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28-600: Tourists are attracted by the history of its ancient civilization and the World War II Bridge over the River Kwai , originally spelt "Khwae" but officially changed to Kwai to accommodate the expectations of tourists. The province is in the west of Thailand, 129 km from Bangkok, and covers a total area of approximately 19,483 km (7,522 sq mi). It is the country's third largest province, after Nakhon Ratchasima and Chiang Mai. Topographically, it

56-708: A good introduction of the Burma Railway and its history. There are also two war cemeteries, the most moving of which is the Kanchanaburi War Cemetery . The War Museum is located near the Thailand–Burma Railway station of Kanchanaburi. Although it is called the War Museum, the museum also houses a historical art gallery with murals and statues of historical figures and events from that region. Moreover, aside from WWII artifacts, there

84-629: A population of at least 5,000 with a minimum density of 1,500 per km , plus the approval of the population within that area. Many of today's thesaban municipalities were originally sukhaphiban tambon , sanitation districts, the number of which had grown to 35 in 1935, when these were converted into municipalities. New sanitary districts were again established starting in 1952. With the Act to Upgrade Sanitary Districts to Thesaban of May 1999 all were converted in May 1999, though many of them did not actually meet

112-1386: A river in Thailand is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Thesaban mueang Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) Dipangkorn Rasmijoti Paetongtarn Shinawatra ( PTP ) Phumtham Wechayachai ( PTP ) Suriya Juangroongruangkit ( PTP ) Anutin Charnvirakul ( BTP ) Pirapan Salirathavibhaga ( UTN ) Pichai Chunhavajira ( PTP ) Prasert Jantararuangtong ( PTP ) Wan Muhamad Noor Matha ( PCC ) Mongkol Surasajja [REDACTED] Wan Muhamad Noor Matha ( PCC ) Pichet Chuamuangphan ( PTP ) Paradorn Prissanananthakul ( BTP ) Natthaphong Ruengpanyawut ( PP ) [REDACTED] Mongkol Surasajja Kriangkrai Srirak Bunsong Noisophon President: Chanakarn Theeravechpolkul President: Prasitsak Meelarp President: Nakarin Mektrairat Diplomatic missions of / in Thailand Passport Visa requirements Visa policy Borders : Cambodia Laos Malaysia Myanmar (Maritime : India Indonesia Vietnam) Foreign aid Thesaban ( Thai : เทศบาล , RTGS :  thetsaban , pronounced [tʰêːt.sā.bāːn] ) are

140-573: Is Kanchanaburi railway station , served by the Southern Line Nam Tok Branch Line (Burma Railway). Phaholpolpayuhasena Hospital is the main hospital of the province, operated by the MInistry of Public Health. In 1918, alluvial sapphire deposits were discovered near Bo Ploi. It was a major source of sapphires in the 1980s and 1990s. Kanchanaburi province is the site of Klity Creek , a waterway heavily polluted by

168-516: Is also a sanctuary for stray cats, a wildlife atrium, a Miss Thailand costume museum, an arhive library from the founder of the museum, the Chansiri family. The museum was inaugurated on May 11, 1987. Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all

196-465: Is covered with timber and evergreen forests. The total forest area is 12,002 km (4,634 sq mi) or 61.9 percent of provincial area. The district covers the source valleys of the rivers Kwae Yai and Kwae Noi ("River Kwai"), which merge at Kanchanaburi city to form the Mae Klong River. Bong Ti is a transnational border crossing point, which is expected to gain in importance if

224-625: The Burma Railway crosses the river at Tha Makham Subdistrict of the Mueang District. However, this is not the same bridge as depicted in The Bridge over the River Kwai by Pierre Boulle and in its film adaptation . A bridge was built of wood approximately 100 metres (330 ft) upriver from the current bridge, during the construction of the iron and concrete bridge (which runs in a NNE-SSW direction) and also rebuilt in 1945 when

252-519: The Burma Railway . During the Japanese occupation of Thailand in 1942, both allied POWs and Asian labourers were ordered by the Japanese to build a Thailand-Burma railway. Eventually, more than 100,000 people (16,000 allied POWs and 90,000 local Asian labourers) died from horrific working conditions. The seal of the province shows the three stupas on Bantadthong Mountain . They give the name to

280-660: The Si Sawat ( แม่น้ำศรีสวัสดิ์ [mɛ̂ː náːm sǐː sa.wàt] ), is a river in western Thailand . It has its source in the Tenasserim Hills and flows for about 380 kilometres (240 mi) through Sangkhla Buri , Si Sawat , and Mueang Districts of Kanchanaburi Province , where it merges with the Khwae Noi to form the Mae Klong River at Pak Phraek. This river used to be the upper section (before

308-661: The Sukhaphiban ( สุขาภิบาล ) sanitary districts first created in Bangkok by a royal decree of King Chulalongkorn in 1897. The thesaban system was established in the Thesaban Organization Act of 1934 ( Thai : พระราชบัญญัติจัดระเบียบเทศบาล พุทธศักราช ๒๔๗๖ ), and has been updated several times since, starting with the Thesaban Act of 1939 ( Thai : พระราชบัญญัติเทศบาล พุทธศักราช ๒๔๘๑ ), which

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336-530: The mountain pass to Myanmar, called " Three Pagodas Pass ". The provincial flower is the night-flowering jasmine ( Nyctanthes arbortristis ). The provincial tree is the Moulmein lancewood ( Homalium tomentosum ). The provincial aquatic animal is the Jullien's golden carp ( Probarbus jullieni ). The provincial motto is "The ancient province. The (Three) Pagodas Pass Checkpoint, Gems of Kan, Bridge on

364-463: The 4th century, with evidence of trade with surrounding regions at that time. Very little is known about the historical Khmer influence in Kanchanaburi, but Prasat Muang Sing , one of the country's most well-known Khmer sites, provides evidence of their occupation. Not much was historically recorded about Kanchanaburi province before the reign of King Rama I , but some historians believe that

392-692: The River Kwai. Source of minerals and waterfalls." Kanchanaburi is divided into 13 districts ( amphoe ). The districts are further divided into 98 subdistricts ( tambon ) and 887 villages ( muban ). As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Kanchanaburi Provincial Administration Organisation ( ongkan borihan suan changwat ) and 49 municipal ( thesaban ) areas in the province. Kanchanaburi and Tha Ruea Phra Thaen have town ( thesaban mueang ) status. Further 47 subdistrict municipalities ( thesaban tambon ). The non-municipal areas are administered by 72 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations – SAO ( ongkan borihan suan tambon ). Kanchanaburi's main railway station

420-745: The confluence with the Khwae Noi River ) of the Mae Klong River , however, in the 1960s, this river was named the Khwae Yai River, meaning 'Big River.' In 1980, the Srinagarind Dam (Thai: เขื่อนศรีนครินทร์; rtgs: Khuean Sinakharin) on the Khwae Yai was completed in Si Sawat District of Kanchanaburi Province . It is an embankment dam for river regulation and hydroelectric power generation. The famous bridge of

448-423: The eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017. 14°0′15″N 99°32′57″E  /  14.00417°N 99.54917°E  / 14.00417; 99.54917 Khwae Yai River The Khwae Yai River ( Thai : แม่น้ำแควใหญ่ , RTGS :  Maenam Khwae Yai , IPA: [mɛ̂ːnáːm kʰwɛː jàj] ), also known as

476-571: The film. Up until the 1960s, the river was considered part of the Mae Klong itself, but this part of the Mae Klong was then renamed Khwae Yai to bring geographical fact more in line with the fictional association with the name River Kwai. The main cemetery of prisoners who died during the railway's construction is nearby and is called the Kanchanaburi War Cemetery . 14°01′06″N 99°31′40″E  /  14.0182°N 99.5277°E  / 14.0182; 99.5277 This article related to

504-592: The iron bridge was bombed. No remnants of the wooden bridge remain. That wooden bridge was also not the bridge depicted in the film as the river was not called the Kwai Yai at that time. A wooden trestle bridge was built over the Kwai Noi many miles upstream in the jungle and it would more closely resemble the bridge in the film. However, the film is really a fictional depiction of the events with many inaccuracies and neither bridge can really be said to be that depicted in

532-403: The lowest level municipal unit, is usually translated as "sub-district municipality". Despite the name, it may not necessarily cover the same area as a sub-district ( tambon ); i.e., it may not cover a tambon completely, or conversely, it may extend over parts of more than one tambon . For an area to qualify as a thesaban tambon , it must have a gross income of at least 5 million baht and

560-436: The municipalities of Thailand . There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the thesaban system. The municipalities assume some of the responsibilities which are assigned to the districts ( amphoe ) or subdistricts ( tambon ) for non-municipal (rural) areas. Historically, this devolution of central government powers grew out of

588-513: The planned Dawei deepwater port project goes ahead, along with a highway and a railway line between Bangkok and the port. There area seven national parks in the mountainous areas of the Tenasserim Hills , along with two other national parks, make up region 3 (Ban Pong) of Thailand's protected areas. There are two wildlife sanctuaries, along with one other wildlife sanctuary, make up region 3 (Ban Pong) of Thailand's protected areas. Archaeological remains found in Kanchanaburi date back to

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616-548: The practices of the Lead Concentrate Company. The company was ordered by a Thai court to clean up its environmental damage in 2013. To date (2019) the court ordered clean-up has been halting and ineffectual. Most of the sights in Kanchanaburi itself are directly related to World War II. The museums are dusty and generally not worth it, except for the Thailand–Burma Railway Centre , which gives

644-736: The province was of strategic importance during the Ayutthaya period, since it was on the invasion route from Burma. In 1982, many human and elephant skeletons and swords were found in Phanom Thuan district , leading to speculation that this site might even have been the site of the famous battle of King Naresuan against the Burmese crown prince, most commonly assigned to the Don Chedi district in nearby Suphanburi province . Most foreigners are mainly aware of Kanchanaburi's recent history with

672-432: The south. Thesaban mueang ( Thai : เทศบาลเมือง , RTGS :  thetsaban mueang , pronounced [tʰêːt.sā.bāːn mɯ̄a̯ŋ] ) is translated as "town municipality". For a municipality to qualify as a town, it either needs to be a provincial capital, or have a population of at least 10,000 and sufficient income to cover the tasks of a town. When first organized in 1934, minimum qualification for town status

700-487: The tasks of a city. When first organized in 1934, the minimum qualifications for city status were a population of 30,000 with a density of 1,000 per km . In 1939 the required population density was increased to 2,000 per km , along with the addition of a financial requirement. In 1953 the population density requirement was again raised, to 3,000 per km , before being removed entirely in 2000. For 22 years, from 1972 to 1994, as well as between March and November 1936, there

728-497: Was a population of 3,000 with a density of 1,000 per km . In 1939 requirements were increased to a population of 5,000 with a density of 2,000 per km , plus a financial criterion. In 1953, the minimum population requirements was raised to the present value; the population density was also raised, to 3,000 per km , before being removed entirely in 2000. Thesaban tambon ( Thai : เทศบาลตำบล , RTGS :  thetsaban tambon , pronounced [tʰêːt.sā.bāːn tām.bōn] ),

756-403: Was only one city municipality in Thailand, which is Chiang Mai , as in 1972 Bangkok had been changed from city municipality, to special governed district. Until 1972 there were three city municipalities: Chiang Mai , Phra Nakhon (now Bangkok), and Thonburi (now part of Bangkok). In 1994, Nakhon Si Thammarat town municipality became the second city municipality of Thailand, and the first in

784-422: Was replaced by the Thesaban Act of 1953. The 1953 act was most recently amended by the Thesaban Act (No. 12) of 2003. Thesaban nakhon ( Thai : เทศบาลนคร , RTGS :  thetsaban nakhon , pronounced [tʰêːt.sā.bāːn ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn] ) is translated as "city municipality". To qualify for city status a municipality needs to have a population of at least 50,000 and sufficient income to carry out

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