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19-556: Kanoya is located approximately at the heart of Ōsumi Peninsula with its city limits running approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east and west and 41 kilometres (25 mi) north and south. The Takakuma Mountains stretch out into the northwestern part of the city and the Kimotsuki Mountains in the southeast. Between both mountain ranges lie the Kasanohara and Kanoyahara plateaus. The Kimotsuki Plains spread through

38-623: A large pod of dolphins is a tourist attraction within the bay. 31°28′11″N 130°38′08″E  /  31.46972°N 130.63556°E  / 31.46972; 130.63556 Nichinan Line The Nichinan Line ( 日南線 , Nichinan-sen ) is a railway line in south-eastern Kyushu , Japan, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). It connects Minami-Miyazaki Station in Miyazaki, Miyazaki to Shibushi Station in Shibushi, Kagoshima . The Miyazaki Prefectural Government opened

57-521: Is found at the far northern limit of its northern hemisphere distribution. In the Sakurajima Channel, eel grass grows atypically to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) high. Octocorallia coral is found in the deeper southern portions of the bay. A very rare Lamellibrachia tube worm Lamellibrachia satsuma is found in the bay at a very shallow depth for the genus of only 82 m (269 ft). There are many fish and shellfish species and

76-402: Is on the south coast of the island of Kyūshū . The port city of Kagoshima and its well-protected harbor lie on the bay's western coast, just opposite the former island (now peninsula) of Sakurajima . The bay itself is partially volcanic in origin, with two massive submarine calderas shaping part of the bay's shoreline: The younger Aira Caldera in the northernmost part of the bay, and

95-612: Is −8.0 °C (17.6 °F), reached on 25 January 2016. Within Kagoshima Prefecture, Kanoya is the third most populous city next to Kagoshima (the prefectural capital) and Kirishima . The area of Kanoya was part of ancient Ōsumi Province , and was part of the Shimazu-shō , a vast shōen landed manor in Ōsumi , Satsuma that was opened at the end of the Heian period , and which evolved into Satsuma Domain in

114-603: The Diet of Japan . Kanoya is home to the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Kanoya Air Field . Kanoya has a primary economy centering on agriculture, fishing, livestock raising and food processing. Kanoya's specialties include Berkshire pig , peanuts, broilers , and sweet potatoes. Kanoya has 23 public elementary schools and 12 public junior high schools operated by the city government and five public high schools operated by

133-734: The Edo period . After the Meiji restoration , the village of Kanoya was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Kanoya was raised to town status on December 31, 1912. On May 27, 1941 Kanoya merged with the villages of Hanaoka and Oaira to form the city of Kanoya. In 2006, the original city of Kanoya was expanded following the merger of the two towns of Aira and Kushira in Kimotsuki District , and Kihoku in Soo District . The original Kanoya City

152-677: The Hayato were made to emigrate to the Kinai region after the end of the 7th century. Francis Xavier 's party of Jesuits , having been first refused the right to land in Japan first went ashore in Kagoshima on 15 August 1549. From 1602 to 1871 it was part of the Satsuma Domain . The Bombardment of Kagoshima by British warships in the bay took place in 1863. The 1914 eruption of

171-702: The Kagoshima Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private high school. The city also hosts the National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya . Kanoya is the most populous city in Japan outside of Okinawa Prefecture without passenger rail services, after the closure of the Ōsumi Line  [ ja ] in 1987. The nearest station is Shibushi Station on the JR Kyushu Nichinan Line , but

190-461: The Sakurajima volcano severely damaged Kagoshima. On June 17, 1945, Kagoshima was attacked by B-29 bombers with 2316 persons killed. The recurrent and continuing volcanic activity contributes to the diversity of wildlife on its shores and within its waters. On its shores are rare flora and fauna, including Japanese bay tree and Japanese black pine such as at Arimura beach. The mangrove

209-472: The alluvial plains of the Kimotsuki River that runs through central Kanoya. In the western part of the city is Kinkō Bay (part of Kagoshima Bay ) which runs down the coast line. Kagoshima Prefecture Kanoya has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification Cfa ) with hot summers and mild winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, and is heavier in summer, especially

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228-608: The area was likely repopulated by the Jōmon and then it is likely they were replaced by the Kumaso whose culture was completely suppressed by the 7th century. Tribes of the Hayato people were long established by the 7th century on either peninsula and had submitted and supported imperial rule as servants to the emperor, although the 720 to 721 CE Hayato Rebellion of the Ōsumi Hayato is an exception. Yamato immigrants only became dominant when

247-775: The bay and the Kirishima Mountains north of the bay forming active vents associated with the Aira volcano magma sources, and the smaller 4000-year-old Ikeda Caldera with Mount Kaimon at the southern end of the Satsuma Peninsula forming dormant vents of the Ata volcano. In the inner north of the bay the area of the Wakamiko Caldera within the Aira Caldera erupts volcanic gas which when it reaches

266-493: The first section of the line from Obi - Aburatsu in 1913, the same year that the Miyazaki Light Railway was opened from the port of Miyazaki to Uchiumi. The lines were linked in 1932, and nationalised in 1935. The extension to Kitago opened in 1941, and to Shibushi (as a passenger only section) in 1963. Steam locomotives were withdrawn from the line in 1973. Freight services to Kitago ceased in 1982, and in 1990

285-550: The months of June and July. The average annual temperature in Kanoya is 17.3 °C (63.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 2,685.6 mm (105.73 in) with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.5 °C (81.5 °F), and lowest in January, at around 7.5 °C (45.5 °F). Its record high is 37.6 °C (99.7 °F), reached on 18 August 2020, and its record low

304-537: The nearest practical station is Kagoshima-Chūō Station on the Kyushu Shinkansen . In both cases, it takes more than an hour to reach the station by private car, or two hours by bus. Kagoshima Bay Kagoshima Bay ( 鹿児島湾 , Kagoshima-wan ) also known as Kinkō Bay , Kinko Bay ( 錦江湾 , Kinko-wan ) is a deep inlet of the East China Sea on the coast of Japan . Kagoshima Bay

323-545: The older Ata Caldera at the mouth of the bay where it meets the East China Sea. Both calderas formed during the Pleistocene from highly explosive Ultra-Plinian volcanic eruptions, Aira approximately 22,000 years ago and Ata approximately 105,000 years ago. Though such enormous eruptions are extremely infrequent, both volcanoes have remained active with much smaller eruptions in historic times, with Sakurajima in

342-457: The surface of the sea is called Tagiri (which means 'to boil' in Japanese). Hydrothermal vents including volcanic chimneys with rare mineral deposition exist on the bay's sea bottom. The massive Akahoya eruption to the south around 7,300 cal.   BP depopulated the bay by pyroclastic flow, tsunami and ash during the earliest stage of the Jōmon period . Before written records

361-553: Was established as a municipality on May 27, 1941 (Navy Memorial Day). Kanoya has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 26 members. Kanoya, collectively with the city of Tarumizu contributes four members to the Kagoshima Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Kagoshima 4th district of the lower house of

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