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50-458: The National Fire Protection Association identifies that 3 out of 5 deaths that occur during fires happen in homes that do not have smoke detectors installed or homes that do not have working smoke detectors. Research shows that the chances of dying in a fire are cut in half when smoke detectors are present. It is recognized that 74 percent of homes do have working smoke detectors installed. Generally taught more to adults (particularly homeowners ),

100-462: A real estate developer or as an existing home from a previous landlord or owner-occupier. A house is usually the most expensive single purchase an individual or family makes, and often costs several times the annual household income. Given the high cost, most individuals do not have enough savings on hand to pay the entire amount outright. In developed countries, mortgage loans are available from financial institutions in return for interest . If

150-670: A briefing in August 2013 which highlighted the significance of this issue. The briefing referred to several major factory fires, including the 2012 Dhaka garment factory fire in the Tazreen Fashion factory and other examples of fires in Bangladesh, Pakistan and elsewhere, compared the incidence of fire safety issues in a manufacturing context, and highlighted the need for buyers , suppliers and local fire safety enforcement agencies all to take action to improve fire safety within

200-449: A building that they may have to go into. Using this, fire fighters can locate and avoid potential dangers such as hazardous material (hazmat) storage areas and flammable chemicals . In addition to this, fire safety plans can also provide specialized information that, in the case of a hospital fire, can provide information about the location of things like the nuclear medicine ward. In addition to this, fire safety plans also greatly improve

250-413: A certain threshold. Home ownership gives occupants the right to modify the building and land as they please (subject to government, homeowner association , and deed restrictions), protects them from eviction , and creates a right to occupation which can be inherited. In some jurisdictions, it also confers certain legal rights with regard to abutters . Houses and the land they sit on are expensive, and

300-529: A child. One way a child can get used to or trust a firefighter is seeing a firefighter dress, step by step, seeing that they are a person wearing a uniform and protective equipment. Furthermore, being able to walk up and touch the firefighter can reassure the child that he or she is a real person. Elderly and disabled people are potentially at greater risk in emergency situations as a result of poor mobility or intellectual disability from age. Fire prevention outreach often involves ensuring that these groups have

350-729: A clearly defined plan of what to do in the event of an emergency and easy access to emergency exits . Elderly people are considered by the United States Fire Administration those to be the ages of 65 and older and those that have mental and physical impairments and may rely heavily on medical supplements to get through their everyday lives. In many jurisdictions, landlords are responsible for implementing fire prevention and fire safety measures in accordance with various laws. Landlords must perform regular fire safety risk assessments in order to identify if any properties could be potentially harmed by fires. Hording

400-533: A core part of fire prevention outreach involves encouraging people to ensure that they have an adequate number of smoke detectors installed in their home and how to maintain them. A wet-pipe sprinkler system is an automatic sprinkler system in which the supply valves are open and the system is charged with water. They are the quickest at getting water on the fire and are the simplest to maintain. Wet-pipe systems are installed where indoor temperatures can be maintained at or above 40 degrees Fahrenheit (4 °C). If

450-454: A fire fighting force. Managers must ensure buildings comply with fire evacuation regulations , and that building features such as spray fireproofing remains undamaged. Fire policies may be in place to dictate training and awareness of occupants and users of the building to avoid obvious mistakes, such as the propping open of fire doors . Buildings, especially institutions such as schools, may conduct fire drills at regular intervals throughout

500-440: A fire safety plan for buildings which fit the fire code occupancy type can result in a fine, and they are required for all buildings, such as commercial, industrial, assembly, etc. As previously stated, a copy of the approved fire safety plan shall be available for the responding fire department. This, however, is not always the case. Up until now, all fire plans were stored in paper form in the fire department. The problem with this

550-715: A firefighter wears into a fire. A typical fire prevention division consists of a Chief Fire Prevention Officer and Fire Prevention Officers. Those in the Fire Prevention Division have their own insignia, such as epaulets with two thin bars that read "FIRE PREVENTION OFFICER" below them; crescents on their helmets; and collar pins. Depending on its budget, a division may have its own fire vehicle. Many fire departments observe "Fire Prevention Month" for all of October. Fire departments may visit schools, hang banners, give firehouse tours or hold open houses. Various fire organizations and fire professionals from all across

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600-457: A future date. Some home owners see their purchase as an investment and intend to sell or to rent the property after renovating or letting the house appreciate in value (known as flipping if done quickly). Due to the fact that homeowners have a financial stake in their homes, being a homeowner is an economically efficient course of action. In order to improve their physical and mental well-being as well as their level of life satisfaction, they have

650-554: A great fire hazard in severe cases because of the number of items that may pile up. Often the homes of hoarders will block exits that provide a means of escape for the occupants. Firefighters that are responding to an emergency in the home of hoarders may not be able to get to the occupants as quickly because they are obstructed from entering the building. Because of the increased fire load a hoarding environment creates, those who live in occupancies in close proximity may be affected because of amplified smoke and fire conditions. According to

700-644: A motivation to preserve or raise the value of their properties. Conversely, renters are incentivized to view local issues through a narrow lens, could be unmotivated to participate in civic life, and could see themselves as having little social utility. Compared to renters and absentee landlords, owner-occupiers are sometimes seen as more responsible toward property maintenance and community concerns, since they are more directly affected. Traditionally, home ownership has been encouraged by governments in Western countries (especially English-speaking countries ) because it

750-482: A source of fascination for young children, the potential for accidents, as a result, is high. Fire prevention often aims to teach children not to play with fire so that they do not accidentally cause one. One of the most critical jobs of a firefighter is search and rescue . For young children, it is important that firefighters are seen as people they can follow and trust. A firefighter in bunker gear breathing with an air tank could be an unfamiliar sight, especially to

800-518: A way to better protect them from fire emergencies. These are also target audience such as students that can benefit from the knowledge of how to prevent fires from starting in their homes. Children are a major target of fire prevention knowledge. Firefighters will often visit schools and teach students the basics of fire protection and fire safety , including how to evacuate from a burning building and how to prevent fires by avoiding dangerous activities such as playing with matches . Though fire can be

850-500: Is a model code adopted by the state or local jurisdiction and enforced by fire prevention officers within municipal fire departments . It is a set of rules prescribing minimum requirements to prevent fire and explosion hazards arising from storage, handling, or use of dangerous materials, or from other specific hazardous conditions. It complements the building code . The fire code is aimed primarily at preventing fires, ensuring that necessary training and equipment will be on hand, and that

900-507: Is also the owner's responsibility to ensure that all visitors and staff are informed of what to do in case of fire. During a fire emergency, a copy of the approved fire safety plan must be available for the responding fire department's use. In the United Kingdom, a fire safety plan is called a fire risk assessment. Fire safety plans are a useful tool for fire fighters to have because they allow them to know critical information about

950-537: Is considered the longest running public health celebration in the United States. This observance was started in honor of the Great Chicago Fire that occurred on October 8th, 1871. This is why Fire Prevention Week occurs every October and specifically on the week that October 9th falls. Homeowner Owner-occupancy or home-ownership is a form of housing tenure in which a person, called

1000-410: Is often taught as part of fire protection education efforts as it is both a simple technique and an effective way of extinguishing burning clothing. It is particularly suited to children who may panic if their clothing catches fire and they do not know how to put it out. These groups of people are those that are considered at higher risk for fires and should are the target of fire prevention education in

1050-426: Is one of the biggest threats to property with losses adding up to billions of dollars in damages every year. In 2019 alone, the total amount of property damage resulting from fire was $ 14.8 billion in the United States. Insurance companies in the United States are not only responsible for financially covering fire loss but are also responsible for managing risk associated with it. Most commercial insurance companies hire

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1100-469: Is that sorting and storing these plans is a challenge, and it is difficult for people to update their fire plans. As a result, only half of the required buildings have fire plans, and of those, only around 10 percent are up-to-date. This problem has been solved through the introduction of digital fire plans. These fire plans are stored in a database and can be accessed wirelessly on site by firefighters and are much simpler for building owners to update. Fire

1150-420: Is the disorder in which a person or group of people have a difficulty throwing away things they no longer need or parting away with any kind of possession because they believe that they will need to save them for something. Hoarding can range from mild cases that may not have a very heavy impact on a person’s life to severe cases where the daily function of the person is hindered by their actions Hoarding becomes

1200-538: Is visually stimulating but the safety message is only transmitted orally. Other props are more elaborate, access more senses and increase the learning factor. They mix audio messages and visual cues with hands-on interaction. Examples of these include mobile trailer safety houses and tabletop hazard house simulators. Some fire prevention software is also being developed to identify hazards in a home. All programs tend to mix messages of general injury prevention, safety, fire prevention, and escape in case of fire. In most cases

1250-625: The United States Fire Administration , the very young and the elderly are considered to be "at risk" populations. These groups represent approximately 33% of the population. Fire safety has been highlighted in relation to global supply chain management . Sedex, the Supplier Ethical Data Exchange, a collaborative platform for sharing ethical supply chain data, and Verité, Inc., a Massachusetts -based supply chain investigatory NGO , issued

1300-451: The owner-occupier , owner-occupant , or home owner , owns the home in which they live. The home can be a house , such as a single-family house , an apartment , condominium , or a housing cooperative . In addition to providing housing , owner-occupancy also functions as a real estate investment . Some homes are constructed by the owners with the intent to occupy. Many are inherited . A large number are purchased, as new homes from

1350-589: The welfare state . Conversely, when housing prices drop, homeowners are more likely to favor government intervention. In the US, areas with high rates of homeownership have higher levels of voter turnout . There is also a weak relationship between homeownership and supporting Republican candidates. Data from the UK supports the idea that homeowners view the value of their home as a kind of private, informal insurance policy against economic shocks. A sufficiently valuable home protects

1400-402: The combination of monthly mortgage , insurance, maintenance and repairs, and property tax payments are sometimes greater than monthly rental costs. Buildings may also gain and lose substantial value due to real estate market fluctuations, and selling a property can take a long time, depending on market conditions. This can make home ownership more constraining if the homeowner intends to move at

1450-488: The construction of a building and throughout its operating life. Building codes are enacted by local, sub-national, or national governments to ensure such features as adequate fire exits , signage, and construction details such as fire stops and fire rated doors, windows, and walls. Fire safety is also an objective of electrical codes to prevent overheating of wiring or equipment, and to protect from ignition by electrical faults. Fire codes regulate such requirements as

1500-434: The correct type in accessible places, and proper storage and handling of flammable materials. Depending on local regulations, a fire inspection may result in a notice of required action, or closing of a building until it can be put into compliance with fire code requirements. Owners and managers of a building may implement additional fire policies. For example, an industrial site may designate and train particular employees as

1550-499: The country attend, along with a number of students and teachers. Songs and entertainment regarding fire safety are also available making fire education fun. Guest speakers are also a large part of fire protection week. Fire Prevention Week started in 1922 by the Nation Fire Protection Association. Having been started in 1922 and continued every year from then on, the observance of Fire Prevention Week

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1600-616: The event a fire occurs. Fire safety is often a component of building safety . Those who inspect buildings for violations of the Fire Code and go into schools to educate children on fire safety topics are Fire Department members known as Fire Prevention Officers . The Chief Fire Prevention Officer or Chief of Fire Prevention will normally train newcomers to the Fire Prevention Division and may also conduct inspections or make presentations. Fire safety policies apply at

1650-554: The fire department representative is regarded as the expert and is expected to present information in a manner that is appropriate for each age group. The US industry standard that outlines the recommended qualifications for fire safety educators is NFPA 1035: Standard for Professional Qualifications for Public Fire and Life Safety Educator, which includes the requirements for Fire and Life Safety Educator Levels I, II, and III; Public Information Officer; and Juvenile Firesetter Intervention Specialist Levels I and II. According to

1700-444: The home owner fails to meet the agreed repayment schedule, a foreclosure (known as a repossession in some countries) may result. Many countries offer aid to prospective homebuyers to make their purchases. These measures include grants, subsidized mortgages, and mortgage guarantees. Prospective homebuyers may have to meet certain qualifications to qualify for government aid, such as being a first-time homebuyer or having an income below

1750-468: The maximum occupancy for buildings such as theatres or restaurants, for example. Fire codes may require portable fire extinguishers within a building, or may require permanently installed fire detection and suppression equipment such as a fire sprinkler system and a fire alarm system . Local authorities charged with fire safety may conduct regular inspections for such items as usable fire exit and proper exit signage, functional fire extinguishers of

1800-853: The most preventable of all. Most fires that involve smoking start inside the home, when a smoker does not properly dispose of their ashes or cigarette butts, they can fall into things such as couches and chairs which quickly ignite. Smokers who discard their cigarettes and ashes in the trash can start fires that lead to other collateral damage. Many fire departments have fire prevention divisions, which consist of groups of firefighters who conduct building inspections to make sure they are compliant with fire codes ; they also visit schools and daycare centers to make presentations about arson , malicious false alarms , and fire safety. Fire Prevention Officers may also conduct tours of their fire house for visitors. They demonstrate what each of their apparatuses does, and sometimes will don their bunker gear to show what

1850-686: The original design basis of the building, including the basic plan set out by the architect , is not compromised. The fire code also addresses inspection and maintenance requirements of various fire protection equipment in order to maintain optimal active fire protection and passive fire protection measures. A typical fire safety code includes administrative sections about the rule-making and enforcement process, and substantive sections dealing with fire suppression equipment, particular hazards such as containers and transportation for combustible materials, and specific rules for hazardous occupancies, industrial processes, and exhibitions. Sections may establish

1900-476: The outside temperature is below freezing and the interior temperature is less than 40 degrees Fahrenheit, the steel sprinkler piping, which rapidly conducts heat and rapidly loses it, will cause the pipes to freeze. The frozen area may be isolated and near an opening or uninsulated portion of the building which could be enough to put the whole system out of service. Much of fire prevention education also involves advice on how to reduce false alarms . False alarms have

1950-507: The owner of the building is responsible for the preparation of a fire safety plan. Buildings with elaborate emergency systems may require the assistance of a fire protection consultant. After the plan has been prepared, it must be submitted to the Chief Fire Official or authority having jurisdiction for approval. Once approved, the owner is responsible for implementing the fire safety plan and training all staff in their duties. It

2000-441: The owner without need for government intervention. Source: Housing Finance Information Network (HOFINET) Homeowners are usually required to pay property tax (or millage tax) periodically. The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located; it may be paid to a national government, a federated state, a county or geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax

2050-408: The potential to waste manpower and resources, which may be needed desperately during a real emergency. In addition, firefighters responding to calls in fire engines are at increased risk of traffic collisions when driving under emergency conditions . In 2008 the state of New York found that 18% of firefighter deaths in the line of duty had occurred whilst responding to calls. Stop, drop and roll

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2100-420: The requirements for obtaining permits and specific precautions required to remain in compliance with a permit. For example, a fireworks exhibition may require an application to be filed by a licensed pyrotechnician, providing the information necessary for the issuing authority to determine whether safety requirements can be met. Once a permit is issued, the same authority (or another delegated authority) may inspect

2150-462: The safety of fire fighters. According to FEMA, 16 percent of all fire fighter deaths in 2002 occurred due to a structural collapse or because the fire fighter got lost. Fire safety plans can outline any possible structural hazards, as well as give the fire fighter knowledge of where he is in the building. In North America alone, there are around 8 million buildings that legally require a fire safety plan, be it due to provincial or state law. Not having

2200-428: The same property. In most Canadian provinces home purchasers must pay a one-time tax called a Property Transfer Tax (Land Transfer Tax) which is based on the cost of the home. Fire safety Fire safety is the set of practices intended to reduce destruction caused by fire . Fire safety measures include those that are intended to prevent the ignition of an uncontrolled fire and those that are used to limit

2250-737: The site and monitor safety during the exhibition, with the power to halt operations, when unapproved practices are seen or when unforeseen hazards arise. Most U.S. fire departments have fire safety education programs . Fire prevention programs may include distribution of smoke detectors , visiting schools to review key topics with the students and implementing nationally recognized programs such as NFPA S "Risk Watch" and "Learn not to burn". Other programs or props can be purchased by fire departments or community organizations. These are usually entertaining and designed to capture children's attention and relay important messages. Props include those that are mostly auditory, such as puppets and robots. The prop

2300-422: The spread and impact of a fire. Fire safety measures include those that are planned during the construction of a building or implemented in structures that are already standing and those that are taught or provided to occupants of the building. Threats to fire safety are commonly referred to as fire hazards . A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood of a fire or may impede escape in

2350-464: The supply chains for ready-made garments and other products. The briefing recommended that buyers seek greater visibility of fire safety and other risks across the supply chain and identify opportunities to improve standards: "buyers can encourage change through more responsible and consistent practices". A fire safety plan is required by all North American national, state and provincial fire codes based on building use or occupancy types. Generally,

2400-549: The world health organization consensus there are around 1.3 billion smokers worldwide, 80 percent of those smokers are identified as those that live in low income area and middle income areas. While smoking is a commonly accepted thing that many people do in their daily lives out in public or in their own home it is important for those that smoke to know the fire risk they present. Approximately 500 smokers as well as nonsmokers are killed in fires that start because of improperly discarded cigarettes and ashes. Fires caused by smoking are

2450-425: The year. Beyond individual buildings, other elements of fire safety policies may include technologies such as wood coatings, education and prevention, preparedness measures, wildfire detection and suppression , and ensuring geographic coverage of local and sufficient fire extinguishing capacities. Some common fire hazards are: In the United States, the fire code (also fire prevention code or fire safety code)

2500-478: Was thought to help people acquire wealth, to encourage savings, and promote civic engagement . However, the housing market crash of 2008 in most of the English-speaking world has caused academic and policy-makers to question this logic. Owning a home influences how an individual views the role of government. Data from OECD countries shows that when housing prices rise, individuals are more critical of

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