49-468: Edinburgh Science , founded in 1989, is an educational charity. It organises a two-week Edinburgh's annual Science Festival, the world's first public celebration of science and technology, and still one of Europe's largest. Alongside the annual Festival in Edinburgh, the organisation has a strong focus on education and runs touring programme Generation Science that visits schools around Scotland throughout
98-466: A 'Freedom Casket' – a container to hold the ticket. In 1975, Edinburgh Corporation was abolished under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 , which abolished the counties and burghs of Scotland as administrative areas and brought in a two-tier system of upper-tier regions and lower-tier districts. A new district called "City of Edinburgh" was created, covering the former city and county of
147-606: A black hole. City of Edinburgh District Council Other parties (52) The City of Edinburgh Council ( Scottish Gaelic : Comhairle Baile Dhùn Èideann ) is the local government authority covering the City of Edinburgh council area. Almost half of the council area is the built-up area of Edinburgh , capital of Scotland . With a population of 514,990 in 2022, it is the second most populous local authority area in Scotland . The council took on its current form in 1996 under
196-624: A brand new project called Rock the Lab . This involved a creation of science busking activities for the project to highlight the science behind hedonism. In 2015 and 2016 Edinburgh Science worked with the UK Space Agency and partners around Edinburgh to jump develop and deliver bespoke events to celebrate UK ESA astronaut Tim Peake's six-month Principia Mission on board the International Space Station (ISS). This included
245-512: A programme of hands-on activities for local school children, a live screening of the mission launch with Italian ESA Astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti, who had recently returned from her own mission on the ISS, and bringing Tim Peake and mission colleague astronaut Tim Kopra for an evening at the Usher Hall on 17 October 2016. In 2017 Edinburgh Science brought band Public Service Broadcasting to
294-606: A recognised world leader on global climate change and her efforts in bringing nations together to jointly deliver an unprecedented climate change agreement. Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), was instrumental in the successful conclusion of the Paris talks. The Summit saw all of the world's nations agree for the first time to a binding commitment to avoid dangerous levels of global warming. Figueres served as
343-542: A relationship with the Merchants Company , Incorporated Trades and High Constables of Edinburgh . The office of Lord Dean of Guild now operates from the Merchant Company of Edinburgh, and continues to issue Burgess tickets to create Burgesses of Edinburgh alongside the City of Edinburgh Council. The first election to the City of Edinburgh District Council was held in 1974, initially operating as
392-413: A shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new system came into force on 16 May 1975. A shadow authority was again elected in 1995 ahead of the reforms which came into force on 1 April 1996. Political control of the council since 1975 has been as follows: City of Edinburgh District Council City of Edinburgh Council The leaders of the council since 1996 have been: Members of
441-522: A state of disrepair by the 1560s, and was cramped, housing both the expanding Town Council of Edinburgh, and the Parliament of Scotland . Queen Mary believed the situation was intolerable, and requested extensive renovations. By 1639 Edinburgh Town Council paid for a new building, called Parliament House , to be constructed nearby for the Parliament to meet in so they would no longer have to share
490-638: Is a list of arts and cultural festivals regularly taking place in Edinburgh , Scotland . The city has become known for its festivals since the establishment in 1947 of the Edinburgh International Festival and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe which runs alongside it. The latter is the largest event of its kind in the world. The term Edinburgh Festival is commonly used, but there is no single festival;
539-481: Is currently based in Edinburgh City Chambers with a main office nearby at Waverley Court. The date of Edinburgh's formation as a burgh is unknown, but it is referred to as a royal burgh from the reign of David I (reigned 1124–1153). The town council of the burgh was granted the right to appoint its own sheriff by James III in a charter dated 16 November 1482. This had the effect of making
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#1732780475652588-573: Is one of 12 Edinburgh-based festivals who work collaboratively as Festivals Edinburgh on audience development, promotion and similar activities, including the Festivals API. In 2012 a team from Edinburgh Science project managed the UK tour of Ottobock's Passion for Paralympics exhibition, which raised awareness of Paralympic sport and athletes heading into the London 2012 Paralympic Games. In 2013
637-610: Is to improve the teaching of science in Scottish primary schools and support teachers to deliver the curriculum. The next Generation Science tour will run from January–May 2020. Careers Hive is a careers education event designed to give students in S1-S3 a new way to think about their futures, developed under the leadership of Head of Learning, Joan Davidson . It highlights the opportunities available to those who study STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and maths), as well as
686-738: The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers . The Edinburgh Corporation had the power to make Burgesses (freemen) of the City of Edinburgh. The Edinburgh Corporation awarded its Burgess Tickets through the Lord Dean of Guild , an office in the Corporation holding the distinction of second citizen of Edinburgh, after the Lord Provost. Like the Corporation of the City of London , Burgess Tickets were often awarded along with
735-569: The Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 , replacing the City of Edinburgh District Council of the Lothian region, which had been created in 1975. The history of local government in Edinburgh, however, stretches back much further. Around 1130, David I made the town a royal burgh and a burgh council, based at the Old Tolbooth is recorded continuously from the 14th century. The council
784-692: The Lord Provost of Edinburgh , with six Bailies appointed by the council at large. Many of Edinburgh council ceremonies and traditions date back to the days of the Edinburgh Corporation, such as the Edinburgh Ceremony of the Keys , where the Lord Provost symbolically hands the keys to the City of Edinburgh to the monarch, who hands them back to the Lord Provost proclaiming "that they cannot be placed in better hands than those of
833-538: The Lothian region, and Lothian Regional Council had responsibilities including water, education, social work and transport. In 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 , the Lothian Regional Council was abolished and the City of Edinburgh became a single-tier council area . The council became "City of Edinburgh Council" and provides all local government services within the council area. Today Edinburgh's council remains headed by
882-576: The Old Tolbooth next to St Giles' Cathedral . A Tolbooth is the main municipal building of a Scottish burgh providing council meeting chambers, a court house and a jail. The Old Tolbooth of Edinburgh was unique in that it housed both the Edinburgh Town Council and the Scottish Parliament. As a Royal Burgh the council was convened by a Lord Provost , who was assisted by a team of bailies . The Tolbooth had fallen into
931-669: The Abu Dhabi Science Festival since its inception in 2011. Previous projects include the delivery of Cyber Quest in Abu Dhabi which brings together young minds from across the country to compete on a series of cyber security challenges, work with the UK Space Agency and partners to deliver events and celebrate UK ESA astronaut Tim Peake's six-month Principia Mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), and bringing large-scale exhibition Play On to Germany in 2017. The Edinburgh International Science Festival
980-720: The Canongate suburb merged into the city of Edinburgh in 1856, and the Canongate Tolbooth was abandoned, the north range of the Royal Exchange became too crowded once again and in 1893 the Council bought back the rest of the old Royal Exchange building and renamed it as the Edinburgh City Chambers. The City Chambers continues to be the council's meeting place and official headquarters. In 2006
1029-475: The Edinburgh Science activities in Scotland the organisation also operates internationally. Through Edinburgh Science Worldwide, the organisation work with national and international partners to help with programming and event delivery at other science festivals, provide business planning support and tour the shows and workshops. Edinburgh Science Worldwide has been the content programming partner for
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#17327804756521078-619: The Festival. Over the years, Science Festival partners have included the Medical Research Council , SCI-FUN , the University of Edinburgh , Bang Goes The Theory and many more. Dr. Bunhead regularly appears at the Festival. Speakers have included Professor Richard Dawkins , Brian Cox , Professor Sir Ian Wilmut , Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell , Christiana Figueres and Professor Cordelia Fine. The Edinburgh Medal
1127-548: The Lord Provost and Councillors of my good City of Edinburgh". The council continues to meet in the Edinburgh City Chambers and also holds and maintains properties from the days of the corporation, such as Lauriston Castle (which is used to host the Lord Provost's garden party), the Assembly Rooms and the Church Hill Theatre . Although no longer formally part of the City of Edinburgh Council, it retains
1176-590: The Old Tolbooth. In 1753 Edinburgh Town Council commissioned the construction of a new Royal Exchange as a meeting place for the city merchants, intended to rival the Royal Exchange of London . However the merchants preferred to carry on meeting at the Mercat Cross . Given the conditions of the Old Tolbooth and the underused status of the Royal Exchange, the council moved into the north range of
1225-693: The Pleasance and hands-on activities and more at the National Museum of Scotland and other partner venues across Edinburgh, including Our Dynamic Earth, Edinburgh Zoo, the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and Summerhall. The Festival was first held in 1989, and its principal sponsors were the City of Edinburgh District Council and the Scottish Executive . Alan Shepard , the first American in space, inaugurated
1274-575: The Property Conservation Department in the BBC Scotland documentary Scotland's Property Scandal in 2011; four men pleading guilty to corruption in the allocation of public building work contracts at the Council in 2015; and mis-spending of £400,000 of public money, and a subsequent bullying campaign against the whistleblower who brought this corruption to light in 2021. List of Edinburgh festivals This
1323-483: The Royal Exchange in 1811 while a new fit for purpose permanent presence could be planned, and the Old Tolbooth was demolished. The former location of the Old Tolbooth (fully demolished in 1817) is now marked by the Heart of Midlothian , a heart-shaped sett in the paving of Edinburgh's Royal Mile. The only remaining part of the Old Tolbooth is a door which Walter Scott recovered and added to his home Abbotsford . After
1372-556: The Science Festival hosted the first Mini Maker Faire in Scotland. This Edinburgh Mini Maker Faire event (also run in 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018), bringing together artists, craftspeople, programmers, engineers, and other makers is an offshoot of the Maker Faire initiative, organised by MAKE magazine and O'Reilly Publishing. In the summer of 2013, Edinburgh Science joined forces with National Museums Scotland to deliver
1421-468: The Science Festival to perform their hit album The Race for Space from start to finish. At the 2018 Edinburgh Science Festival, Edinburgh Science engaged the work of US-based artist Jason Hackenwerth to create a giant balloon sculpture in the Grand Gallery of the National Museum of Scotland. Called Event Horizon , this sculpture included 26,000 balloons and represented the point of no return in
1470-520: The UN's Climate Chief from 2010 until July 2016. Generation Science brings science lessons to classrooms all over Scotland with a programme of shows and hands-on workshops. The tour visits schools across Scotland from January to May each year. All Generation Science shows and workshops are linked to the experiences and outcomes of the Scottish Government's Curriculum for Excellence. The aim
1519-456: The bypass. However, aside from the village of Ratho and Riccarton (location of Heriot-Watt University ), the increasingly distant suburbs in this area along the A70 road – Baberton , Juniper Green , Currie and Balerno – are considered to be part of the locality of Edinburgh as their postcodes remain in a 'chain' with the rest of the city. Almond and Pentland Hills are by far the largest of
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1568-412: The city of Edinburgh as well as the former burgh of Queensferry , the district of Kirkliston and part of Winchburgh (from West Lothian ), and the district of Currie and the parish of Cramond (from Midlothian ). The governing body for the new district was called "City of Edinburgh District Council" and had responsibilities including town planning, cleansing and libraries. The district was included within
1617-492: The corporation lives on elsewhere around the city, for example in the name of the members of Muirfield golf club , who were granted a charter by the corporation in 1800 becoming "The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers". The Corporation also awarded trophies to Edinburgh institutions, such as the silver arrow presented as a prize for archery in 1714 to the Royal Company of Archers , and the silver golf club presented to
1666-469: The corporation, contributing councillors and law enforcement officers. The Edinburgh Corporation had the power to institute these organisations via the granting of a "Seal of Cause". This empowered the societies as "a legal corporation with power to hold property, make its own by-laws and regulations". Other organisations to receive the "Seal of Cause" include The Royal Burgess Golfing Society of Edinburgh , who received their seal on 2 July 1800. The history of
1715-414: The council borders of Edinburgh, but are considered part of the Edinburgh settlement (urban area). Thus the local authority area cannot be described wholly as an urban environment, whilst parts of the urban area of Edinburgh lie outside the council area. 506,520 10,400 5,280 2,230 1,270 Before 1368 the city was run from a pretorium (a Latin term for Tolbooth ), and later from around 1400 from
1764-433: The council built a new building called Waverley Court at 4 East Market Street to be the council's administrative offices. With the passage of the City of Edinburgh Council (Portobello Park) Act 2014, the council can appropriate Portobello Park for educational purposes. The council has been at the centre of several corruption scandals in recent years, including allegations of possible fraud, wrong-doing and incompetence in
1813-473: The council represent 17 wards . As a result of the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004 , multi-member wards were introduced for the 2007 election, each electing three or four councillors by the single transferable vote system, to produce a form of proportional representation . Previously each of 58 wards elected one councillor by the first past the post system of election. The last election to
1862-467: The council was held on Thursday, 5 May 2022. Due to an increase in the city's population, five extra seats on the council were added in 2017, along with some minor ward boundary changes. Election results since 1995 have been as follows: The council area borders the Firth of Forth to the north, East Lothian to the east, Midlothian to the south east, Scottish Borders to the south, and West Lothian to
1911-555: The council's wards by area due to their low population density balancing against that of inner-city wards. In contrast to the hinterland in the west, the local authority boundary with East Lothian in the east of the city (north of the end of the bypass within the Portobello/Craigmillar ward ) is at the Brunstane Burn at Eastfield ; the adjoining town of Musselburgh , and Wallyford beyond, are not within
1960-516: The cross-disciplinary skills and subjects that can support and enhance STEM careers. Careers Hive will run 24–29 February 2020 at the National Museum of Scotland. Edinburgh Science Learning is currently developing a career-long professional learning framework that will serve scientists, artists and science engagement professionals, including teachers and youth workers. The programme will be developed with practitioners and will cover individuals from entry level through to master practitioners. Alongside
2009-517: The north-western and western edge of the main urban area (beyond the River Almond , Cammo estate, West Craigs and Gogar within the Almond ward ), and the council area extends around 4 miles (6.4 km) further west from the urban area, taking in the hamlets of Ingliston and Turnhouse adjacent to Edinburgh Airport , the separate villages of Kirkliston , Newbridge , Ratho Station , and
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2058-591: The organisation changed its name from Edinburgh International Science Festival to Edinburgh Science. The Edinburgh Science Festival is an annual science festival taking place across the Easter school holidays in Edinburgh. Each year it delivers the UK's largest Science Festival with almost 270 events for families and adults over the course of two weeks. Its programmes include family days out, hands-on activities, talks and discussions. Family Festival goers enjoy five floors of science at City Art Centre, talks with scientists at
2107-583: The small town of South Queensferry beside the Forth Bridges . These are all considered to be separate localities in the Scottish Government's statistics on the basis of being separate urban areas. South of this, the Pentland Hills ward has a similar semi-rural profile: its furthest point is over 7 miles (11 km) from the A720, and Wester Hailes is its only component neighbourhood within
2156-401: The town a county of itself , separating it from the jurisdiction of the surrounding county of Midlothian (which was formally called the "county of Edinburgh" or Edinburghshire until 1947). The burgh was subsequently described as the "city and county of the city of Edinburgh" to distinguish it from the surrounding "county of Edinburgh" (Midlothian). Until 1975 the governing body of the city
2205-616: The various festivals are put on by separate, unrelated organisations. However they are widely regarded as part of the same event, particularly the various festivals that take place simultaneously in August each year. The term Edinburgh Festival is often used to refer more specifically to the Fringe, being the largest of the festivals; or sometimes to the International Festival, being the original "official" arts festival. Within
2254-531: The west. About 45% of the council area is the urban area of Edinburgh, which is bounded to the north by the Firth of Forth, particularly including the areas north of the A720 City of Edinburgh bypass . Edinburgh's city status attaches to the whole council area, despite the area including more rural parts outside the main urban area. The landscape changes to farmland, much of which is designated as green belt , at
2303-643: The year. Edinburgh Science also operates a large-scale international programme of work under the Worldwide arm. It regularly presents events overseas and has been the major programming partner of the annual Abu Dhabi Science Festival, helping to curate, produce, and deliver the event. Edinburgh Science holds various educational activities and events. Their portfolio includes more than 100 workshops, exhibitions, and shows which are delivered worldwide though festivals, schools outreach, careers events, collaboration projects, and health education programmes. In January 2019,
2352-725: Was formally called the "Lord Provost, Magistrates and Council of the City and Royal Burgh of Edinburgh", but was generally termed "Edinburgh Corporation". As such, the Edinburgh Corporation was responsible for local government services, such as the Edinburgh Corporation Transport Department ( Edinburgh Corporation Tramways until 1928). Bodies such as the Merchant Company of Edinburgh , the Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh and The High Constables of Edinburgh formed part of
2401-517: Was instituted by the City of Edinburgh District Council in 1988. Each year this prestigious award is given to men and women of science and technology whose professional achievements are judged to have made a significant contribution to the understanding and well-being of humanity. The Medalist then delivers a lecture at the Edinburgh Science Festival. The 2019 Edinburgh Medal was awarded to Christiana Figueres , for her work as
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