles her. The orderlies subdue McMurphy, saving Ratched's life. Sometime later, Ratched

2880-555: The public. The prison's creative arts program was begun in 2001. It includes wood working and cast iron work. The program provides meaningful work while inmates learn valuable job skills in a realistic work environment. This improves an inmate's chance of getting a job and becoming a productive citizen upon release from prison. The creative arts program is self-financing, and has helped other state agencies develop similar wood working programs. Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution's commercial laundry cleans clothing and other items for

2940-548: The radical militant group the Weather Underground were being interviewed while hiding from the law. However, Forman said he had terminated Wexler's services over artistic differences. Douglas also claimed Wexler wanted to get Forman fired in order to direct the film himself, and was fueling the cast's distrust of Forman and lack of confidence in their own performances. Both Wexler and Butler received Academy Award nominations for Best Cinematography for One Flew Over

3000-439: The remaining amount or use it to provide additional family support, take college courses, or purchase items at the prison store. At the Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution, visiting is permitted five days a week, Wednesday through Friday and every other Saturday; there are two visiting periods each day. In the morning the visiting hours are from 0830 until 1115, while afternoon visiting hours are from 1300 until 1545. The prison

3060-408: The role and even met patients in a psychiatric ward to watch electroconvulsive shock therapy to prepare for the role. Danny DeVito was the first to be cast, reprising his role as the patient Martini from the 1971 off-Broadway production. Chief Bromden (who turns out to be the title character), played by Will Sampson , was referred by Mel Lambert (who portrayed the harbormaster in the fishing scene),

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3120-488: The role of Candy; coincidentally, she, Nicholson, and Scatman Crothers (who portrays Turkle) all later appeared as part of the main cast of The Shining . Bud Cort was considered for the role of Billy Bibbit before Brad Dourif was cast. Prior to commencement of filming, a week of rehearsals started on January 4, 1975, in Oregon shortly after Nicholson concluded his previous film The Fortune (1975). The cast watched

3180-420: The screenplay. Kesey participated in the early stages of script development, but withdrew after creative differences with the producers over casting and narrative point of view; ultimately he filed suit against the production and won a settlement. Although Kesey was paid for his work, his screenplay from the first-person point of view of Chief Bromden was not used. Instead, Lawrence Hauben and Bo Goldman wrote

3240-402: The ward pretending to be brain-damaged before revealing that the treatment has made him even more determined to defeat Ratched. McMurphy and Chief plan to throw a secret Christmas party for their friends after Ratched and the orderlies leave for the night before making their escape. McMurphy sneaks Candy and her friend Rose into the ward, each bringing bottles of alcohol for the party, and bribes

3300-627: Was late in 1974, with Forman, Zaentz, and Douglas. The day after Christmas, her agent called to say she was expected at the Oregon State Hospital in Salem on January 4 to begin rehearsals. Tomlin subsequently left the film to replace Fletcher in Nashville (1975). In 2016, Fletcher recalled that Nicholson's salary was "enormous", while the rest of the cast worked at or close to scale. She put in 11 weeks, grossing US$ 10,000 (equivalent to $ 57,000 in 2023). Forman also considered Shelley Duvall for

3360-515: Was not just literature, but real life, the life I lived in Czechoslovakia from my birth in 1932 until 1968. The Communist Party was my Nurse Ratched, telling me what I could and could not do; what I was or was not allowed to say; where I was and was not allowed to go; even who I was and was not". Although Kirk Douglas allowed his son to produce the film, he remained interested in playing McMurphy. However, Ashby and Forman felt Kirk Douglas

3420-585: Was the one which Douglas's father had hired him to direct in the 1960s, he quickly decided that it was "the best material I’d come across in America" and flew to California to discuss the film with Douglas and Zaentz further. They quickly hired Forman because, in Douglas's words, "Unlike the other directors we saw, who kept their cards close to their chest, he went through the script page by page and told us what he would do." Forman wrote in 2012: "To me, [the story]

3480-405: Was too old for the role and decided to recast him. This decision would strain relations between Kirk and Michael Douglas for many years, although Michael Douglas claimed it had not been his decision to recast him. Gene Hackman , James Caan , Marlon Brando , and Burt Reynolds were all considered for the role of McMurphy. Ashby wanted 37-year-old Jack Nicholson to play McMurphy, but Douglas

3540-443: Was ultimately cast in the role. However, Forman became interested in recasting Tomlin with Louise Fletcher , who had a supporting role in the film, after viewing her film Thieves Like Us (1974). A mutual acquaintance, the casting director Fred Roos , had already mentioned Fletcher's name as a possibility. Even so, it took four or five meetings, across one year, for Fletcher to secure the role of Nurse Ratched. Her final audition

3600-449: Was unsure if he was right for the role and Forman's first choice was Reynolds. All four turned down the role, which ultimately went to Nicholson. Nicholson had never played this type of role before. Production was delayed for about six months because of Nicholson's schedule. Douglas later stated in an interview that "that turned out to be a great blessing: it gave us the chance to get the ensemble right". Nicholson did extensive research for

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