54-649: Ernie Davis Academy is the junior high school in Elmira, New York , United States. It occupies the building formerly used by the Elmira Free Academy , a high school, which merged with Southside High School to become Elmira High School in September 2014. It has 855 students in grades 7–8 with a student-teacher ratio of 13 to 1. According to state test scores, 18 percent of students are at least proficient in math and 22 percent in reading. The building used by
108-551: A division consisting of around 6,000 to 25,000 troops (several regiments or brigades ). It is a rank that is subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the rank of brigadier or brigadier general . In the Commonwealth, major general is equivalent to the navy rank of rear admiral . In air forces with a separate rank structure (Commonwealth), major general is equivalent to air vice-marshal . In some countries including much of Eastern Europe , major general
162-559: A Major General rank is usually held by someone that is a Regional Military Command General Officer Commanding (Regional Commander or တိုင်းမှူး) or a Director such as Director of Defence Service Intelligence ( Khin Nyunt for example) In the New Zealand Army , major-general is the rank held by the chief of army (formerly the chief of general staff). The more senior rank of lieutenant-general is reserved for when an army officer holds
216-467: A World War 2 era Victory Ship , was named after the city. The following are listed on the National Register of Historic Places : Major General Major general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general . In English-speaking countries , when appointed to a field command, a major general is typically in command of
270-599: A cabin after resigning just before the end of the Revolutionary War. Miller's Pond and Miller Street are named after him and are near the location of his house. The New York legislature established the Township of Chemung, now Chemung County , in 1788. The settlement of Newtown was soon established at the intersection of Newtown Creek and the Chemung River . In 1792, the settlement at Newtown joined with
324-418: A combination of malnutrition , prolonged exposure to brutal winter weather and disease directly attributable to the dismal sanitary conditions on Foster's Pond and lack of medical care. The camp's dead were prepared for burial and laid to rest by the sexton at Woodlawn National Cemetery , ex-slave John W. Jones . At the end of the war, each prisoner was given a loyalty oath and given a train ticket back home;
378-541: A major-general in the Royal Canadian Air Force is a wide braid under a single narrow braid on the cuff, as well as two silver maple leaves beneath a crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown. In the Canadian Army, the rank insignia is a wide braid on the cuff, as well as two gold maple leaves beneath a crossed sword and baton, all surmounted by St. Edward's Crown. It is worn on
432-525: A member or the legislature and a man of influence, having seen this beautiful valley, resolved that Newtown should be the principal city, and that it should bear the name of a lady friend for whom he entertained a high opinion, and accordingly, in 18[0]8, the name was changed to Elmira. Elmira served as a transportation hub for New York's Southern Tier in the 1800s, connecting commercial centers in Rochester and Buffalo with Albany and New York City , via
486-598: A population in 2000 of 90,070. The Elmira MSA was ranked as the 59th safest place to live out of 344 Metro Areas in 2005 by Morgan Quitno Press. The three largest ethnic groups in Elmira are Irish, German and Italian. The city government is a Council-Manager form of government in which the City Manager is the primary administrator of the city. There is one mayor elected at large and six council members elected from each of six council districts. The term of office of
540-595: A state prison for first offenders in 1866. It opened in 1876 as the Elmira Reformatory, under the direction of Zebulon Brockway , serving offenders aged sixteen to thirty. It was the first institution of its kind, and a model for others to follow. In 1970 the complex was renamed the Elmira Correctional and Reception Center. In 1950, the Elmira's population peaked at about 50,000, which represented 57 percent of Chemung County's total population at
594-411: A wide variety of heat treatment technologies to both domestic and international customers such as Hilliard Corp., Ford Motors, General Signal and others. Hardinge, Inc. (formerly Hardinge Brothers), established in 1890 and now headquartered in Elmira, manufactures precise turning machines for the domestic and international market. Starting in 1995, Hardinge began expanding their product line and over
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#1732802132092648-761: Is "Honoring the Past, Building the Future" . It is featured on an Entrance sign erected in 2003 into the city from Exit 56 of the Southern Tier Expressway along with honored Elmirans including (L to R) Brian Williams , Hal Roach , Ernie Davis , Mark Twain , Eileen Collins , John Jones , and Tommy Hilfiger . The slogan was designated by Mayor Stephen Hughes following the conclusion of a slogan contest in which Marlin Stewart, Alan and Barbara Hutchinson, and James Lloyd were recognized for their contributions to
702-422: Is a medium-size regional airport, and the only area airport that offers scheduled airline service. Located 7 miles (11 km) northwest of downtown, the airport has non-stop flights to Detroit in addition to seasonal flights to Atlanta served by Delta Air Lines , and two routes to Florida served by Allegiant Air with the airline serving seasonal flights to Punta Gorda and Myrtle Beach . The City Slogan
756-577: Is both a Canadian Army and Royal Canadian Air Force rank equivalent to the Royal Canadian Navy 's rank of rear-admiral . A major-general is a general officer , the equivalent of a naval flag officer . The major-general rank is senior to the ranks of brigadier general and commodore , and junior to lieutenant-general and vice admiral . Prior to 1968, the Air Force used the rank of air vice-marshal , instead. The rank insignia for
810-514: Is land and 0.27 sq mi (0.7 km ) (3.56%) is water. The Chemung River flows eastward through the city. Elmira is built almost entirely in the flood plain of the Chemung River and has suffered many floods, the worst from Hurricane Agnes in 1972. Newtown Creek, flowing from the north, joins the Chemung River at the city's southeast corner. Interstate 86 / New York State Route 17 , The Southern Tier Expressway , connects with
864-456: Is named after Major General Matthew Carpenter's daughter. This naming occurred, according to this book, in 1821 at the constitutional convention to which Matthew was a delegate. In any case, the City of Elmira, nicknamed "The Queen City," was incorporated in 1864 from part of the town of Elmira and the village of Elmira. The remaining part of the town of Elmira exists still, surrounding the city on
918-460: Is one of the world's largest manufacturers of products for waterworks distribution, potable and wastewater treatment, and fire protection system projects. They are most famous for their fire hydrants which can be found around the world. Kennedy Valve was acquired by McWane in 1988. Trayer Products, established in 1929, manufactures parts mostly for the heavy truck industry; primarily truck chassis parts such as king pins and shackles. During
972-541: Is served by several intercity bus operators. New York Trailways serves Elmira on one of its routes between Binghamton and Rochester . Short Line serves Elmira on its route between Binghamton and Olean . OurBus provides service to Elmira on a route between New York City and Niagara Falls . Fullington Trailways discontinued service between Elmira and Williamsport, Pennsylvania in April 2022. The Elmira Corning Regional Airport ( IATA code ELM, ICAO code KELM)
1026-764: Is the lowest of the general officer ranks without brigadier general rank. In the sultanate of Brunei , the rank of Major general ( Malay : Mejar jeneral ) is used by the Royal Brunei Land Force and the Royal Brunei Air Force . The rank is held by the Commander of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces . In the Canadian Armed Forces , the rank of major-general (MGen) ( French : major-général )
1080-662: The American Civil War . Elmira College is located within the city. The region of Elmira was inhabited by the Cayuga nation (also known as the Kanawaholla) of the Haudenosaunee prior to European colonization . Cayuga residing in the region maintained relations with European settlers, primarily related to the fur trade , but were otherwise relatively isolated from encroaching colonial settlements. During
1134-859: The American Revolutionary War , the Sullivan Expedition of 1779 was mounted by the Continental Army against the four Haudenosaunee nations which had allied with the British . The expeditionary force fought a combined British-Haudenosaunee force at the Battle of Newtown , south of the current city, in which the Continental Army was victorious. After the conclusion of the war, the Haudenosaunee and
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#17328021320921188-615: The United States signed a treaty at Elmira in 1791 to settle territorial disputes in the region. Most of the Cayuga emigrated under pressure from encroaching American settlements with the other nations of the Haudenosaunee to Canada , where they resettled on land provided by the British Crown . The first European-American settler in Elmira was Abraham Miller, who served as a captain in the Continental Army. Miller constructed
1242-653: The Army ( Major-General do Exército ) became extinct in 1950, with their roles being unified in the then created Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces . In the Russian Army , the rank 'major general' is known as Russian : генера́л-майо́р , romanized : generál-mayór . It is equivalent to a British brigadier or an American brigadier general . The Turkish Army and Air Force refer to
1296-580: The City of Elmira: 14901 (northside), 14902 (downtown), 14904 (southside), and 14905 (West Elmira). The Chemung County Transit System operates regularly scheduled fixed route service within the City of Elmira and Village of Horseheads. Another route links Elmira with Corning Community College, also linking passengers with the Steuben County Transit System (SCT) and Corning Erwin Area Transit System (CEATS). Elmira
1350-629: The Elmira and Jefferson Railroad gave the area a route north and, in 1854, the Elmira and Williamsport Railroad a route south. These railroads and their connections made the city a prime location for an Army training and muster point early in the Civil War . In 1872 construction began on the Utica, Ithaca and Elmira Railroad , eventually creating a route to Cortland and Syracuse via Horseheads , Breesport and Van Etten . The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad , completed in 1884, competed with
1404-529: The Erie's New York City to Buffalo line. A great deal of the 30-acre (120,000 m ) Union installation, known as Camp Rathbun, fell into disuse as the Civil War progressed, and the camp's "Barracks #3" were converted into a Civil War prisoner of war camp in the summer of 1864. The camp, in use from June 6, 1864, until autumn 1865, was dubbed "Hellmira" by its inmates. Towner's history of 1892 and maps from
1458-456: The UDC implemented the "New Elmira Plan". This entailed the removal of buildings along the river to create Riverside Park, and razing other buildings in the business district for two parking garages. Altogether, forty percent of Elmira's commercial space was eliminated as part of the plan. Local citizens lamented the loss of character and vibrancy of downtown Elmira. In March 1993, the city of Elmira
1512-521: The Wisnerburg and DeWittsburg settlements to form the village of Newtown. In 1808, the village officially changed its name to the Town of Elmira , at a town meeting held at Teal's Tavern. It is said the town was named after tavern owner Nathan Teal's young daughter, but that story has never been confirmed. According to Amos Bugbee Carpenter's "Carpenter Memorial" family history book printed in 1898, Elmira
1566-405: The average family size was 3.05. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 13.0% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males. The median income for a household in the city
1620-827: The beer, food, beverage and liquor markets in North America. Anchor Glass is now wholly owned by the Ardagh Group S.A. CAF-USA Inc has its main U.S. plant in Elmira Heights on the site of the former American Bridge Company . CAF USA is a subsidiary company of Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles , a Spanish manufacturer of passenger rail products (including trains, high-speed trains, locomotives, light rail vehicles and other rail equipment). CAF-USA Inc trains are typically designed for North America's market, based on Spanish design and technologies. Elmira Heat Treating, established in 1962 in Elmira, offers
1674-795: The canal system and railroads. The city was the southern terminus of the Chemung Canal completed in 1833; later, the Junction Canal was constructed to connect Elmira with Corning , facilitating transport of coal from the Pennsylvania mines via the Northern branch of the Susquehanna Canal system. In 1849, the New York and Erie Railroad was built through Elmira, giving the area a New York City to Buffalo route. In 1850,
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1728-541: The city at Exit 56. New York State Route 14 passes through Elmira between Watkins Glen and Pennsylvania . New York State Route 13 begins near Lake Ontario and travels through Cortland and Ithaca before ending in Elmira. New York State Route 352 begins in Elmira at Exit 56 of the Southern Tier Expressway and continues West into Corning . As of the census of 2000, there were 30,940 people, 11,475 households, and 6,701 families residing in
1782-444: The city. The population density was 4,229.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,633.0/km ). There were 12,895 housing units at an average density of 1,762.7 per square mile (680.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 82.03% White , 13.05% Black or African American , 0.39% Native American , 0.49% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 1.37% from other races , and 2.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.14% of
1836-526: The cleanup. Operating in secrecy, Rochester, NY-based Eastman Kodak sent crews as part of Operation Rebuild. Their efforts rebuilt 78 homes and assisted in the repairs of countless others. Elmira city leaders approached the New York State Urban Development Corporation (UDC) to lead the redevelopment of the city post-flood. With a select group of businessmen and city officials attempting to minimize public input,
1890-404: The last prisoner left the camp on September 27, 1865. The camp was closed, demolished and converted to farmland. Woodlawn Cemetery, about 2 miles (3 km) north of the original prison camp site (bounded by West Hill, Bancroft, Davis and Mary Streets), was designated a " National Cemetery " in 1877. The prison camp site is today a residential area. The state legislature authorized the building of
1944-629: The mayor and council members was two years, until a 2003 referendum extended the terms to four years (four-year terms began after the 2007 election). The mayor and council members are all part-time employees. The City Manager, City Clerk, City Chamberlain, City Assessor, and Corporation Counsel are all appointed by the City Council. All remaining department heads serve at the request of the City Manager. The city has 125 miles (201 km) of road, 210 miles (340 km) of water lines, and 175 miles (282 km) of sewer lines. There are four ZIP codes in
1998-472: The period indicate the camp occupied a somewhat irregular parallelogram , running about 1,000 feet (300 m) west and approximately the same distance south of a location several hundred feet west of Hoffman Street (Foster Avenue) and Winsor Avenue, bordered on the south by Foster's Pond, on the north bank of the Chemung River. In the months the site was used as a camp, 12,123 Confederate soldiers were incarcerated; of these, 2,963 died during their stay from
2052-410: The population. There were 11,475 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.3% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.6% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and
2106-747: The position of chief of defence force, who commands all of New Zealand's armed forces. This position is subject to rotation between the heads of the New Zealand Air Force , New Zealand Army, and New Zealand Navy . Major general in the Pakistan Army is equivalent to rear admiral in the Pakistan Navy and air vice marshal in the Pakistan Air Force . It is the lowest of the general officer ranks, ranking between brigadier and lieutenant general. The rank of major-general
2160-445: The previous junior high school for students from the area north of the Chemung River, Ernie Davis Jr. High School, is now used by a charter elementary school. Elmira, New York Elmira ( / ɛ l ˈ m aɪ r ə / ) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York , United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area , which encompasses Chemung County. The population
2214-711: The rank as tümgeneral . The Turkish Navy equivalent is tümamiral . The name is derived from tümen , the Turkish word for a military division ( tümen itself is an older Turkish word meaning 10,000). Thus, linguistically, it is similar to the French equivalent for a major general, French : général de division . In the United States , the rank of major general exists in the United States Air Force , United States Army , United States Marine Corps , and United States Space Force . Generalmajor
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2268-464: The shoulder straps of the service dress tunic, and on slip-ons on other uniforms. On the visor of the service cap are two rows of gold oak leaves. Major-generals are initially addressed as 'general' and name, as are all general officers; thereafter by subordinates as 'sir' or 'ma'am' as applicable in English ( French : mon général ). Major-generals are normally entitled to staff cars . In Myanmar,
2322-492: The summer of 1972, Hurricane Agnes struck the eastern seaboard of the United States, causing significant damage stretching from Florida into New England. Elmira was particularly hit hard by the flood, with over an estimated $ 291 million in damage. Over 15,000 people had to flee the city, and approximately 5,000 homes were damaged or destroyed. Coordinated efforts between local churches and regional businesses helped with
2376-598: The time. Today, the city has approximately 25,000 residents, which represents 34 percent of Chemung County's population. This population decline is due to the national decline in railroads and manufacturing as well as a population shift to the outer suburbs around Elmira. The Elmira Metro area has nearly 100,000 people. The population decline began during the recession of the early 1970s during which several large employers (Ann Page, American Bridge, General Electric , American LaFrance, Westinghouse and Remington Rand) either closed their factories or moved to other states. The decline
2430-480: The west, north and east. The city and town share an intricately entwined history. It appears that Amos Carpenter in his 1898 book was referencing an 1879 book. White Man's Legend. In the early days, when new settlements had to be named, the white man, in imitation of his aboriginal forerunner, gave a name to his settlement that was associated either with tradition, or, as in this case, with his ideal of loveliness. According to Hon. Hiram Gray, Matthew Carpenter, then
2484-592: The winning slogan. In 2021, the sign was defaced as Brian Williams was replaced with Judge Jeanine Pirro . On at least two hilltops near the city (mostly on Harris Hill to the northwest) pioneer pilots established the sport of gliding in America. Harris Hill is the site of the National Soaring Museum and was also used for glider trainings during World War 2. These sites are now recognized as National Landmarks of Soaring . The SS Elmira Victory ,
2538-587: The years has acquired L. Kellenberger & Co. AG, Hauser-Tripet-Tschudin AG, Jones & Shipman, and Usach Technologies, Inc. In 2004 they also acquired Bridgeport, world-famous for its milling machines and machining centers. Hilliard Corporation, established in 1905, has two locations in Elmira and serves the international market in filters, brakes, clutches and starters for a variety of industrial and commercial uses as well as consumer equipment from Polaris and MTD . Kennedy Valve, located in Elmira since 1905,
2592-505: Was $ 27,292, and the median income for a family was $ 33,592. Males had a median income of $ 31,775 versus $ 22,350 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 14,495. About 17.9% of families and 23.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 32.6% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over. The Elmira, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area (or Elmira MSA) is frequently used for statistical information such as labor rates and includes all of Chemung County with
2646-508: Was 0.5 miles (0.80 km) wide and took the city by surprise as this area has not been prone to tornadic activity. Elmira is at 42°5′23″N 76°48′34″W / 42.08972°N 76.80944°W / 42.08972; -76.80944 (42.089874, −76.809559). According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has an area of 7.6 sq mi (19.6 km ), of which 7.3 sq mi (19.0 km )
2700-584: Was 26,523 at the 2020 census , down from 29,200 at the 2010 census , a decline of more than 7 percent. The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira . It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line. The city was the site of the Elmira Prison , a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during
2754-581: Was exacerbated by the flood of 1972, during which many of the downtown businesses and single-family homes were destroyed or replaced by subsequent Urban Renewal projects in the Chemung River flood plain. Anchor Glass Container Corporation, headquartered in Tampa, Florida , is in the old Thatcher Glass facility in Elmira Heights . Anchor Glass produces a diverse line of flint, amber, green and other colored glass containers of various types and designs for
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#17328021320922808-462: Was hit hard by a snow blizzard, nicknamed " Storm of the Century ", that added 17 inches of snow to Elmira in a single day. On July 26, 2012, an EF1 tornado touched down near Cottage Drive off of Route 352 and traveled through Golden Glow and the rest of the city. Moderate damage was seen after the storm passed and hundreds of trees and power lines were blown down. No one was injured. The tornado
2862-549: Was moved up one level, with the role of brigade commander being assumed by the below rank of brigadier-general. In most of the 19th and first half of the 20th century, major-general was not used as a rank in the Portuguese military, but as an appointment title conferred to the general officer that acted as the military head of a service branch . The roles of Major-General of the Navy ( Major-General da Armada ) and Major-General of
2916-544: Was reintroduced in the Portuguese Army , Portuguese Air Force , and Portuguese National Republican Guard in 1999, replacing the former rank of brigadier in the role of brigade commander. As a rank, it had previously been used in the Army only for a brief period (from 1862 to 1864). It is equivalent to the rank of contra-almirante (rear-admiral) in the Portuguese Navy . In 2015, the rank of major-general
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