22-617: The European Union Civil Service Tribunal was a specialised court within the Court of Justice of the European Union . It was established on 2 December 2005. It ceased to exist on 1 September 2016. The Treaty of Nice provides for the creation of judicial panels in certain specific areas. This provision is later amended and codified in Article 257 ("specialised courts") of the Treaty on
44-614: A proposal from the Commission after consultation of the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice after consultation of the Commission. [...] The Council of the European Union on 2 November 2004, adopted on that basis a decision establishing the European Union Civil Service Tribunal. The new specialised court, composed of seven judges, was called upon to adjudicate in disputes between
66-528: A right of appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only. In view of the increasing number of cases brought before the General Court in the last five years, to relieve it of some of the caseload, the Treaty of Nice , which entered into force on 1 February 2003, provides for the creation of 'judicial panels' in certain specific areas. On 2 November 2004 the Council adopted a decision establishing
88-486: A written phase and an oral phase. The proceedings are conducted in a language at the petitioner's choosing. As in the European Court of Justice , the working language of the Court is nevertheless French, and this includes the language the judges deliberate in and the drafting language of preliminary reports and judgments. The Court is separated into 9 divisions (called ‘chambers’) sat by 3-judge benches, except for
110-759: Is to ensure that "the law is observed" "in the interpretation and application" of the Treaties of the European Union . To achieve this, it: The composition and functioning of the courts are regulated by the Rules of Procedure. The CJEU was originally established in 1951 as a single court called the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Communities. With the Euratom and the European Economic Community in 1957 its name changed to
132-636: The Court of Justice of the European Communities ( CJEC ). In 1988 the Court requested the Commission to create a Court of First Instance and in 2004 it added the Civil Service Tribunal. The Civil Service Tribunal are for issues of public employment. The Treaty of Lisbon in 2009 renamed the court system to the "Court of Justice of the European Union" and renamed the CJEC to the "Court of Justice". The working language of
154-496: The European General Court (EGC) , is a constituent court of the Court of Justice of the European Union . It hears actions taken against the institutions of the European Union by individuals and member states, although certain matters are reserved for the European Court of Justice . Decisions of the General Court can be appealed to the Court of Justice, but only on a point of law. Prior to the coming into force of
176-611: The European Union Civil Service Tribunal . This new specialised tribunal, composed of seven judges, heard and determined at first instance disputes involving the European Civil Service . Its decisions were subject to a right of appeal before the General Court on points of law only. Decisions given by the General Court in this area might exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice. The European Union Civil Service Tribunal
198-727: The Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City , Luxembourg , this EU institution consists of two separate courts: the Court of Justice and the General Court . From 2005 to 2016, it also contained the Civil Service Tribunal . It has a sui generis court system, meaning 'of its own kind', and is a supranational institution. The CJEU is the chief judicial authority of the EU and oversees the uniform application and interpretation of European Union law , in co-operation with
220-541: The Lisbon Treaty on 1 December 2009, it was known as the Court of First Instance . The General Court hears disputes (such as those by persons who have been refused a trade mark by EUIPO , the EU Trade Mark and designs registry). The creation of the General Court instituted a judicial system based on two levels of jurisdiction : all cases heard at first instance by the General Court may be subject to
242-494: The 7th division whose bench is sat by 4 judges. Each chamber has an extended composition of 5 judges. Cases are assigned by the President of the Court to a relevant divisional presiding judge. The presiding judge assigned to the case then chooses a judge-reporter ( judge-rapporteur ) from the judges of the division, whose clerks write a preliminary report ( rapport préalable ) based on the parties' pleadings and applicable law. At
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#1732773246050264-403: The Court of Justice of the European Union is French . The Court of Justice of the European Union embraces the substantive equality interpretation of the European Union anti-discrimination law. 49°37′12″N 6°08′22″E / 49.62000°N 6.13944°E / 49.62000; 6.13944 General Court (European Union) The General Court , informally known as
286-399: The European Union and its civil service , a jurisdiction until 2005 was exercised by the General Court . Its decisions was subject to appeal on questions of law only to the General Court and, in exceptional cases, to review by the European Court of Justice . It was established on 2 December 2005. It was dissolved on 1 September 2016, despite the success in its mandate, in favour of doubling
308-484: The Functioning of the European Union by the Treaty of Lisbon : The European Parliament and the Council, acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, may establish specialised courts attached to the General Court to hear and determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas. The European Parliament and the Council shall act by means of regulations either on
330-516: The General Court has jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance all direct actions brought by individuals and the Member States, with the exception of those to be assigned to a 'judicial panel' and those reserved for the Court of Justice. (against acts of the Union institutions) (against inaction by the Union institutions) (for the reparation of damage caused by unlawful conduct on
352-401: The end of January 2020. The Judges are appointed for a renewable term of six years by common accord of the governments of the Member States. As of February 2020 , there are 49 Judges in post: 23 member states have nominated both their judges, whilst Latvia, Poland, and Slovakia have nominated just one, and Slovenia has nominated neither. The members of the General Court elect their president and
374-447: The national judiciary of the member states. The CJEU also resolves legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions, and may take action against EU institutions on behalf of individuals, companies or organisations whose rights have been infringed. The CJEU consists of two major courts: Judges and advocate generals are appointed for a "renewable 6-year term, jointly by national governments". The CJEU's specific mission
396-607: The office until their successor takes up the duties according to the Article 5(3) of the Protocol No. 3 on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the EU The General Court, like the Court of Justice, has the task of ensuring that the law is observed in the interpretation and application of the Treaties of the European Union and the provisions adopted by the competent Union institutions. To fulfil its main task,
418-403: The part of a Union institution) (disputes concerning contracts in public or private law entered into by the Union, containing such a clause) Subject-matter of direct actions: all matters, including: The General Court has its own Rules of Procedure. The 1991 rules were replaced by revised Rules of Procedure which came into effect on 1 July 2015. In the main, the Court's procedure includes
440-508: The presidents of the Chambers of five Judges from among their number for a renewable period of three years. There are no permanent Advocates General attached to the General Court (unlike the European Court of Justice , which has eleven Advocates General). However, the task of an Advocate General may be performed in a limited number of cases by a Judge nominated to do so. In practice this has been done occasionally. * Judge continues to hold
462-544: The size of the General Court . Source: This article about the European Union is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Court of Justice of the European Union The Court of Justice of the European Union ( CJEU ) ( French : Cour de justice de l'Union européenne or " CJUE "; Latin : Curia ) is the judicial branch of the European Union (EU). Seated in
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#1732773246050484-450: Was duly constituted into law on 2 December 2005. Despite the success in its mandate, it was dissolved on 1 September 2016, leading to the doubling of the number of judges at the General Court. Since February 2020 the General Court is composed of 54 Judges; this follows a 2016 reform which increased the number of judges to two per member state by 2019, and the departure of the UK from the EU at
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