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28-421: Illnau-Effretikon is first mentioned in 745 as Illenavvia and Erpfratinchova . At first the name of the municipality was Illnau as that town used to be the political and economic center of the municipality. However, when the railway connection was built from Zurich to Winterthur in 1855, only the much smaller Effretikon was in a position to receive a railway station. Subsequently, the economic boom caused by

56-477: A certain time in Switzerland are also allowed to participate in municipal politics. As at the cantonal and federal level, citizens enjoy political rights, including direct democratic ones, in their municipality. Municipalities are financed through direct taxes (such as income tax ), with rates varying more or less within a framework set by the canton (see Taxation in Switzerland ). As among the cantons, there

84-416: A population (as of 31 December 2020) of 17,352. As of 2007, 20.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. As of 2008 the gender distribution of the population was 49% male and 51% female. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 6.4%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (84.9%), with Italian being second most common ( 4.3%) and Albanian being third ( 2.1%). In

112-449: Is a tax transfer among the municipalities to balance various levels of tax income. Switzerland has a relatively high number of small municipalities, with a population of 1,000 or less, especially in rural areas. Because of the increasing difficulty in providing professional government services and in finding volunteers for political offices in small municipalities, the cantons tend to encourage voluntary mergers of municipalities. This led to

140-566: Is generally well educated. In Illnau-Effretikon about 75.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). There are 6702 households in Illnau-Effretikon. Illnau-Effretikon has an unemployment rate of 3.24%. As of 2005, there were 293 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 73 businesses involved in this sector. 1610 people are employed in

168-621: Is served by two railway stations. Effretikon railway station is on the Zurich to Winterthur main line and is served by Zürich S-Bahn routes S2 , S3 , S7 , S8 , S19 and S24 . Illnau railway station is on the Effretikon to Hinwil line and is served by S3 and S19. Municipalities of Switzerland Municipalities ( German : Gemeinden , Einwohnergemeinden or politische Gemeinden ; French : communes ; Italian : comuni ; Romansh : vischnancas ) are

196-399: Is used for agricultural purposes, while 29.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 17.2% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (1.3%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). In 1996 housing and buildings made up 10.8% of the total area, while transportation infrastructure made up the rest (6.4%). Of the total unproductive area, water (streams and lakes) made up 0.4% of

224-809: The Bürgerrecht (citizenship), regardless of where they were born or where they may currently live. Instead of the place of birth , Swiss legal documents, e.g. passports, contain the Bürgerort (place of citizenship, or place of origin ). The Bürgergemeinde also often holds and administers the common property in the village for the members of the community. Each canton determines the powers and responsibilities of its municipalities. These may include providing local government services such as education, medical and social services, public transportation, and tax collection. The degree of centralization varies from one canton to another. The federal constitution protects

252-854: The Hinwil–Effretikon line , joining the Winterthur–Zürich line at Effretikon . It then runs via the Zürichberg Tunnel and stopping at Zürich Stadelhofen and Zurich Hauptbahnhof . During peak hours service continues north via the Oerlikon–Bülach railway to Bülach . The following stations are served: [REDACTED] Up until December 2018, the S3 operated via the Zürich–Baden railway as far as Dietikon, instead of turning north to Bülach. Alternate trains continued further along

280-611: The Zürich S-Bahn on the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) , the Zürich transportation network. It is operated by Swiss Federal Railways . At Zürich HB , trains of the S3 service usually depart from underground tracks ( Gleis ) 41–44 ( Museumstrasse station ). The core of the service links Wetzikon , in the east of the canton of Zürich , and Zürich Hardbrücke , in central Zürich. This core service runs via

308-426: The secondary sector and there are 156 businesses in this sector. 3148 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 488 businesses in this sector. As of 2007 50% of the working population were employed full-time, and 50% were employed part-time. As of 2008 there were 4085 Catholics and 6167 Protestants in Illnau-Effretikon. In the 2000 census, religion was broken down into several smaller categories. From

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336-562: The 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 38% of the vote. The next two most popular parties were the SPS (17.7%) and the FDP (10.8%). The age distribution of the population (as of 2000) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.2%. The entire Swiss population

364-611: The Zürich to Olten line, from Dietikon to Aarau , in the canton of Aargau . An extended S11 replaced the S3 between Hardbrücke and Aarau. As of the December 2022 timetable change, all services are operated Re 450 class locomotives pushing or pulling double-deck passenger carriages. Over the core route between Wetzikon and Hardbrücke, the normal frequency is one train every 30 minutes. A limited number of trains operate to and from Bülach during peak hours. A journey over

392-411: The area. As of 2007 12.5% of the total municipal area was undergoing some type of construction. The municipality is located in the mid-Kempt valley. It consists of the villages of Illnau, Effretikon (including Rikon), Ottikon and Bisikon as well as the hamlets of Agasul, Bietenholz, portions of Billikon, First, Horben, Kemleten, Luckhausen, portions of Mesikon and Oberkempttal. Illnau-Effretikon has

420-403: The autonomy of municipalities within the framework set out by cantonal law. Municipalities are generally governed by an executive council headed by a president or mayor . Legislative authority is exercised by a town meeting of all citizens, or by a municipal parliament, depending on the size of the municipality, and on cantonal and municipal law. In some cantons, foreigners who have lived for

448-525: The census, 48.4% were some type of Protestant, with 45.1% belonging to the Swiss Reformed Church and 3.3% belonging to other Protestant churches. 28.4% of the population were Catholic. Of the rest of the population, 5.8% were Muslim, 8.4% belonged to another religion (not listed), 2.8% did not give a religion, and 11.2% were atheist or agnostic. The historical population is given in the following table: The municipality of Illnau-Effretikon

476-724: The exercise of political rights for everyone except the members of the Bürgergemeinde . In the Regeneration era (1830–1848), the liberal revolutions of the common people helped to restore some rights again in a few cantons. In other cantons, the Bürgergemeinden were able to maintain power as political communities. In the city of Zürich it was not until the Municipal Act of 1866 that the political municipality came back into existence. The relationship between

504-659: The lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of the Swiss cantons , which form the Swiss Confederation . In most cantons, municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions. There are 2,131 municipalities as of January 2024 . Their populations range between several hundred thousand ( Zürich ), and a few dozen people ( Kammersrohr , Bister ), and their territory between 0.32 km² ( Rivaz ) and 439 km² ( Scuol ). The beginnings of

532-584: The modern municipality system date back to the Helvetic Republic . Under the Old Swiss Confederacy , citizenship was granted by each town and village to only residents. These citizens enjoyed access to community property and in some cases additional protection under the law. Additionally, the urban towns and the rural villages had differing rights and laws. The creation of a uniform Swiss citizenship, which applied equally for citizens of

560-471: The municipalities under cantonal or federal law. Municipalities are numbered by the Swiss Federal Office for Statistics (see Community Identification Number#Switzerland ). One or more postal codes (PLZ/NPA) can by assigned to a municipality or shared with other municipalities. Between 2011 and 2021 nine of the smallest municipalities merged into others as part of the effort to eliminate

588-436: The number of municipalities dropping by 384 between the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2019. Some municipalities designate themselves as "city" ( ville or Stadt ) or as "village" ( Dorf ). These designations result from tradition or local preference – for example, several small municipalities designated as cities held city rights in medieval times – and normally do not impact the legal or political rights or obligations of

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616-533: The old towns and their tenants and servants, led to conflict. The wealthier villagers and urban citizens held rights to forests, common land and other municipal property which they did not want to share with the "new citizens", who were generally poor. The compromise solution, which was written into the municipal laws of the Helvetic Republic, is still valid today. Two politically separate but often geographically similar organizations were created. The first,

644-408: The political municipality and the Bürgergemeinde was often dominated by the latter's ownership of community property. Often the administration and profit from the property were totally held by the Bürgergemeinden , leaving the political municipality dependent on the Bürgergemeinde for money and use of the property. It was not until the political municipality acquired rights over property that served

672-447: The political voting and electoral body rights from the Bürgergemeinde . In the cities, the percentage of members in the Bürgergemeinde in the population was reduced as a result of increasing emigration to the cities. This led to the Bürgergemeinde losing its former importance to a large extent. However, the Bürgergemeinde has remained, and it includes all individuals who are citizens of the Bürgergemeinde , usually by having inherited

700-507: The public (such as schools, fire stations, etc.) and taxes, that they obtained full independence. For example, in the city of Bern, it was not until after the property division of 1852 that the political municipality had the right to levy taxes. It was not until the Federal Constitution of 1874 that all Swiss citizens were granted equal political rights on local and Federal levels. This revised constitution finally removed all

728-443: The railway made Effretikon grow disproportionately until it had outgrown Illnau by the beginning of the 20th century. The name of the municipality was finally changed to Illnau-Effretikon in 1973. On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Kyburg and Illnau-Effretikon merged to form the municipality of Illnau-Effretikon. Before the 2016 merger, Illnau-Effretikon had an area of 25.3 km (9.8 sq mi). Of this area, 52.1%

756-399: The smallest communities. Only Bister has not merged into a new municipality although the smallest municipality is now Kammersrohr with a population of just 32. In addition to the municipalities as basic territorial political subdivisions, a number of other local subdivisions exist in several cantons. These include: S3 (ZVV) The S3 is a regional railway service of

784-677: The so-called municipality, was a political community formed by election and its voting body consists of all resident citizens. However, the community land and property remained with the former local citizens who were gathered together into the Bürgergemeinde /bourgeoisie. During the Mediation era (1803–1814), and especially during the Restoration era (1814–1830), many of the gains toward uniform citizenship were lost. Many political municipalities were abolished and limits were placed on

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