Komenda ( pronounced [kɔˈmɛːnda] ; German : Commenda ) is a village in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia . It is the seat of the Municipality of Komenda . It includes the formerly independent settlement of Kaplja Vas ( Slovene : Kapla vas , German : Kaplawas ).
8-525: Komenda was first mentioned in written sources in 1147–54 as de sancto Petro (and as hospitale Sancti Petri in 1296, in der pharren von Sand Peter in 1322, and comendator ad S. Petrum in 1446). The name of the village is identical to the Slovene common noun komenda ' commandry ', referring to a property and residence owned by the Knights Hospitaller from 1223 to 1872. The noun komenda
16-625: Is borrowed (probably via German Kommende ) from Medieval Latin commenda 'entrusted property'. In the past the German name was Commenda . Komenda is the site of a mass grave from the period immediately after the Second World War. The Svešek Alder Mass Grave ( Slovene : Grobišče Sveščeva jelša ) is located at the edge of the Svešek Alder Woods ( Sveščeva Jelša ) along a forest road northwest of Žeje pri Komendi . It contains
24-520: The Middle Ages , a commandery (rarely commandry ) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order . It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived. The word is also applied to the emoluments granted to a commander. They were the equivalent for those orders to a monastic grange . The knight in charge of a commandery
32-464: The Order of Knights of St. John of Jerusalem , and later the Order of Teutonic Knights and other knightly orders were organized along similar lines. The property of the order was divided into "priorates" (or priories ), subdivided into "bailiwicks," which in turn were divided into "commanderies" or " commendæ "; these were placed in charge of a " commendator " or commander . The word is also applied to
40-665: The emoluments granted to a commander of a military order of knights. A commandry of the Teutonic Knights, each headed by a Komtur , was known as a Komturei or Kommende . The equivalents among the Knights Templar were " preceptor " and "preceptory". In 1540, the possessions in England of the Knights Hospitaller - the commanderies to which the English term first referred - were seized as crown property. In
48-610: The new building. The current one was built in the Baroque style and completed in 1729. It was based on plans by the architect Gregor Maček Jr . The interior and the surroundings were redesigned in the first half of the 20th century based on plans by the architect Jože Plečnik . In addition to Saint Peter's Church, several other structures in Komenda have protected cultural monument status: Notable people who were born or lived in Komenda include: Commandry (feudalism) In
56-466: The remains of 10 to 15 prisoners from Kamnik murdered in May and June 1945. Their nationalities and whether they were soldiers or civilians is unknown. Above the settlement is a complex with a castle, the parish church dedicated to Saint Peter , a parsonage, stables, and a cemetery. A church in Komenda was first referred to in documents dating to 1147. In 1726 the old church was pulled down to make way for
64-452: Was a commander . The word derives from French commanderie or commenderie , from mediaeval Latin commendaria or commenda , meaning "a trust or charge", originally one held in commendam . Originally, commandries were benefices, particularly in the Church, held in commendam . Mediaeval military orders adopted monastic organizational structures and commandries were divisions of
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