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28-510: (Redirected from Exposition Universelle ) Paris Exposition or Paris Exhibition can refer to French Industrial Exposition of 1844 Exposition des produits de l'industrie française , held intermittently from 1798 to 1849 Exposition Universelle (1855) , the Paris Exposition of 1855 Exposition Universelle (1867) , the Paris Exposition of 1867 Exposition Universelle (1878) ,

56-611: A reaping machine that was sent from the United States. Admission prices to the Crystal Palace varied according to the date of visit, with ticket prices decreasing as the parliamentary season drew to an end and London traditionally emptied of wealthy individuals. Prices varied from two guineas (£200 in 2015) (three guineas for a man) for a season ticket, or £1 per day (for the first two days only), then reducing to five shillings per day (until 22 May). The admission price

84-466: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages French Industrial Exposition of 1844 The exposition lasted 60 days, with 3,960 exhibitors. It opened in the Champs-Élysées on 1 May and closed on 29 June. In the 1844 exposition it was found necessary to exclude retailers who did not make their own products, and to eliminate anything that

112-559: The Hymne à la France , a great symphonic and choral work performed during the opening. Several vaudeville skits were performed during the exposition. The king came back every Monday to examine some exhibits in more detail. There were 3,969 exhibitors, with most exhibits held in forty galleries in the grand hall. Exhibits were placed in the categories: Fabrics, Metals and other Minerals, Machinery, Precision Instruments, Chemical Arts, Fine Arts, Pottery, and Diverse Arts. The jury finished judging

140-530: The Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce as a celebration of modern industrial technology and design. It was arguably a response to the highly effective French Industrial Exposition of 1844 : indeed, its prime motive was for Britain to make "clear to the world its role as industrial leader". Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's consort, was an enthusiastic promoter of

168-460: The 1851 Great Exhibition in London, which was open to international exhibitors from the entire world and outshone the highly successful French exhibition. Other European expositions soon followed: Bern and Madrid in 1845; Brussels with an elaborate industrial exposition in 1847; Bordeaux in 1847; Saint Petersburg in 1848; and Lisbon in 1849. The exposition returned to Paris in 1849, called

196-742: The Exposition of the Second Republic or Exposition Nationale des produits de l’industrie agricole et manufacturière , with 5,494 exhibitors and was replaced in 1855 by an international exhibition . Great Exhibition The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations , also known as the Great Exhibition or the Crystal Palace Exhibition (in reference to the temporary structure in which it

224-471: The Great Exhibition "held the lead in almost every field where strength, durability, utility and quality were concerned, whether in iron and steel, machinery or textiles." Britain also sought to provide the world with the hope of a better future. Europe had just emerged from "two difficult decades of political and social upheaval," and now Britain hoped to show that technology, particularly its own,

252-481: The Paris Exposition of 1937 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Paris Exposition . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paris_Exposition&oldid=804718602 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

280-417: The Paris Exposition or Paris World's Fair of 1878 Exposition Universelle (1889) , the Paris Exposition of 1889 Exposition Universelle (1900) , the Paris Exposition of 1900 International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts , the Paris Exposition of 1925 Paris Colonial Exposition , the Paris Exposition of 1931 Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne ,

308-514: The Queen in allowing this trumpery must strike every sensible and well-thinking mind, and I am astonished the ministers themselves do not insist on her at least going to Osborne during the Exhibition, as no human being can possibly answer for what may occur on the occasion. The idea ... must shock every honest and well-meaning Englishman. But it seems everything is conspiring to lower us in

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336-620: The area to the south of the exhibition, nicknamed Albertopolis , alongside the Imperial Institute . The remaining surplus was used to set up an educational trust to provide grants and scholarships for industrial research; it continues to do so today. The exhibition caused controversy as its opening approached. Some conservatives feared that the mass of visitors might become a revolutionary mob. The English-born King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover , shortly before his death, wrote to Lord Strangford about it: The folly and absurdity of

364-466: The exhibits on 25 July 1844. Louis Philippe presided over an award ceremony on 29 July 1844 in the Tuileries. He personally presented 31 Legion of Honour medals to the most distinguished exhibitors. In all there were 3,253 awards. Legion of Honour awards were: Notable and unusual Others Though it was the tenth Paris exposition, it began to spawn imitators elsewhere in the world, including

392-576: The eyes of Europe. In modern times, the Great Exhibition is a symbol of the Victorian Age , and its thick catalogue, illustrated with steel engravings, is a primary source for High Victorian design. A memorial to the exhibition, crowned with a statue of Prince Albert , is located behind the Royal Albert Hall . It is inscribed with statistics from the exhibition, including the number of visitors and exhibitors (British and foreign), and

420-490: The form of a massive glass house, 1848 feet long by 454 feet wide (about 563 metres by 138 metres) and was constructed from cast iron -frame components and glass made almost exclusively in Birmingham and Smethwick . From the interior, the building's large size was emphasized with trees and statues; this served, not only to add beauty to the spectacle, but also to demonstrate man's triumph over nature. The Crystal Palace

448-445: The opening day, all of which were bought. To attract future customers from the working classes, the newly expanding railways offered highly discounted tickets for people to travel from distant parts of the country, and special rates were offered to parties, often led by the local vicar. Those too poor to travel lined up by the rail tracks to watch the long trains of open carriages steaming past. The Great Exhibition of 1851 encouraged

476-463: The planning and judging of exhibits), Samuel Colt , members of the Orléanist royal family and the writers Charlotte Brontë , Charles Dickens , Lewis Carroll , George Eliot , Alfred Tennyson , and William Makepeace Thackeray . The future Arts and Crafts proponent William Morris , then a teenager, later said he refused to attend the Exhibition on the grounds of taste. The opening music, under

504-472: The production of souvenirs. Several manufacturers produced stereoscope cards that provided a three-dimensional view of the exhibition. These paper souvenirs were printed lithographic cards which were hand-coloured and held together by cloth to give a three-dimensional view of the event. They offered a miniature view of the Crystal Palace when one viewed the cards through the peep holes on the front cover. Visitors purchased these souvenirs so that they could relive

532-435: The profit made. A range of medals were produced and awarded to exhibitors, jurists and providers of services. The official descriptive and illustrated catalogue of the event lists exhibitors not only from throughout Britain but also from its "Colonies and Dependencies" and 44 "Foreign States". Numbering 13,000 in total, the exhibits included a Jacquard loom , an envelope machine, kitchen appliances, steel-making displays and

560-508: The self-financing exhibition; the government was persuaded to form the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 to establish the viability of hosting such an exhibition. Queen Victoria visited three times with her family, and 34 times on her own. Although the Great Exhibition was a platform on which countries from around the world could display their achievements, Britain sought to prove its own superiority. The British exhibits at

588-462: The superintendence of William Sterndale Bennett , was directed by George Thomas Smart . Organised by Howard Staunton , the first international chess tournament took place at the Exhibition. The world's first soft drink , Schweppes , was the official sponsor of the event. The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations was organised by Prince Albert , Henry Cole , Francis Henry, George Wallis , Wentworth Dilke , and other members of

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616-620: The time—visited the Great Exhibition. The average daily attendance was 42,831 with a peak of 109,915 on 7 October. Thomas Cook arranged travel to the event for 150,000 people and it was important in his company's development. The event made a surplus of £186,000 (£33,221,701.65 in 2023), which was used to found the Victoria and Albert Museum , the Science Museum and the Natural History Museum . They were all built in

644-423: Was an enormous success, considered an architectural marvel, but also an engineering triumph that showed the importance of the exhibition itself. The building was later moved and re-erected in 1854 in enlarged form at Sydenham Hill in south London, an area that was renamed Crystal Palace . It was destroyed by fire on 30 November 1936. Six million people—equivalent to a third of the entire population of Britain at

672-415: Was built to house the show. It was designed by Joseph Paxton with support from structural engineer Charles Fox , the committee overseeing its construction including Isambard Kingdom Brunel , and went from its organisation to the grand opening in just nine months. The building was architecturally adventurous, drawing on Paxton's experience designing greenhouses for the sixth Duke of Devonshire . It took

700-616: Was held ), was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park , London, from 1 May to 15 October 1851. It was the first in a series of world's fairs , exhibitions of culture and industry that became popular in the 19th century. The event was organised by Henry Cole and Prince Albert , husband of Victoria , Queen of the United Kingdom. Famous people of the time attended the Great Exhibition, including Charles Darwin , Karl Marx , Michael Faraday (who assisted with

728-412: Was not socially useful, which included both freak artisan products and instruments used only by scientists. Entrants had to fill out a form that gave information about their business including its nature, number of employees, materials used, export and domestic earning and so on. The king of France, Louis Philippe I , opened the exposition and toured all the exhibits. Hector Berlioz composed and conducted

756-670: Was the key to a better future. Sophie Forgan says of the exhibition that "Large, piled-up 'trophy' exhibits in the central avenue revealed the organisers' priorities; they generally put art or colonial raw materials in the most prestigious place. Technology and moving machinery were popular, especially working exhibits." She also notes that visitors "could watch the entire process of cotton production from spinning to finished cloth. Scientific instruments were found in class X, and included electric telegraphs, microscopes, air pumps and barometers, as well as musical, horological and surgical instruments." A special building, or "The Great Shalimar ",

784-418: Was then further reduced to one shilling (£5 in 2015), per day—except on Fridays, when it was set at two shillings and six pence, and on Saturdays when it remained at five shillings. The one-shilling ticket proved most successful among the industrial classes, with four and a half million shillings (£22,000,000 in 2015) being taken from attendees in this manner. Two thousand five hundred tickets were printed for

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