Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen (30 March 1818 – 11 March 1888) was a German mayor and cooperative pioneer. Several credit union systems and cooperative banks have been named after Raiffeisen, who pioneered rural credit unions.
11-456: Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen was born on 30 March 1818 at Hamm/Sieg , Westerwald region. He was the seventh of nine children. His father Gottfried Friedrich Raiffeisen was a farmer and also served as the mayor of Hamm. His family’s origins trace back to the 16th century in the Swabian - Franconian region. The family of his mother, Amalie Christiane Susanna Maria, born Lantzendörffer, came from
22-679: Is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate , Germany . It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the North Rhine-Westphalian districts Rhein-Sieg , Oberbergischer Kreis , Olpe and Siegen-Wittgenstein , and the districts of Westerwaldkreis and Neuwied . The history of the district is linked with the Westerwald region. The district was established in 1816 by the Prussian administration. It combined
33-673: Is situated on the river Sieg , approx. 10 km north-east of Altenkirchen , and 40 km east of Bonn . Hamm is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Hamm (Sieg) . It is the home of the Raiffeisenmuseum honouring Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen who pioneered rural credit unions. This Altenkirchen district location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Altenkirchen (district) Altenkirchen ( German pronunciation: [ˈaltn̩ˌkɪʁçn̩] )
44-501: The Siegerland region. Leaving school at the age of 14 he received three years of education from a local pastor before entering the military at the age of 17. His career in the military led him to Cologne , Koblenz , and Sayn . After an eye disease forced him to resign from military service in 1843 he entered public service. He served as the mayor of several towns: from 1845 he was the mayor of Weyerbusch / Westerwald ; from 1848
55-485: The county of Wildenburg and the two counties of Sayn . The former had been part of Berg , the latter ones had belonged to the duchy of Nassau . The county used to be divided into nine mayoralties , including the Bürgermeisterei Weyerbusch . Altenkirchen is the northernmost district of Rhineland-Palatinate . It is occupied by the northern portions of the Westerwald mountains. The valley of
66-412: The first cooperative lending bank, in effect the first rural credit union in 1864. Motivated by the misery of the poor during the winter famine of 1846/47 he founded the “Verein für Selbstbeschaffung von Brod und Früchten” (Association for Self-procurement of Bread and Fruits). He bought flour with the help of private donations. The bread was baked in a community-built bakery and distributed on credit to
77-417: The mayor of Flammersfeld /Westerwald; and the mayor of Heddesdorf from 1852 until late 1865, when, at the age of 47, his worsening health cut his career short. He had contracted typhus in 1863 during an epidemic which took his wife's life. As his small pension was not sufficient to meet the needs of Raiffeisen’s family he initially started a small cigar factory and later a wine business. In 1867, he married
88-531: The poorest amongst the population. A bread society as well as an aid society were founded in 1849 in Flammersfeld, and a benevolent society was created in 1854 in Heddesdorf. The societies were pre-cooperative organizations based on the principle of benevolent assistance. To ensure liquidity equalization between the small credit banks, in 1872 Raiffeisen created the first rural central bank at Neuwied ,
99-464: The three 'S' formula: self-help , self-governance , and self-responsibility (in the original German : Selbsthilfe , Selbstverwaltung, and Selbstverantwortung ). When put into practice, the necessary independence from charity , politics , and loan sharks could be established. Several credit unions are named after Raiffeisen: Hamm (Sieg) Hamm is a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen , in Rhineland-Palatinate , Germany . It
110-475: The widow Maria Panseroth. She outlived him by 12 years and their marriage remained childless. He died on 11 March 1888 in Neuwied-Heddesdorf, shortly before his 70th birthday. Raiffeisen conceived of the idea of cooperative self-help during his tenure as the young mayor of Flammersfeld. He was inspired by observing the suffering of the farmers who were often in the grip of loan sharks . He founded
121-573: The “Rheinische Landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaftsbank” (Rhenish Agricultural Cooperative Bank). In 1881, Raiffeisen created a printing house in Neuwied that still exists today, carries his name and was merged in 1975 with the German cooperative publishing house “Deutscher Genossenschafts-Verlag”. Raiffeisen stated that there is a connection between poverty and dependency. To fight poverty one should fight dependency first. Based on this idea he came up with
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