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18-916: El Pueblo may refer to: Places [ edit ] El Pueblo (Pueblo, Colorado) , listed on the NRHP in Pueblo County, Colorado El Pueblo, Wichita, Kansas Barrios of Puerto Rico , 75 barrio-pueblos, municipality seats in Puerto Rico Newspapers [ edit ] El Pueblo (Spanish newspaper) El Pueblo (Nicaraguan newspaper) Other uses [ edit ] El Pueblo de Los Ángeles Historical Monument in California El Pueblo History Museum in Colorado Topics referred to by

36-465: A ditch in front, the opposite side of which would be built up above the natural level then slope away gradually. This glacis shielded most of the bastion from the attacker's cannon while the distance from the base of the ditch to the top of the bastion meant it was still difficult to scale. In contrast to typical late medieval towers, bastions (apart from early examples) were flat sided rather than curved. This eliminated dead ground making it possible for

54-456: A greater thickness of hard-packed earth or rubble behind. The top of the bastion was exposed to enemy fire, and normally would not be faced with masonry as cannonballs hitting the surface would scatter lethal stone shards among the defenders. If a bastion was successfully stormed, it could provide the attackers with a stronghold from which to launch further attacks. Some bastion designs attempted to minimise this problem. This could be achieved by

72-567: Is believed to have been a gated property with a central courtyard. The structure is believed to have had a windowless exterior wall and an internal plaza, with entry to rooms via the plaza. Francis Parkman described it as "nothing more than a large square enclosure, surrounded by a wall of mud, miserably cracked and dilapidated". Up to 100 or 150 people lived at El Pueblo, with several rooms for each trader and their families. The types of rooms included those for trading, living, cooking, storing, and performing blacksmith work. Goods were traded in

90-500: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages El Pueblo (Pueblo, Colorado) El Pueblo , also called Fort Pueblo , was a trading post and fort near the present-day city of Pueblo in Pueblo County, Colorado . It operated from 1842 until 1854, selling goods, livestock, and produce. It was attacked in 1854, killing up to 19 men and capturing three people. A recreation of

108-481: The trace italienne forts by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban , that remained in use during the Napoleonic Wars . Bastions differ from medieval towers in a number of respects. Bastions are lower than towers and are normally of similar height to the adjacent curtain wall. The height of towers, although making them difficult to scale, also made them easy for artillery to destroy. A bastion would normally have

126-502: The Eighty Years War (1568–1648) Dutch military engineers developed the concepts further by lengthening the faces and shortening the curtain walls of the bastions. The resulting construction was called a bolwerk . To augment this change they placed v-shaped outworks known as ravelins in front of the bastions and curtain walls to protect them from direct artillery fire. These ideas were further developed and incorporated into

144-646: The United States to honor treaties created conflict in the area and by 1854, there was a massacre at the post. According to accounts of residents who traded at the plaza (including that of George Simpson), the Fort Pueblo Massacre happened sometime between December 23 and December 25, 1854, by a war party of Utes and Jicarilla Apaches under the leadership of Tierra Blanca, a Ute chief. They allegedly killed between fifteen and nineteen men, as well as captured two children and one woman. Much of

162-514: The building was dismantled during the attack. The trading post was abandoned after the raid, but it became important again between 1858 and 1859 during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush of 1859. In 1891, portions of the adobe walls were still visible along Union Avenue and the tracks of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway . The river's courses had changed since the mid-1800s and the exact location

180-418: The central plaza. People who lived at the post raised crops and livestock, which were traded along with goods. Buffalo hides were bartered, as the demand for beaver fur had dropped. The traders bartered with Native American tribes for hides, skins, livestock, as well as cultivated plants, and liquor. Evidence of this trade, as well as other utilitarian goods, such as Native American pottery shards were found at

198-537: The daily operations of the post. James Beckwourth claimed to have been an original builder of the fort but efforts to discredit his claims have been suggested as due to racism. John C. Fremont stated of his visit in 1843 that the men were mostly mountain men and the women were from Taos. It stood just west of the mouth of the Fountain Creek and on the north side of the Arkansas River , which

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216-410: The defenders to fire upon any point directly in front of the bastion. Bastions also cover a larger area than most towers. This allows more cannons to be mounted and provided enough space for the crews to operate them. Surviving examples of bastions are usually faced with masonry. Unlike the wall of a tower this was just a retaining wall; cannonballs were expected to pass through this and be absorbed by

234-561: The fort is located at the El Pueblo History Museum at the site of the original fort. The independent trading post was established in 1842 by traders, trappers, and hunters of Hispanic, French, Anglo, and Native American heritage. The idea began with Bent's Old Fort trader George Simpson. Other likely individuals include Mathew Kinkead , Joseph Mantz, Francisco Conn, Robert Fisher, Joseph Doyle , and Alexander Barclay . Teresita Sandoval played an instrumental role in

252-593: The middle of the 15th century, artillery pieces had become powerful enough to make the traditional medieval round tower and curtain wall obsolete. This was exemplified by the campaigns of Charles VII of France who reduced the towns and castles held by the English during the latter stages of the Hundred Years War , and by the fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the large cannon of the Turkish army. During

270-617: The recently excavated site. Its customers also included traders from Taos and American trappers. Visitors included James Beckwourth, Richens Lacey Wootton , and Kit Carson . The business at the post declined with the beginning of the Mexican–American War in 1848. Some of the traders followed the California Gold Rush of 1849. The demand for buffalo fur and robes dropped about 1850. Pressure of new emigrants passing through former Native American lands and failure of

288-414: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title El Pueblo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=El_Pueblo&oldid=937498123 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

306-467: Was the border between Mexico and the United States at that time. The Cherokee Trail and Trapper's Trail , also called the Taos Trail, were nearby trading routes. The fort was about 200 x 200 feet, with an entrance on the east side and bastions on the corners. The common, flat room was supported by large wooden beams. Made of adobe, it offered protection against "Indians and thieving whites". It

324-582: Was unknown until it was found in 1991 by the University of Southern Colorado during an archaeological excavation. The Farris Hotel had been built over the site, which was found under the site of the hotel during excavation. A smaller recreation of the fort and an archaeological site of the former fort is located at the El Pueblo History Museum . The post site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Bastion By

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