Tower Air was a certificated FAR 121 U.S. charter airline that also operated scheduled passenger service from 1983 until 2000 when the company declared bankruptcy and was liquidated. Scheduled flights were initially offered over a New York – Brussels – Tel Aviv route in addition to charter flights to Athens, Frankfurt, Rome, and Zurich. Short-lived New York – Los Angeles flights were introduced with the addition of an ex- Avianca Boeing 747-100 in 1984. The airline was headquartered in Building 178 and later in Hangar 17 at John F. Kennedy International Airport in Jamaica , Queens , New York City .
25-488: [REDACTED] Look up FF , ff , or ff. in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. FF , Ff , fF or ff may refer to: Arts and entertainment [ edit ] Games [ edit ] Fatal Frame , a survival horror video game series Fatal Fury , a fighting video game series Final Fantasy , a role-playing video game series Final Fight ,
50-456: A British game show based on the American version Freeform (TV channel) , a US cable and satellite TV channel that is targeted to teens and young adults FF, the production code for the 1966–67 Doctor Who serial The Highlanders Fanfiction , unofficial writing about a work based on the work's characters and setting. Fire Force , a manga series about superhero firefighters with
75-638: A Latin alphabet digraph, see List of digraphs in Latin alphabets#F ⟨ff⟩ , a typographic ligature Word-initial ff , digraph used initially Fula language (ISO 639-1 code ff), a language of West Africa Science and technology [ edit ] Computing [ edit ] File format , any of numerous ways to encode information on digital media .ff file format, used by game developer Infinity Ward to store data securely .ff file format, used by imaging technologies corporation Agfa-Gevaert to store font outline data Firefox ,
100-463: A Scottish rock band Freestyle Fellowship , an American hip hop group Movies [ edit ] Fast & Furious , a media franchise centered on a series of action films that are largely concerned with illegal street racing Fantastic Four Other media [ edit ] ff – Südtiroler Wochenmagazin , an Italian weekly journal published in German language Fantastic Four ,
125-468: A US Navy hull designation for a frigate Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title FF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FF&oldid=1250928071 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
150-547: A beat 'em up video game series Fortress Forever , a mod for the first-person shooter video game Half-Life 2 Fossil Fighters , a role-playing Game video game series Free Fire , a battle royale video game by Garena FusionFall , a defunct Cartoon Network-themed MMORPG Music [ edit ] Fortissimo ( ff ), a dynamic indicator in music for "very loud" Fear Factory , an American metal band Fleet Foxes , an American indie folk band Foo Fighters , an American rock band Franz Ferdinand (band) ,
175-415: A passenger operation for Flying Tiger Line , Metro International Airways. After this airline shut down, Nachtomi acquired the "Tower" brand from a packaged tour agency called Tower Travel Corporation. Tower Air began charter service in 1983 and served a number of international destinations, with a focus on charter flights to Israel. Nachtomi eventually bought out his partners to control about three-quarters of
200-581: A recording faster than the speed at which it was recorded Femtofarad (fF), a unit of capacitance equal to 1×10 farads Fill factor (disambiguation) , a term applied in various geometrical models and electronic devices Filtration fraction , in renal physiology Frasnian-Famennian extinction (F-F), also known as the Late Devonian extinction FFmpeg , a free and open source suite of video and audio encoding libraries. Other uses [ edit ] 255 (number) (hexadecimal: FF 16 ),
225-726: A serialized anime adaptation Businesses and organizations [ edit ] Faraday Future , a car company Fianna Fáil , political party in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland Mukti Bahini (Freedom Fighters), an armed organizations who fought against the Pakistan Army during the Bangladesh Liberation War Tower Air (IATA code: FF), a certificated FAR 121 schedule and charter U.S. airline that operated from 1983 until 2000 Language [ edit ] ⟨ff⟩ ,
250-440: A sports car Jensen FF , the first non all-terrain production car equipped with 4WD and an anti-lock braking system Feet forwards motorcycle Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout , a car designed with a front engine and front-wheel drive, colloquially known as "FF" for short Front freewheel , a crankset for bicycles Other uses in science and technology [ edit ] Fast forward , forward movement through
275-539: A superhero team appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics Future Foundation , a fictional superhero team that replaced the Fantastic Four after the death of Johnny Storm, also published by Marvel Comics Logo of Finos Film , a former Greek film production company Found footage (pseudo-documentary) , a film genre in which created footage is presented as if it were discovered Family Feud , an American syndicated game show Family Fortunes ,
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#1732772987288300-518: A web browser developed by Mozilla Foundation Flip-flop (electronics) , a digital electronic circuit memory element Form Feed , a control character in the C0 control code set used in ASCII Full-frame digital SLR , a camera fitted with an image sensor equivalent in size to traditional 35mm film Adobe Font Folio , an Adobe software Transportation [ edit ] Ferrari FF ,
325-553: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages FF">FF The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . Tower Air Tower Air was co-founded, majority-owned, and managed by Morris K. Nachtomi, an Israeli citizen who had emigrated to the United States . After a 30-year career with El Al , he moved to New York to start
350-635: The Federal Aviation Administration proposed two civil penalties totaling $ 276,000 for continuing to fly aircraft that required maintenance. The airline had attempted to cut costs by cannibalizing its own engines for spare parts, but was forced to borrow money to acquire new engines in 1998. In January 1998 the FAA successfully sought to have the airline remove Guy Nachtomi, son of the Chairman and CEO, 24 years old at that time, from
375-485: The Official Airline Guide (OAG), in early 1989 Tower Air was operating transatlantic flights from both New York John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) and Miami (MIA) with nonstops between New York and Brussels, Copenhagen and Oslo with direct one stop service to and from Tel Aviv, and nonstops between Miami and Copenhagen, Oslo and Stockholm. Tower Air's fleet consisted of Boeing 747s in both
400-590: The United Nations to transport troops to their peacekeeping missions all over the world. Tower often flew charters for groups of Muslim pilgrims to Mecca . Tower Air's main base of scheduled operations was John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York . In the mid-1980s, the airline operated from the British Airways terminal at JFK (now Terminal 7). In the early 1990s, it operated from
425-543: The Federal Aviation Administration. It opened a special departure terminal at Ben Gurion Airport in 1997. The airline began running into financial and operational difficulties in the late 1990s. The airline lost $ 20 million in 1996. The 1997 Zagat Survey ranked Tower Air 59th out of 61 ranked carriers in terms of maintenance, ahead of only Valujet and Aeroflot , and in February 1998,
450-402: The airline's directors and officers for "driving the company into insolvency by indifference and egregious decision-making." In 1997, a Boeing 747-200 US registration N618FF operated by Tower Air appeared in the movie Liar Liar . Its aircraft also appeared in the movie Turbulence (1997 film) the same year in their own livery and as the fictional Trans-Continental Airlines. According to
475-485: The former Eastern terminal. In 1993, Tower Air renovated and expanded Building 213, a former Pan Am hangar, to serve as its dedicated JFK terminal, adding three finger gates in 1995. During the 1990-91 Gulf War , Tower Air evacuated US citizens from Tel Aviv using the otherwise empty return legs of military charter flights to the region. It eventually became the only US carrier providing scheduled service to Israel in 1991, using special war risk insurance provided by
500-519: The largest numeric value possible for an unsigned byte ff. , and the following pages (in a citation) FF, a bra size False flag , a diversionary or propaganda tactic Follow Friday , a Twitter hashtag FontFont , a font library owned by FontShop International Founding Fathers of the United States French Franc , a currency Frequent flyer , often abbreviated as FF# on itineraries or travel documents FF,
525-528: The position of Vice President-Operations. This was done in part because of the airline's maintenance problems, as well as his lack of airline experience (he worked at Twentieth Century Fox until 1994). The junior Mr. Nachtomi continued service with the company in a capacity unrelated to maintenance as Vice President-Office of the Chairman. The Department of Defense Commercial Airlift Review Board suspended Tower Air military charters from January 27 to February 12, 1999, pending an on-site review of its operations. At
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#1732772987288550-437: The runway during takeoff in a snowstorm resulting in one flight attendant receiving serious injuries and 24 passengers receiving minor injuries. The aircraft sustained heavy damage and had to be written off. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) determined that the probable cause of this accident was the captain's failure to reject the takeoff in a timely manner when excessive nosewheel steering tiller inputs resulted in
575-642: The same time, the airline lost an arbitration brought by the Association of Flight Attendants , claiming that Tower Air was lodging their flight attendants in dirty Tel Aviv hotels with poor security and bed bugs. By 2000, a majority of Tower Air's fleet (11 out of 19 aircraft) was out of service. Tower Air filed for protection under Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 29, 2000, ceased all scheduled service on May 1, 2000 and surrendered their FAA air operator's certificate on November 28, 2000. The airline's bankruptcy trustee, Charles Stanziale, subsequently sued
600-484: The stock. Arthur Fondlier, son of Sam Fondlier and the former Chief Financial Officer of Tower Air, was a passenger in the first-class section of Pan Am flight 103 . His untimely death gave Morris Nachtomi much more freedom in management and cost-cutting. The company won many contracts from the United States Department of Defense to transport armed forces personnel to overseas locations, and from
625-494: The −100 and −200 series, including both passenger and cargo aircraft . The airline operated a total of thirty 747s (fifteen −100 and fifteen −200 series) over its history. Several were converted to freighters following Tower's bankruptcy. One former Tower Air 747-200 was converted to a hotel, the Jumbo Stay at Stockholm Arlanda Airport . On December 20, 1995, Tower Air Flight 41 from New York Kennedy to Miami veered off
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