Kobayashi Issa ( 小林 一茶 , June 15, 1763 – January 5, 1828) was a Japanese poet and lay Buddhist priest of the Jōdo Shinshū . He is known for his haiku poems and journals. He is better known as simply Issa ( 一茶 ) , a pen name meaning Cup-of-tea (lit. "one [cup of] tea"). He is regarded as one of the four haiku masters in Japan, along with Bashō , Buson and Shiki — "the Great Four."
20-5886: For other uses, see Kobayashi (disambiguation) . [REDACTED] Look up 小林 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Kobayashi ( Japanese : 小林 , lit. 'small woods') is the 8th most common Japanese surname . A less common variant is 古林 . Notable people with the surname include: Arts [ edit ] Film, television, theater and music [ edit ] Ai Kobayashi ( 小林 愛 , born 1973) , Japanese actress and voice actress Akiji Kobayashi ( 小林 昭二 , 1930–1996) , Japanese actor Akira Kobayashi ( 小林 旭 , born 1938) , Japanese actor Chiaki Kobayashi ( 小林 千晃 , born 1994) , Japanese voice actor Chikahiro Kobayashi ( 小林 親弘 , born 1983) , Japanese voice actor Haru Kobayashi ( 小林 ハル , 1900–2005) , Japanese musician Katsuya Kobayashi ( 小林 且弥 , born 1981) , Japanese actor Kei Kobayashi ( 小林 希唯 , born 1976) , Japanese voice actress Keiju Kobayashi ( 小林 桂樹 , 1923–2010) , Japanese actor Kendo Kobayashi ( ケンドーコバヤシ , born 1972) , Japanese comedian and actor Kentarō Kobayashi ( 小林 賢太郎 , born 1973) , Japanese comedian, actor, dramaturge, theatre director and manga artist Kiyoshi Kobayashi ( 小林 清志 , born 1933) , Japanese actor, voice actor and narrator Masaki Kobayashi ( 小林 正樹 , 1916–1996) , Japanese film director Michitaka Kobayashi ( 小林 通孝 , born 1955) , Japanese voice actor Naoki Kobayashi ( 小林 直己 , born 1984) , Japanese dancer and actor Nenji Kobayashi ( 小林 稔侍 , born 1941) , Japanese actor Ryoko Kobayashi ( 小林 涼子 , born 1989) , Japanese actress Satomi Kobayashi ( 小林 聡美 , born 1965) , Japanese actress Sayaka Kobayashi ( 小林 さやか , born 1970) , Japanese actress and voice actress Seidō Kobayashi ( 小林 正道 , born 1944) , Japanese musician Seiran Kobayashi ( 小林 星蘭 , born 2004) , Japanese actress Shigeo Kobayashi ( 小林 成男 , born 1970) , Japanese actor Yasuhiro Kobayashi ( 小林 靖宏 , born 1959) , Japanese musician Yui Kobayashi ( 小林 由依 , born 1999) , Japanese singer and model Yukiko Kobayashi ( 小林 夕岐子 , born 1946) , Japanese actress Yuko Kobayashi ( 小林 優子 , born 1961) , Japanese voice actress Yumiko Kobayashi ( 小林 由美子 , born 1979) , Japanese voice actress Yūsuke Kobayashi ( 小林 裕介 , born 1985) , Japanese voice actor Literature [ edit ] Audrey Kobayashi (born 1951), Canadian geographer and writer Hideo Kobayashi ( 小林 秀雄 , 1902–1983) , Japanese writer and literary critic Katsuyo Kobayashi ( 小林 カツ代 , 1937–2014) , Japanese chef and food writer Kobayashi Issa ( 小林 一茶 , 1763–1828) , Japanese poet Takiji Kobayashi ( 小林 多喜二 , 1903–1933) , Japanese writer and communist Tamai Kobayashi (born 1965), Canadian writer Yasuko Kobayashi ( 小林 靖子 , born 1965) , Japanese screenwriter Yasumi Kobayashi ( 小林 泰三 , born 1962) , Japanese writer Music [ edit ] Aika Kobayashi ( 小林 愛香 , born 1993) , Japanese singer and voice actress Aimi Kobayashi ( 小林 愛実 , born 1995) , Japanese classical pianist Chie Kobayashi ( 小林 千絵 , born 1963) , Japanese actress and singer Hana Kobayashi (born 1982), Venezuelan singer Kaori Kobayashi ( 小林 香織 , born 1981) , Japanese jazz saxophonist and flautist Key Kobayashi ( 小林 啓 , Kobayashi Kei ) , Japanese music producer, better known as Kobametal Megumi Kobayashi ( 小林 恵 , born 1977) , Japanese model, actress and singer Ron Kobayashi , American jazz pianist Sachiko Kobayashi ( 小林 幸子 , born 1953) , Japanese enka singer and voice actress Sanae Kobayashi ( 小林 沙苗 , born 1980) , Japanese voice actress and singer Saori Kobayashi ( 小林 早織 ) , Japanese video game composer and pianist Satoru Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Sumio Kobayashi ( 小林 純生 , born 1982) , Japanese classical composer Takeshi Kobayashi ( 小林 武史 , born 1959) , Japanese keyboardist, lyricist, composer, arranger and record producer Yo Kobayashi ( 小林 洋 , born 1981) , Japanese roboticist Yū Kobayashi ( 小林 ゆう , born 1982) , Japanese voice actress and singer Other artists [ edit ] Kobayashi Eitaku ( 小林 永濯 , 1843–1890) , Japanese artist Kobayashi Kiyochika ( 小林 清親 , 1847–1915) , Japanese ukiyo-e painter and printmaker Kokei Kobayashi ( 小林 古径 , 1883–1957) , Japanese painter Jin Kobayashi ( 小林 尽 , born 1977) , Japanese manga artist Kobayashi Keisei ( 小林 敬生 , born 1944) , Japanese artist Kunio Kobayashi (bonsai artist) (小林 國雄 born 1948), Japanese bonsai artist Meison Kobayashi ( 小林 鳴村 , 1889–?) , Japanese photographer Motofumi Kobayashi ( 小林 源文 , born 1951) , Japanese manga artist Naomi Kobayashi ( 小林 尚美 , born 1945) , Japanese artist Norio Kobayashi ( 小林 のりお , born 1952) , Japanese photographer Shinichiro Kobayashi ( 小林 伸一郎 ) , Japanese photographer Robert Kobayashi (1925–2015), American artist Tomoki Kobayashi ( 小林 智樹 ) , Japanese anime director Toshihiko Kobayashi ( 小林 俊彦 ) , Japanese manga artist Tsuneo Kobayashi ( 小林 常夫 , born 1965) , Japanese anime director Yoshinori Kobayashi ( 小林 善範 , born 1953) , Japanese manga artist Yūshi Kobayashi ( 小林 祐史 , 1898–1988) , Japanese photographer Military [ edit ] Kobayashi Torasaburō ( 小林 虎三郎 , 1828–1877) , Japanese samurai Masami Kobayashi ( 小林 仁 , 1890–1977) , Imperial Japanese Navy admiral Seizō Kobayashi ( 小林 躋造 , 1877–1962) , Imperial Japanese Navy admiral and Governor-General of Taiwan Politics and law [ edit ] Ann Kobayashi (born 1937), American politician and businesswoman Bert T. Kobayashi (1916–2005), Justice of
40-486: A character in the film Departures Hayato Kobayashi ( ハヤト・コバヤシ ) , a character in the anime series Mobile Suit Gundam Hitomonji Kobayashi ( 小林 一文字 ) , a character in the manga series Cheeky Angel Hatoko Kobayashi ( 小林 鳩子 ) and Kotaro Kobayashi ( 小林 虎太郎 ) , characters in the manga series Angelic Layer Koji Kobayashi, a character in the film Godzilla Raids Again Masafumi Kobayashi,
60-488: A character in the film Noroi: The Curse Matcha Kobayashi ( 小林 抹茶 ) , a character in the media franchise Project 575 Rin Kobayashi ( 小林 輪 ) , a character in the manga series Please Save My Earth Sanpeita Kobayashi ( 小林 三平太 ) , protagonist of the manga series Kemeko Deluxe! Sashi Kobayashi, a character in the Disney XD animated series Penn Zero: Part-Time Hero Sumiko Kobayashi ( 小林 澄子 ) ,
80-1829: A character in the manga series Case Closed Tamami Kobayashi (小林 玉美) a side character in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond is Unbreakable Washu Kobayashi ( 小林 鷲羽 ) , also known as Washu Hakubi , a character in Tenchi Muyō! media See also [ edit ] Akiko Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Atsushi Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Fumiaki Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Hideaki Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Hirokazu Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Hiromi Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Hiroshi Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Hiroyuki Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Kaoru Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Kōji Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Makoto Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Mao Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Masahiro Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Masato Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Miyuki Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Osamu Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Takashi Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Yuki Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Yūsuke Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people Yutaka Kobayashi (disambiguation) , multiple people References [ edit ] ^ "明治安田生命 全国同姓調査 [ Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company - National same family name investigation ]" (PDF) (Press release). Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company . 2008-09-24 . Retrieved 2019-03-09 . [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
100-510: A character in the manga series The Law of Ueki Kobayashi ( 小林 ) , the protagonist in the manga series Miss Kobayashi's Dragon Maid Kobayashi, a character in the film The Usual Suspects Akane Kobayashi ( 小林 あかね ) , a character in the manga series Doki Doki School Hours Amiko Kobayashi , a character in Marvel Comics Atari Kobayashi, a character in the film Isle of Dogs Daigo Kobayashi,
120-463: A childhood name of Kobayashi Yatarō (小林 弥太郎), the first son of a farmer family of Kashiwabara, now part of Shinano-machi , Shinano Province (present-day Nagano Prefecture ). Issa endured the loss of his mother, who died when he was three. Her death was the first of numerous difficulties young Issa suffered. He was cared for by his grandmother, who doted on him, but his life changed again when his father remarried five years later. Issa's half-brother
140-472: A huge body of work. A third child died in 1820. Then Kiku fell ill and died in 1823. "Ikinokori ikinokoritaru samusa kana" (生き残り生き残りたる寒さかな) [Outliving them,/Outliving them all,/Ah, the cold!] was written when Issa's wife died, when he was 61. He died on January 5, 1828, in his native village. According to the old Japanese calendar, he died on the 19th day of Eleventh Month, Tenth Year of the Bunsei era. Since
160-453: A novel Snail on the Slope by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky (published 1966–68), also providing the novel's title. Another, translated by D.T. Suzuki , was written during a period of Issa's life when he was penniless and deep in debt. It reads: Another, translated by Peter Beilenson with Harry Behn , reads: Issa's most popular and commonly known tome, titled The Spring of My Life ,
180-430: Is autobiographical, and its structure combines prose and haiku. After a big fire swept through the post station of Kashiwabara on July 24, 1827, Issa lost his house and was forced to live in his kura (storehouse). "The fleas have fled from the burning house and have taken refuge with me here", says Issa. Of this same fire, he wrote: Hotarubi mo amaseba iya haya kore wa haya (蛍火もあませばいやはやこれははや) If you leave so much/As
200-477: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Kobayashi (disambiguation) Kobayashi (小林, 古林) is a Japanese surname. Kobayashi may also refer to: Kobayashi Issa Reflecting the popularity and interest in Issa as man and poet, Japanese books on Issa outnumber those on Buson and almost equal in number those on Bashō. Issa was born and registered as Kobayashi Nobuyuki (小林 信之), with
220-497: The surname Kobayashi . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kobayashi&oldid=1259630488 " Categories : Surnames Japanese-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles containing Japanese-language text Articles with short description Short description
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#1732775403132240-7983: The Supreme Court of Hawaii Bertrand Kobayashi (fl. 2010s), American politician Leslie E. Kobayashi (born 1957), American judge Kazumi Kobayashi ( 小林 一三 , born 1936) , Japanese politician, 6th Mayor of Niitsu, Niigata Masao Kobayashi ( 小林 正夫 , born 1947) , Japanese politician Mieko Kobayashi ( 小林 美恵子 , born 1958) , Japanese politician Scientists and engineers [ edit ] Hisashi Kobayashi ( 小林 久志 , born 1938) , Japanese electrical engineer and computer scientist Kevin Wesley Kobayashi , American engineer Kiyoshi Kobayashi (professor) ( 小林 潔司 ) , Japanese academic Shoshichi Kobayashi ( 小林 昭七 , 1932–2012) , Japanese-American mathematician Riki Kobayashi (1924–2013), American chemical engineer Makoto Kobayashi (小林 誠 born 1944), Japanese physicist Takao Kobayashi ( 小林 隆男 , born 1961) , Japanese amateur astronomer Tatsuo Kobayashi ( 小林 龍生 , born 1951) , Japanese computer scientist Toru Kobayashi ( 小林 徹 ) , Japanese astronomer Toshiyuki Kobayashi ( 小林 俊行 , born 1962) , Japanese mathematician Sports [ edit ] Baseball [ edit ] Masahide Kobayashi ( 小林 雅英 , born 1974) , Japanese baseball player Ryokan Kobayashi ( 小林 亮寛 , born 1979) , Japanese baseball player Seiji Kobayashi ( 小林 誠司 , born 1989) , Japanese baseball player Shigeru Kobayashi ( 小林 繁 , 1952–2010) , Japanese baseball player Football (soccer) [ edit ] Daigo Kobayashi ( 小林 大悟 , born 1983) , Japanese footballer Fumiya Kobayashi ( 小林 史八 , born 1987) , Japanese footballer George Kobayashi ( 小林 ジョージ , born 1947) , Japanese footballer Hidemasa Kobayashi ( 小林 秀征 , born 1994) , Japanese footballer Hiroki Kobayashi ( 小林 弘記 , born 1977) , Japanese footballer Hiroki Kobayashi (footballer, born 1992) , Japanese footballer Jun Kobayashi ( 小林 洵 , born 1999) , Japanese footballer Kan Kobayashi ( 小林 幹 , born 1999) , Japanese footballer Masamitsu Kobayashi ( 小林 成光 , born 1978) , Japanese footballer Minoru Kobayashi ( 小林 稔 , born 1976) , Japanese footballer Paulinho Kobayashi (born 1970), Brazilian footballer Rikako Kobayashi ( 小林 里歌子 , born 1997) , Japanese women's footballer Riku Kobayashi ( 小林 里駆 , born 2001) , Japanese footballer Ryo Kobayashi ( 小林 亮 , born 1982) , Japanese footballer Ryota Kobayashi ( 小林 亮太 , born 1988) , Japanese footballer Seigo Kobayashi ( 小林 成豪 , born 1994) , Japanese footballer Shinji Kobayashi ( 小林 伸二 , born 1960) , Japanese footballer and manager Shota Kobayashi ( 古林 将太 , born 1991) , Japanese footballer Tadao Kobayashi ( 小林 忠生 , born 1930) , Japanese footballer and manager Takamichi Kobayashi ( 小林 高道 , born 1979) , Japanese footballer Tatsuki Kobayashi ( 小林 竜樹 , born 1985) , Japanese footballer Teruaki Kobayashi ( 小林 久晃 , born 1979) , Japanese footballer Yasutaka Kobayashi ( 小林 康剛 , born 1980) , Japanese footballer Yayoi Kobayashi ( 小林 弥生 , born 1981) , Japanese women's footballer Yoshiyuki Kobayashi ( 小林 慶行 , born 1978) , Japanese footballer Yōsuke Kobayashi ( 小林 陽介 , born 1983) , Japanese footballer Yu Kobayashi (footballer) ( 小林 悠 , born 1987) , Japanese footballer Yugo Kobayashi (footballer) (born 1991), Japanese footballer Yuki Kobayashi (football, born 2000) , Japanese footballer Yuzo Kobayashi ( 小林 祐三 , born 1985) , Japanese footballer Zach Kobayashi (born 1997), American soccer player Mind sports [ edit ] Izumi Kobayashi ( 小林 泉美 , born 1977) , Japanese Go player Kenji Kobayashi ( 小林 健二 , born 1957) , Japanese shogi player Koichi Kobayashi ( 小林 光一 , born 1952) , Japanese Go player Reiko Kobayashi (Go player) ( 小林 禮子 , 1939–1996) , Japanese Go player Winter sports [ edit ] Junshirō Kobayashi ( 小林 潤志郎 , born 1991) , Japanese ski jumper Miki Kobayashi ( 小林 美貴 , born 1987) , Japanese biathlete Norihito Kobayashi ( 小林 範仁 , born 1982) , Japanese Nordic combined skier Reiko Kobayashi ( 小林 れい子 , born 1961) , Japanese figure skater and coach Ryōyū Kobayashi ( 小林 陵侑 , born 1996) , Japanese ski jumper Ryuichi Kobayashi ( 小林 竜一 , born 1976) , Japanese bobsledder Wrestling [ edit ] Abdullah Kobayashi ( アブドーラ小林 , born 1976) , or Yosuke Kobayashi, Japanese professional wrestler Eita Kobayashi ( 小林 瑛太 , born 1991) , Japanese professional wrestler Kaho Kobayashi ( 小林 香萌 , born 1992) , Japanese professional wrestler Kenta Kobayashi ( 小林 健太 , born 1981) , also known as Hideo Itami, Japanese professional wrestler Kuniaki Kobayashi ( 小林 邦昭 , born 1956) , Japanese professional wrestler Takeshi Kobayashi (wrestler) ( 小林 武 , born 1948) , Japanese sport wrestler Other athletes [ edit ] Chisa Kobayashi ( 小林 千紗 , born 1987) , Japanese synchronized swimmer Celes Kobayashi (born 1974), Japanese boxer Daisuke Kobayashi ( 小林 大祐 , born 1987) , Japanese basketball player Dawn Kobayashi (born 1971), Jamaican sport shooter Etsuko Kobayashi (born 1992), Japanese cricketer Fujio Kobayashi ( 小林 富士夫 , born 1944) , Japanese golfer Fumikazu Kobayashi ( 小林 史和 , born 1978) , Japanese middle-distance runner Hideo Kobayashi (canoeist) ( 小林 英男 , born 1943) , Japanese sprint canoeist Hiroko Kobayashi ( 小林 弘子 , born 1970) , Japanese slalom canoeist Kai Kobayashi ( 小林 快 , born 1993) , Japanese racewalker Kamui Kobayashi ( 小林 可夢偉 , born 1986) , racing driver Kazuo Kobayashi ( 小林 一男 , 1908–?) , Japanese diver Kenya Kobayashi ( 小林 研也 , born 1983) , Japanese gymnast Kunio Kobayashi (karateka) (小林 國雄 born 1967), Japanese karateka Maki Kobayashi ( 小林 眞樹 , born 1965) , Japanese rower Marino Kobayashi ( 小林 海 , born 1994) , Japanese cyclist Masanori Kobayashi ( 小林 正則 , born 1976) , Japanese golfer Misaki Kobayashi ( 小林 海咲 , born 1990) , Japanese squash player Miwako Kobayashi ( 小林 美和子 , born 1952) , Japanese swimmer Nobuaki Kobayashi ( 小林 伸明 , 1942–2019) , Japanese three-cushion billiards player Royal Kobayashi (born 1949), Japanese boxer Ryosei Kobayashi (born 1994), Japanese squash player Susumu Kobayashi ( 小林 晋 , born 1973) , Japanese sport shooter Takako Kobayashi ( 小林 貴子 , born 1968) , Japanese judoka Takeru Kobayashi ( 小林 尊 , born 1978) , Japanese competitive eater Yasuo Kobayashi ( 小林 保雄 , born 1936) , Japanese aikidoka Yoshimi Kobayashi ( 小林 良美 , born 1968) , Japanese softball player Yugo Kobayashi ( 小林 優吾 , born 1995) , Japanese badminton player Yuka Kobayashi ( 小林 優香 , born 1994) , Japanese cyclist Yuriko Kobayashi ( 小林 祐梨子 , born 1988) , Japanese middle- and long-distance runner Yuta Kobayashi ( 小林 祐太 , born 1987) , Japanese basketball player Others [ edit ] Emi Kobayashi ( 小林 恵美 , born 1983) , Japanese gravure idol Hannah Kobayashi (born 1994), American missing person Hitomi Kobayashi ( 小林 ひとみ , born 1965) , Japanese AV idol Ichizō Kobayashi ( 小林 一三 , 1873–1957) , Japanese industrialist Kana Kobayashi ( 小林 香菜 , born 1991) , Japanese idol Keiichiro Kobayashi ( 小林 慶一郎 , born 1966) , Japanese economist Ken Kobayashi ( 小林 健 , born 1949) , Japanese businessman Ken-Ichiro Kobayashi ( 小林 研一郎 , born 1940) , Japanese conductor and composer Sanzaburo Kobayashi (小林 参三郎, 1863–1926), Japanese surgeon Maya Kobayashi ( 小林 麻耶 , born 1979) , Japanese journalist Yotaro Kobayashi ( 小林 陽太郎 , 1933–2015) , Japanese businessman Yumi Kobayashi ( 小林 優美 , born 1988) , Japanese fashion model Fictional characters [ edit ] Kobayashi ( 小林 ) ,
260-472: The Tenth Year of Bunsei roughly corresponds with 1827, many sources list this as his year of death. Issa wrote over 20,000 haiku, which have won him readers up to the present day. Though his works were popular, he suffered great monetary instability. His poetry makes liberal use of local dialects and conversational phrases, and 'including many verses on plants and the lower creatures. Issa wrote 54 haiku on
280-594: The Zen of the sketch". His approach has been described as "similar to that of Sengai ....Issa's sketches are valued for the extremity of their abbreviation, in keeping with the idea of haiku as a simplification of certain types of experience." One of Issa's haiku, as translated by R.H. Blyth , appears in J. D. Salinger 's 1961 novel, Franny and Zooey : ( Katatsumuri sorosoro nobore Fuji no yama 蝸牛そろそろ登れ富士の山) The same poem, in Russian translation, served as an epigraph for
300-461: The haikai poets of the nineteenth century'. Issa's works include haibun (passages of prose with integrated haiku) such as Oraga Haru (おらが春 "My Spring") and Shichiban Nikki (七番日記 "Number Seven Journal"), and he collaborated on more than 250 renku (collaborative linked verse). Issa was also known for his drawings, generally accompanying haiku: "the Buddhism of the haiku contrasts with
320-480: The mountain cuckoo is a crybaby. New Year's Day— everything is in blossom! I feel about average. Issa, 'with his intense personality and vital language [and] shockingly impassioned verse...is usually considered a most conspicuous heretic to the orthodox Basho tradition'. Nevertheless, 'in that poetry and life were one in him...[&] poetry was a diary of his heart', it is at least arguable that 'Issa could more truly be said to be Basho's heir than most of
340-502: The next ten years of his life is known for certain. His name was associated with Kobayashi Chikua (小林 竹阿) of the Nirokuan (二六庵) haiku school, but their relationship is not clear. During the following years, he wandered through Japan and fought over his inheritance with his stepmother (his father died in 1801). He wrote a diary, now called Last Days of Issa's Father . After years of legal wrangles, Issa managed to secure rights to half of
360-433: The property his father left. He returned to his native village at the age of 49 and soon took a wife, Kiku (菊). After a brief period of bliss, tragedy returned. The couple's first-born child died shortly after his birth. A daughter, Satoyo (里世), died less than two-and-a-half years later, inspiring Issa to write this haiku (translated by Lewis Mackenzie): Issa married twice more late in his life, and through it all he produced
380-486: The snail, 15 on the toad, nearly 200 on frogs, about 230 on the firefly, more than 150 on the mosquito, 90 on flies, over 100 on fleas and nearly 90 on the cicada, making a total of about one thousand verses on such creatures'. By contrast, Bashō's verses are comparatively few in number, about 2,000 in all. Issa's haiku were sometimes tender, but stand out most for their irreverence and wry humor, as illustrated in these verses translated by Robert Hass : No doubt about it,
400-419: Was born two years later. When his grandmother died when he was 14, Issa felt estranged in his own house, a lonely, moody child who preferred to wander the fields. His attitude did not please his stepmother, who, according to Lewis Mackenzie, was a "tough-fibred 'managing' woman of hard-working peasant stock." He was sent to Edo (present-day Tokyo ) by his father one year later to make out a living. Nothing of
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