Fast atom bombardment ( FAB ) is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry in which a beam of high energy atoms strikes a surface to create ions . It was developed by Michael Barber at the University of Manchester in 1980. When a beam of high energy ions is used instead of atoms (as in secondary ion mass spectrometry ), the method is known as liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry ( LSIMS ). In FAB and LSIMS, the material to be analyzed is mixed with a non-volatile chemical protection environment, called a matrix , and is bombarded under vacuum with a high energy (4000 to 10,000 electron volts ) atomic beam . The atoms are typically from an inert gas such as argon or xenon . Common matrices include glycerol , thioglycerol , 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol (3-NBA), 18-crown-6 ether, 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether , sulfolane , diethanolamine , and triethanolamine . This technique is similar to secondary ion mass spectrometry and plasma desorption mass spectrometry .
28-465: [REDACTED] Look up FAB , Fab , or fab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Fab or FAB may refer to: Commerce [ edit ] Fab (brand) , a frozen confectionery Fab (website) , an e-commerce design web site Fab, a digital asset marketplace by Epic Games The FAB Awards , a food and beverage award FAB Link ,
56-552: A Canadian airline Farnborough Airport in Hampshire, England Functional airspace block in the European Union Other uses [ edit ] Annobonese Creole language of Equatorial Guinea, ISO 639-3 code Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB), formerly Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) or Bataan Economic Zone (BEZ) from November 20, 1972 to June 30, 2010, Mariveles , Bataan , Philippines Cars in
84-423: A Canadian airline Farnborough Airport in Hampshire, England Functional airspace block in the European Union Other uses [ edit ] Annobonese Creole language of Equatorial Guinea, ISO 639-3 code Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB), formerly Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) or Bataan Economic Zone (BEZ) from November 20, 1972 to June 30, 2010, Mariveles , Bataan , Philippines Cars in
112-456: A Canadian gay magazine "FAB" (song) , a song by JoJo featuring Remy Ma from the 2016 album Mad Love Fernsehen aus Berlin , a German television station Film Advisory Board , an American ratings board Fullmetal Alchemist Brotherhood , a Japanese anime Health and medicine [ edit ] Fragment antigen-binding French–American–British classification systems for hematological disease Frontal Assessment Battery for
140-421: A European electricity link Flavoured alcoholic beverage or alcopop, alcoholic drinks with circa 3–7% alcohol First Abu Dhabi Bank , an Emirati bank Semiconductor fabrication plant , a factory that manufactures integrated circuits, etc. Flesh and Blood (card game) , a fantasy card game (TCG). Culture [ edit ] Fab! , an Irish girl group active in the late 1990s fab (magazine) ,
168-489: A digital asset marketplace by Epic Games The FAB Awards , a food and beverage award FAB Link , a European electricity link Flavoured alcoholic beverage or alcopop, alcoholic drinks with circa 3–7% alcohol First Abu Dhabi Bank , an Emirati bank Semiconductor fabrication plant , a factory that manufactures integrated circuits, etc. Flesh and Blood (card game) , a fantasy card game (TCG). Culture [ edit ] Fab! , an Irish girl group active in
196-595: A factory where integrated circuits are fabricated Fading affect bias Fast atom bombardment Feminist Approaches to Bioethics Fly ash brick Floating Action Button, a UI component of Google's Material Design Fragment antigen-binding Sport [ edit ] Angolan Basketball Federation (Portuguese: Federação Angolana de Basquetebol ) Argentina Boxing Federation (Spanish: Federación Argentina de Boxeo ) Bolivian Athletics Federation (Spanish: Federación Atlética de Bolivia ) Transport [ edit ] First Air ,
224-595: A factory where integrated circuits are fabricated Fading affect bias Fast atom bombardment Feminist Approaches to Bioethics Fly ash brick Floating Action Button, a UI component of Google's Material Design Fragment antigen-binding Sport [ edit ] Angolan Basketball Federation (Portuguese: Federação Angolana de Basquetebol ) Argentina Boxing Federation (Spanish: Federación Argentina de Boxeo ) Bolivian Athletics Federation (Spanish: Federación Atlética de Bolivia ) Transport [ edit ] First Air ,
252-494: A higher sensitivity compared to static FAB The first example of the practical application of this FAB was the elucidation of the amino acid sequence of the oligopeptide efrapeptin D. This contained a variety of very unusual amino acid residues. The sequence was shown to be: N-acetyl-L-pip-AIB-L-pip-AIB-AIB-L-leu-beta-ala-gly-AIB-AIB-L-pip-AIB-gly-L-leu-L-iva-AIB-X. PIP = pipecolic acid , AIB = alpha-amino-isobutyric acid , leu = leucine , iva = isovaline , gly = glycine . This
280-403: A paper was published describing the use of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) to analyze isotopes of calcium. Glycerol was not used; samples in aqueous solution were deposited on the sample target and dried prior to analysis. The technique was effectively secondary ion mass spectrometry using a neutral primary beam. This was a welcomed development for biomedical researchers studying
308-457: Is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPase activity. Another application of FAB includes its original use for the analysis of condensed-phase samples. FAB can be use for measurements of the molecular weight of samples below 5000 Da, as well as their structural characteristics. FAB can be paired with various mass spectrometers for data analysis, such as with a quadrupole mass analyzer , liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , and more. In 1983
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#1732772656631336-441: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages FAB (Redirected from FAB ) [REDACTED] Look up FAB , Fab , or fab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Fab or FAB may refer to: Commerce [ edit ] Fab (brand) , a frozen confectionery Fab (website) , an e-commerce design web site Fab,
364-449: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fast atom bombardment FAB is a relatively low fragmentation (soft) ionization technique and produces primarily intact protonated molecules denoted as [M + H] and deprotonated molecules such as [M - H] . Radical cations can also be observed in a FAB spectrum in rare cases. FAB was designed as an improved version of SIMS that allowed for
392-402: The 1960s British science-fiction television series Thunderbirds ; see FAB 1 See also [ edit ] Fab Four (disambiguation) Fabrication (disambiguation) Fabulous (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fab . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
420-402: The 1960s British science-fiction television series Thunderbirds ; see FAB 1 See also [ edit ] Fab Four (disambiguation) Fabrication (disambiguation) Fabulous (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Fab . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
448-1070: The evaluation of executive function Military [ edit ] Benin Armed Forces (French: Forces armées béninoises ) Brazilian Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Brasileira ) Brazilian Armed Forces (Portuguese: Forças Armadas Brasileiras ) Bolivian Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Boliviana ) Russian acronym for general-purpose bombs such as FAB-250 or FAB-500 People [ edit ] Georgie Fab (born 1952), Canadian musician Joe Fab (born 1951), American film producer Mistah F.A.B. (born 1982), American rapper Given name [ edit ] Fab Filippo (born 1974), Canadian actor Fab Melo (1990–2017), Brazilian basketball player Fabrizio Moretti (born 1980), drummer in The Strokes Fab Morvan (born 1966), French singer; member of Milli Vanilli Science and technology [ edit ] Fab (semiconductors) ,
476-934: The evaluation of executive function Military [ edit ] Benin Armed Forces (French: Forces armées béninoises ) Brazilian Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Brasileira ) Brazilian Armed Forces (Portuguese: Forças Armadas Brasileiras ) Bolivian Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Boliviana ) Russian acronym for general-purpose bombs such as FAB-250 or FAB-500 People [ edit ] Georgie Fab (born 1952), Canadian musician Joe Fab (born 1951), American film producer Mistah F.A.B. (born 1982), American rapper Given name [ edit ] Fab Filippo (born 1974), Canadian actor Fab Melo (1990–2017), Brazilian basketball player Fabrizio Moretti (born 1980), drummer in The Strokes Fab Morvan (born 1966), French singer; member of Milli Vanilli Science and technology [ edit ] Fab (semiconductors) ,
504-505: The impact of the primary beam, and keeps the sample molecules form aggregating. The liquid matrix, like any other matrix, most importantly provides a medium that promotes sample ionization. The most widely accepted matrix for this type of ionization is glycerol . Choosing the appropriate matrix for the sample is crucial because the matrix can also influence the degree of fragmentation of the sample (analyte) ions. The sample can then be introduced to FAB analysis. The normal method of introducing
532-494: The late 1990s fab (magazine) , a Canadian gay magazine "FAB" (song) , a song by JoJo featuring Remy Ma from the 2016 album Mad Love Fernsehen aus Berlin , a German television station Film Advisory Board , an American ratings board Fullmetal Alchemist Brotherhood , a Japanese anime Health and medicine [ edit ] Fragment antigen-binding French–American–British classification systems for hematological disease Frontal Assessment Battery for
560-485: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fab&oldid=1223714600 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Articles containing Portuguese-language text Articles containing Spanish-language text Short description
588-485: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fab&oldid=1223714600 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Articles containing French-language text Articles containing Portuguese-language text Articles containing Spanish-language text Short description
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#1732772656631616-520: The mass spectrometer insertion probe through a small diameter capillary. (CF)-FAB was developed to minimize the problem of poor detection sensitivity that is caused by an excess of the matrix background that results in a high matrix-to-sample ratio. When a metal frit is used to disperse the liquid on the probe, the technique is known as frit FAB. Samples can be introduced by flow injection, microdialysis, or by coupling with liquid chromatography. Flow rates are typically between 1 and 20 μL/min. CF-FAB has
644-404: The mass spectrometers, e.g.replacing the stainless steel sample targets with pure silver ones to eliminate background from ionization of stainless steel components. Signal acquisition systems were sometimes modified to perform peak jumping instead of scanning and to do ion counting detection. While satisfactory precision and accuracy were attained with FAB-MS, the technique was labor-intensive with
672-452: The molecules to be ionized by FAB, first the slow moving atoms (Xe or Ar) are ionized by colliding electrons. Those slow moving atoms are then ionized and accelerated to a certain potential where they develop into fast moving ions that become neutral in a dense cloud of excess natural gas atoms that make a flowing stream of high translational energy atoms. Although the exact mechanism of how the samples are ionized have not been fully discovered,
700-469: The nature of its ionization mechanism is similar to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and chemical ionization . As previously stated, in FAB the samples are mixed with a non-volatile environment ( matrix ) in order to be analyzed. FAB uses a liquid matrix that is mixed with the sample in order to provide a sample ion current that is sustained, reduces damages made to the sample by absorbing
728-524: The nutrition and metabolism of essential minerals but lacking access to inorganic mass spectrometry instrumentation such as thermal ionization mass spectrometry or inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In contrast, FAB mass spectrometers were widely found in biomedical research institutions. Multiple laboratories adopted this technique, using FAB-MS to measure isotope ratios in isotope tracer studies of calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc. The analysis of metals required minimal modification of
756-428: The primary beam to no longer cause damaging effects to the sample. The major difference between the two techniques is the difference in the nature of the primary beam used; ions vs atoms. For LSIMS, Cesium , Cs ions make up the primary beam and for FAB the primary beam is made up of Xe or Ar atoms. Xe atoms are used because they tend to be more sensitive than Argon atoms due to their larger masses and more momentum. For
784-417: The sample-matrix mixture is through an insertion probe. The sample-matrix mixture is loaded on a stainless steel sample target on the probe, which is then placed in the ion source via a vacuum lock. The alternative method of introducing the sample is by using a device called continuous flow fast atom bombardment (CF)-FAB. In c ontinuous f low f ast a tom b ombardment (CF-FAB), the sample is introduced into
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