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33-1032: Coordinates : 52°51′00″N 128°00′00″W / 52.85000°N 128.00000°W / 52.85000; -128.00000 ( Fiordland Recreation Area ) Conservancy in British Columbia, Canada Not to be confused with Fiordland National Park . Fiordland Conservancy IUCN category Ib ( wilderness area ) [REDACTED] Kynoch Inlet, Fiordland Conservancy [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Location Kitimat-Stikine , British Columbia , Canada Nearest city Bella Bella Coordinates 52°51′00″N 128°00′00″W / 52.85000°N 128.00000°W / 52.85000; -128.00000 ( Fiordland Recreation Area ) Area 76,825 ha (296.62 sq mi) Designation Conservancy Established 1987 Governing body BC Parks The Fiordland Conservancy , also known as
66-543: A prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with the full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used
99-679: A little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against
132-416: A location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of
165-538: A longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly,
198-700: A national cartographical organization include the North American Datum , the European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS 84 differs at Greenwich from
231-872: A simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326 ), the default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by
264-503: A year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of the melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS 80 or WGS 84 spheroid at sea level at
297-586: Is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan β = b a tan ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS 80 and WGS 84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!}
330-418: Is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system
363-981: Is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. List of protected areas of British Columbia [REDACTED] Distribution and location of protected areas in British Columbia (2006) International Associated acts The following list of protected areas of British Columbia includes all federally and provincially protected areas within
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#1732780425804396-1070: Is located in British Columbia: There are numerous National Historic Sites of Canada in British Columbia, with 13 being operated by Parks Canada : Six National Wildlife Areas of Canada are located in British Columbia: Seven Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of Canada are located in British Columbia: Three Marine Protected Areas of Canada are located in British Columbia: Three Marine Refuges of Canada are located in British Columbia: The British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development (FLNRORD) manages
429-544: Is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at
462-753: Is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as the French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines
495-405: Is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires a datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations
528-607: The Canadian province of British Columbia . As of 2015, approximately 15.46% of the province's land area and 3.17% of the province's waters are protected. Three UNESCO World Heritage Sites are entirely or partially located in British Columbia : Two UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserves are in British Columbia : Seven National Parks of Canada are located in British Columbia, more than any other province or territory: One National Marine Conservation Area of Canada
561-558: The Fiordland Recreation Area formerly, and since also as the Fiordland Conservation Area , is a conservancy in British Columbia , Canada . It preserves a portion of the province's coast containing glacial fjords ; at the time of its inception it was the only protected area in the system protecting this particular environmental zone. Established in 1987, the park covers 76,825 hectares of
594-610: The Kitimat Ranges , part of the Coast Mountains , and 7,592 hectares of foreshore. It is located approximately 100 kilometers north of the town of Bella Coola . The park encompasses two major inlets — Mussel and Kynoch . As there is no road access to the park, it is mainly enjoyed by sailors and kayakers. Although there are no modern settlements in the area, the Heiltsuk people have maintained villages along
627-494: The Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In the 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from
660-512: The Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and
693-22536: The Rockies Inonoaklin James Chabot Jimsmith Lake Kikomun Creek Morrissey Mount Assiniboine Mount Fernie Moyie Lake Norbury Lake Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Premier Lake Ryan St. Mary's Alpine Thunder Hill Top of the World Wardner Wasa Lake Whiteswan Lake Windermere Lake Fraser-Fort George RD Ancient Forest/Chun T’oh Whudujut Arctic Pacific Lakes Bijoux Falls Bobtail Mountain Carp Lake Close-To-The-Edge Crooked River Dahl Lake Erg Mountain Eskers Evanoff Fort George Canyon Fraser River Heather-Dina Lakes Jackman Flats Kakwa Monkman Mount Robson Mount Terry Fox Pine Le Moray Ptarmigan Creek Purden Lake Rearguard Falls Slim Creek Small River Caves Sowchea Bay Sugarbowl-Grizzly Den Three Sisters Lakes Tudyah Lake West Lake West Twin Whiskers Point Fraser Valley RD Alexandra Bridge Bridal Veil Falls Chilliwack River Coquihalla Canyon Coquihalla River Cultus Lake Davis Lake E.C. Manning Emory Creek F.H. Barber Ferry Island Garibaldi Golden Ears Kilby Mehatl Creek Nahatlatch Nicolum River Rolley Lake Sasquatch Silver Lake Skagit Valley Sx̱ótsaqel/Chilliwack Lake Kitimat-Stikine RD Anderson Flats Bear Glacier Border Lake Boulder Creek Bulkley Junction Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea Choquette Hot Springs Coste Rocks Dala-Kildala Rivers Estuaries Eagle Bay Exchamsiks River Foch-Gilttoyees Gitnadoiks River Great Glacier Green Inlet Marine Hai Lake–Mount Herman Iskut River Hot Springs Jackson Narrows Marine Kinaskan Lake Kitimat River Kitsumkalum Kitwanga Mountain Kleanza Creek Lakelse Lake Lakelse Lake Wetlands Lava Forks Lowe Inlet Marine Meziadin Lake Mount Edziza Nalbeelah Creek Wetlands Netalzul Meadows Ningunsaw Nisga'a Memorial Lava Bed Owyacumish River Ross Lake Seeley Lake Seven Sisters Protected Area Sleeping Beauty Mountain Stikine River Sue Channel Swan Lake Kispiox River Todagin South Slope Union Passage Marine Kootenay Boundary RD Beaver Creek Boothman's Oxbow Boundary Creek Champion Lakes Christina Lake Conkle Lake Gilpin Grasslands Gladstone Granby Jewel Lake Johnstone Creek King George VI Nancy Greene Metro Vancouver RD Apodaca Cypress Golden Ears Mount Seymour Peace Arch Pinecone Burke Say Nuth Khaw Yum (Indian Arm) Mount Waddington RD Allison Harbour Marine Broughton Archipelago Cape Scott Claud Elliott Lake Cormorant Channel Marine Echo Bay Marine God's Pocket Marine Lanz and Cox Islands Lawn Point Lower Nimpkish Lower Tsitika Marble River Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula Nimpkish Lake Quatsino Raft Cove Schoen Lake Woss Lake Nanaimo RD Arbutus Grove Drumbeg Englishman River Falls Gabriola Sands Gerald Island Hemer Horne Lake Caves Little Qualicum River Falls MacMillan Morden Colliery Historic Petroglyph Pirates Cove Marine Rathtrevor Beach Roberts Memorial Sandwell Saysutshun (Newcastle Island) Spider Lake North Coast RD Diana Lake Khutzeymateen Kitson Island Marine Klewnuggit Inlet Marine Lower Skeena River Naikoon Prudhomme Lake Pure Lake North Okanagan RD Denison - Bonneau Echo Lake Ellison Enderby Cliffs Granby Graystokes Kalamalka Lake Kekuli Bay Kingfisher Creek Mabel Lake Mara Mara Meadows Monashee Mount Griffin Shuswap River Islands Silver Star Skookumchuck Rapids Upper Violet Creek Wap Creek Northern Rockies RM Andy Bailey Jackpine Remnant Kotcho Lake Village Liard River Corridor Liard River Hot Springs Maxhamish Lake Muncho Lake Northern Rocky Mountains Scatter River Old Growth Sikanni Old Growth Smith River Falls – Fort Halkett Stone Mountain Tetsa River Toad River Hot Springs Okanagan-Similkameen RD Allison Lake Bromley Rock Cathedral Darke Lake E.C. Manning Eneas Lakes Inkaneep Keremeos Columns Kickininee Nickel Plate Okanagan Lake Okanagan Mountain Otter Lake Skaha Bluffs Stemwinder Sun-Oka Beach sw̓iw̓s (Haynes Point) sx̌ʷəx̌ʷnitkʷ (Okanagan Falls) Vaseux Lake Peace River RD Bearhole Lake Beatton Beatton River Bocock Peak Buckinghorse River Wayside Butler Ridge Charlie Lake Chase East Pine Ed Bird – Estella Lakes Finlay-Russel Graham-Laurier Gwillim Lake Hole-in-the-Wall Kakwa Kiskatinaw Kwadacha Wilderness Milligan Hills Moberly Lake Monkman Muscovite Lakes Omineca One Island Lake Peace River Corridor Pine Le Moray Pine River Breaks Pink Mountain Prophet River Hotsprings Prophet River Wayside Redfern-Keily Sukunka Falls Swan Lake Tatlatui Taylor Landing Wapiti Lake qathet RD Anderson Bay Copeland Islands Marine Desolation Sound Marine Inland Lake Malaspina Okeover Arm Jedediah Island Marine Sabine Channel Marine Saltery Bay South Texada Island Squitty Bay Squamish-Lillooet RD Alice Lake Birkenhead Lake Blackcomb Glacier Brackendale Eagles Brandywine Falls Bridge River Delta Callaghan Lake Clendinning Duffey Lake Edge Hills Fred Antoine Garibaldi Gwyneth Lake Joffre Lakes Marble Canyon Murrin Nairn Falls Porteau Cove Seton Portage Historic Shannon Falls South Chilcotin Mountains Stawamus Chief Tantalus Upper Lillooet Yalakom Stikine Region Atlin/Áa Tlein Téix'i Dall River Old Growth Denetiah Dune Za Keyih Horneline Creek Hyland River Omineca Spatsizi Headwaters Spatsizi Plateau Wilderness Stikine River Sustut Tā Ch’ilā (Boya Lake) Tarahne Tatshenshini-Alsek Tuya Mountains Strathcona RD Artlish Caves Big Bunsby Marine Bishop River Bligh Island Catala Island Marine Dixie Cove Marine Elk Falls Gold Muchalat Háthayim (Von Donop) Marine Homathko Estuary Loveland Bay Main Lake Mansons Landing Mitlenatch Island Nature Morton Lake Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula Nuchatlitz Octopus Islands Marine Read Island Rebecca Spit Marine Rendezvous Island South Rock Bay Marine Roscoe Bay Rugged Point Marine Santa Gertrudis - Boca del Infierno Marine Small Inlet Marine Smelt Bay Strathcona Strathcona-Westmin Surge Narrows Tahsish-Kwois Teakerne Arm Thurston Bay Marine Walsh Cove Weymer Creek White Ridge White River Sunshine Coast RD Buccaneer Bay Francis Point Garden Bay Marine Halkett Bay Marine Hardy Island Marine Harmony Islands Marine Mount Elphinstone Mount Richardson Musket Island Marine Plumper Cove Marine Porpoise Bay Princess Louisa Marine Roberts Creek Sargeant Bay Sechelt Inlets Marine Simson Marine Skookumchuck Narrows Smuggler Cove Marine Spipiyus Tetrahedron Thompson-Nicola RD Arrowstone Banana Island Bedard Aspen Big Bar Lake Blue Earth Lake Blue River Black Spruce Blue River Pine Bonaparte Buse Lake Caligata Lake Castle Rock Hoodoos Chasm Chu Chua Cottonwood Churn Creek Coldwater River Copper Johnny Cornwall Hills Downing Dunn Peak Eakin Creek Canyon Eakin Creek Floodplain Edge Hills Elephant Hill Emar Lakes Epsom Finn Creek Flat Lake French Bar Creek Goldpan Green Lake Greenstone Mountain Harbour Dudgeon Lakes Harry Lake Aspen High Lakes Basin Juniper Beach Kentucky Alleyne Loon Lake Marble Canyon Marble Range McConnell Lake Momich Lakes Monck Monte Creek Monte Lake Mount Savona Mud Lake Delta Niskonlith Lake North Thompson Islands North Thompson Oxbows East North Thompson Oxbows Jensen Island North Thompson River Oregon Jack Painted Bluffs Paul Lake Pennask Creek Pennask Lake Pillar Porcupine Meadows Pritchard Pyramid Creek Falls Roche Lake Skihist Steelhead Stein Valley Nlaka'pamux Taweel Tsintsunko Lakes Tunkwa Upper Adams River Walhachin Oxbows Walloper Lake Wells Gray Wire Cache Conservancies Alty Banks Nii Łuutiksm Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach Corridor Broughton Archipelago Burdwood Group Calvert Island Cascade-Sutslem Cetan/Thurston Bay Crab Lake Daawuuxusda Heritage Dean River Duu Guusd Heritage Dzawadi/Upper Klinaklini River Ecstall Headwaters Ecstall-Sparkling Ecstall-Spokskuut Ellerslie-Roscoe Ethelda Bay – Tennant Island Europa Lake Fiordland Forward Harbour/ƛəx̌əᵂəyəm Gitxaala Nii Luutiksm/Kitkatla Gunboat Harbour Hakai Lúxvbálís Hanna-Tintina Hotsprings-No Name Creek Kamdis Huchsduwachsdu Nuyem Jees / Kitlope Heritage Hunwadi/Ahnuhati-Bald Indian Lake – Hitchcock Creek/Át Ch'îni Shà Jump Across Kennedy Island K'distsausk/Turtle Point Khtada Lake Khutzeymateen Inlet Khyex Kitasoo Spirit Bear K’lgaan/Klekane K’mooda/Lowe-Gamble K'nabiyaaxl/Ashdown Koeye K’ootz/Khutze Ksgaxl/Stephens Island Ksi X’anmaas Ksi xts'at'kw/Stagoo Ktisgaidz/MacDonald Bay Kts'mkta'ani/Union Lake Kun⨱alas Heritage K'uuna Gwaay Heritage K'waal Lady Douglas-Don Peninsula Lax ka’gaas/Campania Lax Kul Nii Luutiksm/Bonilla Lax Kwaxl/Dundas and Melville Islands Lax Kwil Dziidz/Fin Lockhart-Gordon Lucy Islands Mahpahkum-Ahkwuna/Deserters-Walker Maxtaktsm'aa/Union Passage Moksgm’ol/Chapple–Cornwall Monckton Nii Luutiksm Nakina – Inklin Rivers (Kuthai Area)/Yáwu Yaa Nakina – Inklin Rivers/Yáwu Yaa Namu Nang Xaldangaas Heritage Neʼāhʼ Outer Central Coast Islands Owikeno Pa-aat Polkinghorne Islands Q’altanaas/Aaltanhash Qudǝs/Gillard-Jimmy Judd Island Conservancy Qwiquallaaq/Boat Bay Shearwater Hot Springs Tenh Dẕetle Tlall Heritage Tsa-Latĺ/Smokehouse Tutshi Lake/T’ooch’ Áayi Ugʷiwa’/Cape Caution Upper Elaho Valley Upper Gladys River/Watsíx Deiyi Upper Kimsquit River Upper Rogers kóḻii7 Upper Soo Willison Creek – Nelson Lake/Sít’ Héeni Yaaguun Gandlaay Yaaguun Suu Ecological reserves Aleza Lake Ambrose Lake Anne Vallée (Triangle Island) Baeria Rocks Ballingall Islets Baynes Island Bednesti Lake Beresford Island Big Creek Big White Mountain Blackwater Creek Bowen Island Bowser Browne Lake Buck Hills Road Burnt Cabin Bog Byers-Conroy-Harvey-Sinnett Islands Canoe Islets Checleset Bay Claud Elliott Creek Columbia Lake Drizzle Lake Duke of Edinburgh (Pine/Storm/Tree Islets) Dewdney and Glide Islands East Redonda Island Gamble Creek Gingietl Creek Gladys Lake Ilgachuz Range Klanawa River Misty Lake Mount Derby Mount Elliott Mount Tzouhalem Nitinat Lake Race Rocks Robson Bight Rose Spit San Juan River Estuary Sikanni Chief River Solander Island Tow Hill Trial Islands Tsitika Mountain Vladimir J. Krajina Protected areas Anarchist Brent Mountain Brim River Hot Springs Chukachida Churn Creek Craig Headwaters Damdochax Homathko River - Tatlayoko Klua Lakes Lac du Bois Grasslands Lucy Islands Nechako Canyon Pitman River Snowy South Okanagan Grasslands Thinahtea Thunderbird's Nest (T'iitsk'in Paawats) Upper Raush Vaseux White Lake Grasslands Recreation areas Coquihalla Summit Kettle River Mount Edziza (former) Wildlife Management Areas Bert Brink Boundary Bay Chilanko Marsh Cluxewe Columbia Wetlands Coquitlam River Cranberry Marsh/Starratt Dewdrop-Rosseau Creek East Side Columbia Lake Green Mountain Hamling Lakes Lhá:lt/Harrison-Chehalis Lazo Marsh-North East Comox McTaggart-Cowan/Nsək'łniw't Midge Creek Parksville-Qualicum Beach Pemberton Wetlands Pitt-Addington Marsh Quatse Estuary Roberts Bank S'amunu Serpentine Skwelwil'em Squamish Estuary South Arm Marshes South Okanagan Stellako River Sturgeon Bank Swan Lake Todagin Tofino Mudflats Tranquille Regional Parks Burnaby Lake Campbell Valley Capilano River Cascade Falls Derby Reach Elk/Beaver Lake Island View Beach Kanaka Creek Minnekhada Mount Arrowsmith Mount Douglas Pacific Spirit Sooke Potholes Surrey Bend təmtəmíxʷtən/Belcarra Other Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area Hidden Grove/Sechelt Heritage Forest Maplewood Flats Conservation Area Muskwa-Kechika Management Area Sacred Headwaters (proposed) Sea to Sea Green Blue Belt Swan Lake Nature Sanctuary [REDACTED] Category BC Parks [REDACTED] Commons Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiordland_Conservancy&oldid=1251530116 " Categories : IUCN Category Ib Conservancies of British Columbia North Coast of British Columbia 1987 establishments in British Columbia Protected areas established in 1987 Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Coordinates on Wikidata Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS )
SECTION 20
#1732780425804726-10351: The Yukon . North Vancouver, B.C.: Maia Publishing. pp. 232–233. ISBN 9780969456803 . v t e Protected areas of British Columbia CRHP Alberni-Clayoquot RD BC Coast Capital RD Kootenay RD Columbia-Shuswap RD Comox Valley RD Cowichan Valley RD East Kootenay RD Fraser Valley RD Kootenay Boundary RD Nanaimo RD New Westminster North Okanagan RD North Shore Northern/Central BC Interior Okanagan-Similkameen RD Squamish-Lillooet RD Strathcona RD Surrey Thompson-Nicola RD Vancouver Victoria International Recognition World Heritage Sites Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs (proposed) Kluane / Wrangell–St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek SGang Gwaay Stein Valley (proposed) Biosphere Reserves Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Region National Parks and affiliated areas National Parks Glacier Gulf Islands Reserve Gwaii Haanas Reserve Kootenay Mount Revelstoke Pacific Rim Reserve South Okanagan—Similkameen (proposed) Yoho Marine Conservation Areas Gwaii Haanas Reserve Southern Strait of Georgia Reserve (proposed) National Historic Sites Chilkoot Trail Fisgard Lighthouse Fort Langley Fort Rodd Hill Fort St. James Gitwangak Battle Hill Gulf of Georgia Cannery Kicking Horse Pass Kootanae House Nan Sdins Rogers Pass Stanley Park Twin Falls Tea House more... National Wildlife Areas National Wildlife Areas Alaksen Columbia Qualicum Scott Islands Marine Vaseux-Bighorn Widgeon Valley Migratory Bird Sanctuaries Christie Islet Esquimalt Lagoon George C. Reifel Nechako River Shoal Harbour Vaseux Lake Victoria Harbour Marine Protected Areas Marine Protected Areas Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs SGaan Kinghlas-Bowie Seamount Marine Refuges Gwaxdlala/Nalaxdlala (Lull/Hoeya) Offshore Pacific Seamounts and Vents Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound Glass Sponge Reef Provincial Parks and affiliated areas Parks Alberni-Clayoquot RD Clayoquot Arm Clayoquot Plateau Dawley Passage Epper Passage Flores Island Fossli Gibson Marine Hesquiat Lake Hesquiat Peninsula Hitchie Creek Kennedy Lake Kennedy River Bog Maquinna Nitinat River Sproat Lake Stamp River Strathcona Sulphur Passage Sydney Inlet Taylor Arm Tranquil Creek Vargas Island Bulkley-Nechako RD Atna River Babine Lake Marine Babine Mountains Babine River Corridor Beaumont Burns Lake Call Lake Dead Man's Island Driftwood Canyon Entiako Ethel F. Wilson Memorial Finger-Tatuk François Lake Little Andrews Bay Marine Morice Lake Mount Blanchet Mount Pope Mudzenchoot Nadina Mountain Nation Lakes Nenikëkh/Nanika-Kidprice Netalzul Meadows Nilkitkwa Lake Old Man Lake Omineca Paarens Beach Rainbow Alley Red Bluff Rubyrock Lake Stuart Lake Stuart Lake Marine Stuart River Sutherland River Takla Lake Marine Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea Topley Landing Trembleur Lake Tweedsmuir North Tweedsmuir South Tyhee Lake Uncha Mountain Red Hills Wistaria Capital RD Beaver Point Bellhouse Bodega Ridge Burgoyne Bay Collinson Point Dionisio Point Discovery Island Marine French Beach Goldstream Gowland Tod ȽÁU,WELṈEW̱/John Dean Juan de Fuca Montague Harbour Mount Erskine Mount Maxwell Ruckle Sooke Mountain Sooke Potholes Wallace Island Cariboo RD Beaver Valley Big Creek Bowron Lake Bridge Lake Bull Canyon Canim Beach Cariboo Mountains Cariboo Nature Cariboo River Cedar Point Cottonwood River Donnely Lake Dragon Mountain Flat Lake Horsefly Lake Itcha Ilgachuz Junction Sheep Range Kluskoil Lake Lac La Hache Moose Valley Nazko Lake Nuntsi Pinnacles Puntchesakut Lake Punti Island Rainbow-Qiwentem Ruth Lake Schoolhouse Lake Ten Mile Lake Titetown Tsʼilʔos Wells Gray Wendle White Pelican Central Coast RD Codville Lagoon Marine Oliver Cove Marine Penrose Island Marine Sir Alexander Mackenzie Tweedsmuir South Central Kootenay RD Arrow Lakes Champion Lakes Cody Caves Drewry Point Erie Creek Gladstone Goat Range Grohman Narrows Kianuko Kokanee Creek Kokanee Glacier Kootenay Lake Lockhart Beach Lockhart Creek McDonald Creek Pilot Bay Purcell Wilderness Conservancy Rosebery Ryan Stagleap Summit Lake Syringa Valhalla West Arm Yahk Central Okanagan RD Bear Creek Browne Lake Fintry Graystokes Kalamalka Lake Myra-Bellevue Okanagan Mountain Trepanier Wrinkly Face Columbia-Shuswap RD Adams Lake Anstey-Hunakwa Arrow Lakes Blanket Creek Bugaboo Burges James Gadsden Cinnemousun Narrows Cummins Lakes English Lake Hamber Herald Kingfisher Creek Marl Creek Martha Creek Oregana Creek Pukeashun Shuswap Lake Marine Shuswap Lake Shuswap River Islands Silver Beach Skookumchuck Rapids Sunnybrae Tsútswecw Upper Seymour River Victor Lake White Lake Yard Creek Comox Valley RD Boyle Point Denman Island Fillongley Helliwell Jáji7em and Kw’ulh (Sandy Island) Marine Kin Beach Kitty Coleman Miracle Beach Mount Geoffrey Escarpment Rosewall Creek Strathcona Tribune Bay Cowichan Valley RD Bamberton Carmanah Walbran Chemainus River Cowichan River Eves Gordon Bay Koksilah River Memory Island Nitinat River Spectacle Lake Wakes Cove West Shawnigan Lake Whaleboat Island Marine East Kootenay RD Akamina-Kishinena Bugaboo Columbia Lake Crowsnest Dry Gulch Elk Lakes Elk Valley Gilnockie Height of
759-464: The far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana ,
792-415: The length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand the distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get
825-481: The motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to) the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on
858-523: The one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112 m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120 m to 180 m. Points on the Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm
891-535: The proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with the International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and
924-430: The same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because the location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection
957-664: The same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding the length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text
990-486: The shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for a region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using
1023-452: The shores in the past. The nearest settlements are Klemtu and Bella Bella . References [ edit ] ^ "Fiordland Conservancy" . Protected Planet . Retrieved 2020-09-15 . ^ BC Names/GeoBC entry "Fiordland Recreation Area" ^ "Fiordland Conservancy" . BC Parks - Province of British Columbia . Retrieved 12 May 2013 . ^ Paquet, Maggie (1990). Parks of British Columbia and
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1056-464: The surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of a point on Earth's surface
1089-445: The width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!} is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi }
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