Misplaced Pages

#519480

68-594: Ferrari 's private testing track, the Fiorano Circuit is located on the border with Maranello. The municipality of Fiorano Modenese is divided on 4 districts: Fiorano Modenese, Spezzano, Ubersetto and Nirano. This article on a location in Emilia–Romagna is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Ferrari This is an accepted version of this page Ferrari S.p.A. ( / f ə ˈ r ɑːr i / , Italian: [ferˈraːri] )

136-451: A V12 engine placed in the front of the car , and it presaged Ferrari's full embrace of mid-engine architecture, as well as V6 and V8 engines, in the 1970s and 1980s. Enzo Ferrari died in 1988, an event that saw Fiat expand its stake to 90%. The last car that he personally approved—the F40 —expanded on the flagship supercar approach first tried by the 288 GTO four years earlier. Enzo

204-629: A live axle on semi-elliptic leaf springs and hydraulic shock absorbers at the rear. As Mille Miglia regulations required that racing car chassis be based on production models, the AAC 815's chassis was also derived from the Fiat 508 C Balilla. The bodywork was done by Carrozzeria Touring using Itallumag 35, an aluminium/magnesium alloy, and was done in long, flowing forms with integrated wings. The bodywork weighed 119 lb (54 kg). The complete car weighed 625 kg (1,378 lb) and attained

272-469: A World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car. Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008–2009 season. The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car. Ferrari currently runs a customer GT program for a racing version of its 458 and has done so for the 458's predecessors, dating back to the 355 in

340-501: A brand image built around racing heritage, luxury, and exclusivity. As of May 2023, Ferrari is also one of the largest car manufacturers by market capitalisation , with a value of approximately US$ 85.5 billion. Enzo Ferrari , formerly a salesman and racing driver for Alfa Romeo , founded Scuderia Ferrari , a racing team, in 1929. Originally intended to service gentleman drivers and other amateur racers, Alfa Romeo's withdrawal from racing in 1933, combined with Enzo's connections within

408-437: A five-bearing crankshaft and a camshaft designed and built by AAC to get the traditional straight-8 timing and balance. The compression ratio was increased to 7:1 from 6:1 in the original Fiat engine. The engine used Fiat valve gear, cylinder heads (two 508C heads per engine), and connecting rods. Instead of the two original Fiat distributors , AAC manufactured a single distributor to avoid synchronization issues. The engine

476-994: A large model range which includes several supercars , grand tourers , and one SUV . Many early Ferraris, dating to the 1950s and 1960s, count among the most expensive cars ever sold at auction . Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing , especially in Formula One , where its team, Scuderia Ferrari , is the series' single oldest and most successful. Scuderia Ferrari has raced since 1929, first in Grand Prix events and later in Formula One, where since 1952 it has fielded fifteen champion drivers , won sixteen Constructors' Championships , and accumulated more race victories, 1–2 finishes, podiums, pole positions, fastest laps and points than any other team in F1 history. Historically, Ferrari

544-414: A maximum speed close to 170 km/h (110 mph). Chassis 020, built for Rangoni, was fully trimmed in leather and had luxuriously detailed exterior trim, including extra chrome and a recessed fuel filler cap. Ascari's car, 021, was more spartan. Touring also developed a design for a proposed convertible version of the 815. Drawings and a scale model were produced but this was not further developed due to

612-611: A rainbow of colours, and one 250 GT SWB , used as a test mule for the 250 GTO, was a rare non-red factory-backed car: it raced in blue. In a particularly noteworthy case from 1964, while protesting the FIA 's homologation requirements, the company moved its racing assets to the North American Racing Team , an affiliated team based in the United States. As a result, Ferrari and the driver John Surtees won

680-424: A range of categories including Formula One and sports car racing , though the company has also worked in partnership with other teams. The earliest Ferrari entity, Scuderia Ferrari , was created in 1929—ten years before the founding of Ferrari proper—as a Grand Prix racing team. It was affiliated with automaker Alfa Romeo , for whom Enzo had worked in the 1920s. Alfa Romeo supplied racing cars to Ferrari, which

748-464: A significant update of this philosophy. The Tailor Made programme allows clients to work with designers in Maranello to make decisions at every step of the process. Through this program almost any trim, any exterior colour or any interior material is possible. The program carries on the original tradition and emphasizes the idea of each car being unique. The 1984 288 GTO is considered by some to be

SECTION 10

#1732776112520

816-419: A three-digit unitary displacement of an engine cylinder with an additional suffix representing the purpose of a vehicle. Therefore, Ferrari 125 S had 1.5 L (1,496.77 cc) V12 engine with a unitary displacement of 124.73 cc; whilst S-suffix represented Sport. Other race cars also received names invoking particular races such as Ferrari 166 MM for Mille Miglia. With the introduction of road-going models,

884-629: Is a one-make racing series for the Ferrari 458 . The FXX is not road legal and is therefore only used for track events. The first vehicle made with the Ferrari name was the 125 S . Only two of this small two-seat sports/racing V12 car were made. In 1949, the 166 Inter was introduced marking the company's significant move into the grand touring road car market. The first 166 Inter was a four-seat (2+2) berlinetta coupe with body work designed by Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera . Road cars quickly became

952-527: Is always presented either as a shield, with the Italian tricolour above the horse and the initials SF (" Scuderia Ferrari ") below; or as a rectangle, replacing "SF" with the word "Ferrari" rendered in the company's trademark typeface. Enzo Ferrari offered an account of the horse's origins. In his story, after a 1923 victory in Ravenna , the family of Francesco Baracca , a deceased flying ace who painted

1020-525: Is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello . Founded in 1939 by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988), the company built its first car in 1940, adopted its current name in 1945, and began to produce its current line of road cars in 1947. Ferrari became a public company in 1960, and from 1963 to 2014 it was a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A. It was spun off from Fiat's successor entity, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles , in 2016. The company currently offers

1088-425: Is done by Ferrari, sometimes in cooperation with external design houses such as Pininfarina or Fioravanti , and the vehicles receive full homologation to be road legal. Since the creation of Ferrari's in-house styling centre in 2010 though, the focus has shifted away somewhat from outside coachbuilders and more towards creating new in-house designs for clients. The first car to be completed under this programme

1156-625: Is the Ferrari Driver Academy . Begun in 2009, the initiative follows the team's successful grooming of Felipe Massa between 2003 and 2006. Drivers who are accepted into the Academy learn the rules and history of formula racing as they compete, with Ferrari's support, in feeder classes such as Formula Three and Formula 4 . As of 2019, 5 out of 18 programme inductees had graduated and become F1 drivers: one of these drivers, Charles Leclerc , came to race for Scuderia Ferrari, while

1224-695: The 125 F1 , was first raced at the 1948 Italian Grand Prix , where its encouraging performance convinced Enzo to continue the company's costly Grand Prix racing programme. Ferrari's first victory in an F1 series was at the 1951 British Grand Prix , heralding its strong performance during the 1950s and early 1960s: between 1952 and 1964, the team took home six World Drivers' Championships and one Constructors' Championship . Notable Ferrari drivers from this era include Alberto Ascari , Juan Manuel Fangio , Phil Hill , and John Surtees . Ferrari's initial fortunes ran dry after 1964, and its began to receive its titles in isolated sprees. Ferrari first started to slip in

1292-420: The 125 S , which was the marque's first car, and many subsequent Ferraris. The company saw success in motorsport almost as soon as it began racing: the 125 S won many races in 1947, and several early victories, including the 1949 24 Hours of Le Mans and 1951 Carrera Panamericana , helped build Ferrari's reputation as a high-quality automaker. Ferrari won several more races in the coming years, and early in

1360-510: The 1964 Formula One season in American colours—blue, with a white racing stripe . By the early 2010s, red had also become less common on Ferrari's road cars, fighting with newly popular colours such as yellow, silver, and white. Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 The Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 was the first car to be fully designed and built by Enzo Ferrari . Legal issues with former associates Alfa Romeo prevented Ferrari from creating

1428-447: The 2023 FIA World Endurance Championship , Ferrari, in partnership with AF Corse , fielded two 499P sports prototypes. To commemorate the company's return to the discipline, one of the cars was numbered "50", referencing the fifty years that had elapsed since a works Ferrari competed in an endurance race. The 499P finished first at the 2023 24 Hours of Le Mans , ending Toyota Gazoo Racing 's five-year winning streak there and becoming

SECTION 20

#1732776112520

1496-465: The Ferrari marque. The 815 raced at the 1940 Brescia Grand Prix , where both entries failed to finish due to engine problems. One of the cars was later scrapped, while the other is currently in a car collection in Italy. In 1938, Ferrari left Alfa Romeo after running Scuderia Ferrari as their racing division. The agreement ending their association forbade Ferrari from restarting Scuderia Ferrari within

1564-457: The Ferrari 125 S —also the first Ferrari-branded sports car—became the first to wear it. For many years, rosso corsa ( ' racing red ' ) was the required colour of all Italian racing cars. It is also closely associated with Ferrari: even after livery regulations changed, allowing race teams to deviate from their national colours , Scuderia Ferrari continued to paint its cars bright red, as it does to this day. On Ferrari's road-going cars,

1632-569: The Mille Miglia , and two victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans , among many other races These races were ideal environments for the development and promotion of Ferrari's earlier road cars, which were broadly similar to their racing counterparts. This luck continued into the first half of the 1960s, when Ferrari won the WSC's 2000GT class three consecutive times and finished first at Le Mans for six consecutive years. Its winning streak at Le Mans

1700-466: The "HY-KERS Concept", Ferrari's hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano's 612 hp. Also in mid-2014, the flagship LaFerrari was put into production featuring a hybrid system. Ferrari introduced their first plug-in hybrid (PHEV) model in 2019 with the SF90 Stradale , followed by the 296 in 2021. From the beginning, the Ferrari naming convention consisted of

1768-477: The 1950s and 1960s, Ferrari supplied Formula One cars to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example was Tony Vandervell 's team, which raced the Thinwall Special modified Ferraris before building their own Vanwall cars. The North American Racing Team 's entries in the final three rounds of the 1969 season were the last occasions on which a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered

1836-637: The 1950s its road cars were already a favourite of the international elite. Ferrari produced many families of interrelated cars, including the America , Monza , and 250 series, and the company's first series-produced car was the 250 GT Coupé , beginning in 1958. In 1960, Ferrari was reorganized as a public company . It soon began searching for a business partner to handle its manufacturing operations: it first approached Ford in 1963, though negotiations fell through; later talks with Fiat , who bought 50% of Ferrari's shares in 1969, were more successful. In

1904-646: The Centro Stile Ferrari for the design of all its road cars. The Ferrari F12 was the last Ferrari production model to feature Pininfarina design, although Ferrari has stated that they will continue to collaborate with Pininfarina on special projects. The Ferrari SF90 Stradale is the first-ever Ferrari to feature PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) architecture which sees the internal combustion engine integrated with three electric motors, two of which are independent and located on

1972-467: The Constructors' Championship in 1982 and 1983. Following another drought in the 1980s and 1990s, Ferrari saw a long winning streak in the 2000s, largely through the work of Michael Schumacher . After signing onto the team in 1996, Schumacher gave Ferrari five consecutive drivers' titles between 2000 and 2004; this was accompanied by six consecutive constructors' titles, beginning in 1999. Ferrari

2040-534: The February 1967 24 Hours of Daytona with the 330 P4 . Only in the 1973 Daytona 24 Hours, a 365 GTB/4 run by NART (who raced Ferraris in America) ran second, behind a Porsche 911 . The various Dino models were named for Enzo's son, Dino Ferrari, and were marketed as Dinos by Ferrari and sold at Ferrari dealers – for all intents and purposes they are Ferraris. In the mid-1990s, Ferrari added

2108-482: The Italian military; the contracts for these goods were lucrative, and provided the new company with a great deal of capital. In 1943, under threat of Allied bombing raids, the company's factory was moved to Maranello . Though the new facility was nonetheless bombed twice, Ferrari remains in Maranello to this day. In 1945, Ferrari adopted its current name. Work started promptly on a new V12 engine that would power

Fiorano Modenese - Misplaced Pages Continue

2176-462: The bulk of Ferrari sales. The early Ferrari road cars typically featured bodywork designed and customised by independent coachbuilders such as Vignale , Touring , Ghia , Pininfarina , Scaglietti and Bertone . The original Ferrari road cars were typically two-seat front-engined V12s. This platform served Ferrari well through the 1950s and 1960s. In 1967, the V6 powered Dino 206 GT was introduced as

2244-444: The colour has always been among the company's most popular choices: in 2012, 40 per cent of Ferraris left the factory painted red, while in the early 1990s the figure was even higher, at 85 per cent. Some Ferrari vehicles, such as the 288 GTO , have only been made available in red. Although rosso corsa is the colour most associated with Ferrari, it has not always been the colour of choice. Ferraris raced by privateers have run in

2312-515: The company "Auto Avio Costruzioni", and headquartered it in the facilities of the old Scuderia Ferrari; due to a noncompete agreement with Alfa Romeo, the company could not use the Ferrari name for another four years. The company produced a single car, the Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 , which participated in only one race before the outbreak of World War II . During the war, Enzo's company produced aircraft engines and machine tools for

2380-573: The company's F2 programme led directly to the creation of the Dino engine , which came to power various racing and road Ferraris. The final non-F1 formula in which Ferrari competed was the Tasman Series , wherein Chris Amon won the 1969 championship in a Dino 246 Tasmania . At least two water speed record boats have utilized Ferrari powertrains, both of them 800kg-class hydroplanes from

2448-509: The company, turned Scuderia Ferrari into its unofficial representative on the track. Alfa Romeo supplied racing cars to Ferrari, who eventually amassed some of the best drivers of the 1930s and won many races before the team's liquidation in 1937. Late in 1937, Scuderia Ferrari was liquidated and absorbed into Alfa Romeo, but Enzo's disagreements with upper management caused him to leave in 1939. He used his settlement to found his own company, where he intended to produce his own cars. He called

2516-426: The early 1950s. Neither boat was built by or affiliated with Ferrari, though one of them, Arno XI , had its engine order approved directly by Enzo Ferrari. Arno XI still holds the top speed record for an 800kg hydroplane. Since 2019, Scuderia Ferrari has participated in sim racing . Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, aside from its own works Scuderia Ferrari team. In

2584-564: The early 1990s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on engine displacement and a number of cylinders: Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style. In general, the following conventions were used: This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (such as Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not official factory names. The Daytona name commemorates Ferrari's triple success in

2652-493: The emblem on his airplane, paid him a visit. Paolina de Biancoli, Francesco's mother, suggested that Ferrari adopt the horse as a good luck charm: he accepted the request, and the Prancing Horse was first used by his racing team in 1932, applied to their Alfa Romeo 8C with the addition of a canary yellow background—the "colour of Modena ", Enzo's hometown. The rectangular Prancing Horse has been used since 1947, when

2720-438: The first Ferrari in 58 years to win the race. Ferrari repeated this feat at the 2024 24 Hours of Le Mans , marking its first consecutive victory at the race since 1965. From 1932 to 1935 Scuderia Ferrari operated a motorcycle racing division, which was conceived as a way to scout and train future Grand Prix drivers. Instead of Italian motorcycles, the team used British ones manufactured by Norton and Rudge . Though Ferrari

2788-727: The first in the line of Ferrari flagship "supercars". This pedigree is considered to extend through the F40 , F50 , Enzo and the LaFerrari . These are sometimes referred to by collectors as the "Big 5". Ferrari has produced a handful of concept cars such as the Modulo , Mythos , and Pinin . Some of these were quite radical and never intended for production, while others showed styling elements that were later incorporated into production models. Most of Ferrari's concept cars have been collaborations with design studio Pininfarina . The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves

Fiorano Modenese - Misplaced Pages Continue

2856-508: The first lap, Ascari's car developed a broken rocker arm and retired. Rangoni then took the lead, set the lap record for the class, and had a lead of more than half an hour when his engine or rear axle failed after seven laps. Further development and production of the 815 was indefinitely stopped when Italy entered World War II on 10 June 1940. During the war years, the company focused on machine tool production, although Enzo Ferrari continued to plan future racing car production. Car no. 020

2924-424: The first production rear mid-engined car built by Ferrari. The 206 GT was sold under the lower cost Dino marque, named after Enzo Ferrari's late son, and sold in greater numbers than any previous Ferrari model. The first rear mid-engine model to be sold under the Ferrari name came in 1973 with the flat 12 powered Berlinetta Boxer . This rear mid-engine layout would go on to be used in many Ferraris continuing into

2992-575: The front axle, with the third at the rear between the engine and the gearbox. In the 1950s and 1960s, clients often personalized their vehicles as they came straight from the factory. This philosophy added to the mystique of the brand at the time. Every Ferrari that came out of Maranello could be built to an individual customer's specification. Ferrari formalized this concept with its earlier Carrozzeria Scaglietti programme. The options offered here were more typical such as racing seats, rearview cameras, and other special trim. In late 2011, Ferrari announced

3060-716: The hiring of Michael Schumacher and Jean Todt ), and the production of three more flagship cars: the F50 , the Enzo , and the LaFerrari . In addition to his leadership of Ferrari, Montezemolo was also the chairman of Fiat proper between 2004 and 2010. After Montezemolo resigned, he was replaced in quick succession by many new chairmen and CEOs. He was succeeded first by Sergio Marchionne , who would oversee Ferrari's initial public offering and subsequent spin-off from Fiat Chrysler Automobiles , and then by Louis Camilleri as CEO and John Elkann as chairman. Beginning in 2021, Camilleri

3128-403: The late 1960s, when it was outclassed by teams using the inexpensive, well-engineered Cosworth DFV engine. The team's performance improved markedly in the mid-1970s thanks to Niki Lauda , whose skill behind the wheel granted Ferrari a drivers' title in 1975 and 1977; similar success was accomplished in following years by the likes of Jody Scheckter and Gilles Villeneuve . The team also won

3196-596: The late 1990s. Such private teams as the American Risi Competizione and Italian AF Corse teams have been very successful with Ferrari GT racers over the years. This car, made for endurance sportscar racing to compete against such racing versions of the Audi R8 , McLaren MP4-12C , and BMW Z4 (E89) has proven to be successful, but not as successful as its predecessor, the F430 . The Ferrari Challenge

3264-505: The letter "F" to the beginning of all models (a practice abandoned after the F512 M and F355 , but adopted again with the F430 , but not with its successor, the Ferrari 458 ). Ferrari's symbol is the "Prancing Horse" ( Italian : Cavallino Rampante , lit.   ' little prancing horse ' ), a prancing black horse on a yellow background. Minor details of its appearance have changed many times, but its shape has remained consistent: it

3332-467: The next four years. Ferrari then founded Auto Avio Costruzioni (AAC) in Modena to manufacture aircraft parts and machine tools for the Italian government. AAC specialized in the production of hydraulic grinding machines used to produce ball bearings . The company established business partnerships with other Italian firms, including Compagnia Nazionale Aeronautica and Piaggio . In December 1939, AAC

3400-416: The onset of World War II. Two 815s, numbers 020 and 021, were completed and entered in the 1940 Brescia Grand Prix, which ran nine laps of a 103 miles (166 km) street circuit. Rangoni and Nardi raced in 020, while Ascari and Giovanni Minozzi raced in 021. Minozzi was Ascari's cousin, who participated in many races during the 1920s and 30s without any major wins. After leading the 1500 cc class in

3468-529: The other four signed to other teams. Non-graduate drivers have participated in racing development, filled consultant roles, or left the Academy to continue racing in lower-tier formulae. Aside from an abortive effort in 1940, Ferrari began racing sports cars in 1947, when the 125 S won six out of the ten races it participated in. Ferrari continued to see similar luck in the years to follow: by 1957, just ten years after beginning to compete, Ferrari had won three World Sportscar Championships , seven victories in

SECTION 50

#1732776112520

3536-474: The present day. Current Ferrari road cars typically use V8 or V12 engines, with V8 models making up over half of the marque's total production. For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB. The company has also produced several front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in

3604-409: The recent V12 model Lusso and V8 models Roma , Portofino and Lusso T . The California is credited with initiating the popular current model line of V8 front-engined 2+2 grand touring performance sports cars. Starting in the early 2010s with the LaFerrari , Ferrari shifted its focus away from using independent coachbuilders, most notably Pininfarina , to instead relying on in-house design from

3672-439: The second half of the decade, Ferrari also produced two cars that upended its more traditional models: the 1967 Dino 206 GT , which was its first mass-produced mid-engined road car, and the 1968 365 GTB/4 , which possessed streamlined styling that modernised Ferrari's design language. The Dino in particular was a decisive movement away from the company's conservative engineering approach, where every road-going Ferrari featured

3740-491: The suffix Inter was added, inspired by the Scuderia Inter racing team of Igor Troubetzkoy. Popular at that time 166 -series had 2.0 L (1,995.02 cc) engines with 166.25 cc of unitary displacement and a very diverse 250 -series had 3.0 L (2,953.21 cc) of total displacement and 246.10 cc of unitary. Later series of road cars were renamed Europa and top-of-the-line series America and Superamerica. Until

3808-433: The team then tuned and adjusted to their desired specifications. Scuderia Ferrari was highly successful in the 1930s: between 1929 and 1937 the team fielded such top drivers as Antonio Ascari , Giuseppe Campari , and Tazio Nuvolari , and won 144 out of its 225 races. Ferrari returned to Grand Prix racing in 1947, which was at that point metamorphosing into modern-day Formula One. The team's first homebuilt Grand Prix car,

3876-489: Was also highly active in sports car racing , where its cars took many wins in races such as the Mille Miglia , Targa Florio and 24 Hours of Le Mans , as well as several overall victories in the World Sportscar Championship . Scuderia Ferrari fans, commonly called tifosi , are known for their passion and loyalty to the team. Ferrari is one of the world's strongest brands , and it maintains

3944-491: Was based on the car's eight-cylinder, 1.5 L (1,496 cc) engine bore/stroke of 63 mm × 60 mm (2.48 in × 2.36 in). This engine was largely based on the four-cylinder, 1.1 L engine of the Fiat 508 C Balilla 1100 . In concept, it was two 508C engines placed end to end, but it used a specially designed aluminium block built by Fonderia Calzoni in Bologna for integrity and light weight and

4012-449: Was broken by Ford in 1966, and though Ferrari would win two more WSC titles—one in 1967 and another in 1972 —poor revenue allocation, combined with languishing performance in Formula One, led the company to cease competing in sports car events in 1973. From that point onward, Ferrari would help prepare sports racing cars for privateer teams, but would not race them itself. In 2023, Ferrari reentered prototype sports car racing. For

4080-645: Was commissioned by Lotario Rangoni  [ it ] to build and prepare two racing cars for him and Alberto Ascari to drive in the 1940 Mille Miglia . The race, which was officially named the Grand Prix of Brescia, was to be run in April 1940. The resulting car was named the AAC Tipo 815 . The 815 was designed and developed by ex-Alfa Romeo engineers Alberto Massimino and Vittorio Bellentani , advised by test driver Enrico Nardi . The designation "815"

4148-420: Was especially dominant in the 2004 season , where it lost only three races. After Schumacher's departure, Ferrari won one more drivers' title—given in 2007 to Kimi Räikkönen —and two constructors' titles in 2007 and 2008. These are the team's most recent titles to date; as of late, Ferrari has struggled to outdo recently ascendant teams such as Red Bull and Mercedes-Benz . Ferrari's junior driver programme

SECTION 60

#1732776112520

4216-493: Was high-tech for the time, with a single camshaft in block , two valves per cylinder, and a semi- dry sump lubrication system. Four Weber 30DR2 carburettors were specified for a total output of 75 hp (56 kW) at 5500 rpm. The 815 used a Fiat four-speed transmission with the Fiat gears replaced by gears made in-house by AAC. The transmission was integral to the engine block. The car had independent Dubonnet suspension with integral shock absorber at front, with

4284-408: Was replaced as CEO by Benedetto Vigna , who has announced plans to develop Ferrari's first fully electric model. During this period, Ferrari has expanded its production, owing to a global increase in wealth, while becoming more selective with its licensing deals. Since the company's beginnings, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport. Through its works team , Scuderia Ferrari , it has competed in

4352-455: Was replaced in 1991 by Luca Cordero di Montezemolo , under whose 23-year-long chairmanship the company greatly expanded. Between 1991 and 2014, he increased the profitability of Ferrari's road cars nearly tenfold, both by increasing the range of cars offered and through limiting the total number produced. Montezemolo's chairmanship also saw an expansion in licensing deals, a drastic improvement in Ferrari's Formula One performance (not least through

4420-499: Was sent to a scrapyard by Lotario Rangoni in 1938, following an accident. Lotario died during the Second World War and his brother, Rolando, inherited the car. Rolando attempted to recover the car from the scrapyard in 1958. After locating the car and confirming its identity with Enzo Ferrari, he returned to collect it only to find it had been crushed during his absence, irreversibly destroying it. Ascari's car, no. 021,

4488-493: Was successful on two wheels, winning three national titles and 44 overall victories, it was eventually pushed out of the discipline both by the obsolescence of pushrod motorcycle engines and broader economic troubles stemming from the Great Depression . Ferrari formerly participated in a variety of non-F1 open-wheel series. As early as 1948, Ferrari had developed cars for Formula Two and Formula Libre events, and

4556-487: Was the 2008 SP1 , commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second was the P540 Superfast Aperta , commissioned by an American collector. The following is a list of Special Projects cars that have been made public: An F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show . At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show , Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599 . Called

4624-718: Was the 2010 Millechili . A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, commissioned to coachbuilders by wealthy owners. Examples include the P4/5 and the 612 Kappa . The Special Projects programme, also called the Portfolio Coachbuilding Programme, was launched in 2008 as a way to revive the tradition of past one-off and limited production coachbuilt Ferrari models, allowing clients to work with Ferrari and top Italian coachbuilders to create bespoke bodied models based on modern Ferrari road cars. Engineering and design

#519480