Fetal bovine serum ( FBS ) is the most widely used serum-supplement for the in vitro cell culture of eukaryotic cells . This is due to it having a very low level of antibodies and containing more growth factors , allowing for versatility in many cell culture applications. Fetal bovine serum is derived from the blood drawn from a bovine fetus via a closed system of collection at the slaughterhouse .
20-1315: FCS may refer to: Education [ edit ] Faith Christian School (disambiguation) Faujdarhat Collegiate School , in Chittagong, Bangladesh Florence Christian School in South Carolina, United States Florida College System , in the United States Foothills Christian Schools , in San Diego County, California, United States Forsyth County Schools in Georgia, United States Franklin College Switzerland , an American college in Switzerland Friendship Christian School (disambiguation) Friends' Central School , in Pennsylvania, United States Sports [ edit ] Football Championship Subdivision , an American football classification in
40-498: A 5–10% concentration. Because it is a biological product, FBS is not a fully defined media component, and as such varies in composition between batches. As a result of this and in an attempt to minimize the possibility of transfer of adventitious agents, serum-free and chemically defined media (CDM) have been developed. However, the effectiveness of serum-free media is limited as many cell lines still require serum in order to grow, and many serum-free media formulations can only support
60-579: A Dutch aerospace company Fibre Channel switch Fighter catapult ship Fin control system Final Cut Studio Fire-control system Flight control system Flight control surfaces Flow Cytometry Standard Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Food contacting substances Frame check sequence , communication error detection Fusion Camera System Future Combat Systems Other uses [ edit ] Chalmers Naval Architecture Students' Society (Swedish: Föreningen Chalmers Skeppsbyggare ) Faller Car System,
80-795: A kind of slot cars, see Faller#Faller Car System Family and consumer science Federation of Conservative Students , a former student wing of the British Conservative Party Fellow of the Chemical Society (postnomial) Ferrocarril del Sur (English: Peru Southern Railway ), a former peruvian railway company Fetal calf serum Foreign Commercial Service of the United States Department of Commerce Fraser Commando School , an Australian training facility The "favourable conservation status" of protected habitats and species in
100-473: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fetal calf serum The globular protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a major component of fetal bovine serum. Besides BSA, fetal bovine serum is a rich source of growth and attachment factors, lipids, hormones, nutrients and electrolytes necessary to support cell growth in culture. It is typically added to basal cell culture medium, such as DMEM or RPMI , at
120-505: Is strictly controlled. Veterinary control of animal derived products largely follows the regulations set by the EU (DG SANCO) and the US (USDA). The current regulation governing the importation of animal by-products into the EU is covered by Regulation (EU) 1069/2009 and the implementation document Regulation (EU) 142/2011. FBS is a product collected worldwide with the main collections being centered in
140-470: The European Union's Habitats Directive First customer shipment (ship, shipping), the stage in hardware or software development process when a certain product or a version thereof is provided to the customers for the first time See also [ edit ] FC (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
160-1173: The NCAA in the United States for college football Fox College Sports , an American television sport network Association football clubs [ edit ] 1. FC Saarbrücken , in Germany FC Red Bull Salzburg , in Austria FC Schaffhausen , in Switzerland 1. FC Schweinfurt 05 , in Germany 1. FC Slovácko , in the Czech Republic FC South End , in Trinidad and Tobago FC Strausberg , in Germany F.C. Südtirol , in Italy Technology [ edit ] Fairchild Semiconductor , an American semiconductor company FCS Control Systems ,
180-455: The amount of precipitation, it is recommended that the serum is thawed in a refrigerator at 2-8˚C. The serum should be regularly stirred during this process. Repeated freeze/thaw cycles should be avoided, and it is advisable to dispense the serum into single use aliquots before freezing. Serum produced for use in the biotechnology industry and research sectors is highly regulated. The collection and movement of all animal derived products globally
200-413: The blood collection process due to the potential suffering caused to the fetus. There has been discussion concerning the methodologies for the collection of fetal bovine serum. The International Serum Industry Association (ISIA) has published literature providing detail on the extensive regulation and processes employed to ensure that serum is collected in an ethical manner. Although the act of slaughter of
220-400: The competent authority in the country of collection. Fetal bovine serum is commercially available from many manufacturers, and because cells grown in vitro are highly sensitive, customers usually test specific batches to check for suitability for their specific cell type. When changing from batch to batch it is usual to adapt the cells to the new batch of material, for example, by mixing 50% of
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#1732765235698240-628: The dam and the time which passes in the slaughter process prior to harvesting will induce unconsciousness or death of the fetus prior to serum harvesting, it has been postulated that exposure of live unborn calves to oxygen could cause them to gain awareness before being killed, resulting in active debate about the ethics of harvesting serum. While the Industry Association accepts that certain organizations have concerns, they maintain that all collections of serum take place under veterinary supervision in registered slaughterhouses controlled by
260-424: The fetus is removed from the slaughtered cow. The fetus dies from the lack of oxygen by remaining in the protective environment of the uterus for a minimum of 15–20 minutes after the cow is dead. The blood is collected aseptically into a sterile container or blood bag and then allowed to clot. The normal method of collection is cardiac puncture. This minimizes the danger of serum contamination with micro-organisms from
280-411: The fetus itself, and the environment, while maximizing the volume of blood collected. It is then centrifuged to remove the fibrin clot and the remaining blood cells from the clear yellow (straw) colored serum. The serum is frozen prior to further processing that is necessary to make it suitable for cell culture. The second stage of processing involves filtration, typically using a filtration chain with
300-777: The final filtration being three sterile 0.1 micron membrane filters. The aseptically processed FBS is subjected to stringent quality control testing and is supplied with a detailed Certificate of Analysis. The certificate gives full test results and information concerning the origin of the serum. Certificates of Analysis vary between commercial suppliers, but each usually includes the following details: filtration statement, country of blood collection, country of manufacture, cell growth performance testing, microbial sterility testing, as well as screening for mycoplasma and virus, endotoxin , hemoglobin, IgG gamma glutamyl transferase and total protein assays. FBS may also be tested for country of collection. Ethical questions have been raised regarding
320-2371: The 💕 (Redirected from Faith Christian School (disambiguation) ) Faith Christian School may refer to: Faith Christian School (Alabama) — Anniston, Alabama Faith Christian School (Arizona) — Mesa, Arizona Faith Christian School (California) — Santa Ana, California Faith Christian School (Florida) — Margate, Florida Faith Christian School (Georgia) — Vienna, Georgia Faith Christian School (Illinois) — Dixon, Illinois Faith Christian School (Indiana) — Lafayette, Indiana Faith Christian School (Clinton Township, Michigan) — Clinton Township, Michigan Faith Christian School (Fremont, Michigan) — Fremont, Michigan Faith Christian School (Lake Odessa, Michigan) — Lake Odessa, Michigan Faith Christian School (Foreston, Minnesota) — Foreston, Minnesota Faith Christian School (Rochester, Minnesota) — Rochester, Minnesota Faith Christian School (Florissant, Missouri) — Florissant, Missouri Faith Christian School (Spokane, Missouri) — Spokane, Missouri Faith Christian School (Nebraska) — Kearney, Nebraska Faith Christian School (New York) — Boonville, New York Faith Christian School (Hendersonville, North Carolina) — Hendersonville, North Carolina Faith Christian School (Ramseur, North Carolina) — Ramseur, North Carolina Faith Christian School (Rocky Mount, North Carolina) — Rocky Mount, North Carolina Faith Christian School (North Dakota) — Lehr, North Dakota Faith Christian School (Ohio) — Greenville, Ohio Faith Christian School (Roseto, Pennsylvania) — Roseto, Pennsylvania Faith Christian School (Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania) — Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania Faith Christian School (Tennessee) — Clinton, Tennessee Faith Christian School (Texas) — Grapevine, Texas Faith Christian School (Virginia) — Roanoke, Virginia Faith Christian School (Coleman, Wisconsin) — Coleman, Wisconsin Faith Christian School (Williams Bay, Wisconsin) — Williams Bay, Wisconsin [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
340-399: The growth of narrowly-defined types of cells. FBS is a by-product of the meat industry . FBS, as with the vast majority of animal serum used in cell culture, is produced from blood collected at commercial slaughterhouses from cattle that also supply meat intended for human consumption. The first stage of the production process for FBS is the harvesting of blood from the bovine fetus after
360-456: The old serum with 50% of the new serum and allowing the cells to acclimatize to the new material. Serum is stored frozen to preserve the stability of components such as growth factors. When serum is thawed, some precipitation may be seen. This is a normal phenomenon, and it does not compromise the quality of serum in any way. The precipitate may be removed by transferring the serum to sterile tubes and centrifuging for 5 minutes at 400 × g. To limit
380-491: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about schools, colleges, or other educational institutions which are associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faith_Christian_School&oldid=1162940906 " Category : Educational institution disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
400-526: The title FCS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FCS&oldid=1221032258 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing Swedish-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Faith Christian School (disambiguation) From Misplaced Pages,
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