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54-610: Kapten (captain) is a rank in the Swedish Army , Swedish Air Force and in the Swedish Navy ( Coastal Artillery 1902–2000, Amphibious Corps 2000–present). A kapten (captain) usually commanded an infantry company or an artillery battery . The name appeared quite early in the Middle Ages and then applied to the highest commander in an area, a city etc. With the standing armies , which began to be established in

108-404: A completed tactical course Army (TakA) for a future captain, the focus is on creating an officer who is skilled in, for example, leading combat training with his own company (within the battalion) and competent to work as a company commander or staff officer. Common is that the individual should be able to work as a teacher in officer training. The requirement for service is at least two (2) years as

162-556: A full-fledged member of the 75 year old Western / Central European and North America democratic and military alliance of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ). The regiment forms training organizations that train the various battalions of the army and home guard. The Swedish Armed Forces recently underwent a transformation from conscription -based recruitment to a professional defence organisation increasing to an all-volunteer force. This

216-473: A lieutenant. According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in the Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held

270-404: A loop of gold galloon. Since 2003, this type of sleeve insignia is used by a commander . A lieutenant wears a peaked cap ( skärmmössa m/48 ) which is fitted with a hat badge ( mössmärke m/78 off för flottan ) and with a lacing in form of a golden thread ( mössnodd m/82 ). An officer wears a hat badge ( mössmärke m/78 off ) for the navy and another ( mössmärke m/87 off ) for amphibious units on

324-502: A tactical staff course at the Swedish Defence University , a captain who is OFSK may only be promoted to major with a passing grade if the position is within the functional area where the captain's special competence is located, and if the position's rank code is OF 3. Responsible head of promotion to captain is the unit commander. In the case of reserve officers, promotion of lieutenant to captain may take place if

378-557: A year of conscription, after which the unit the soldier trained with was put in reserve. Upon completion of conscript service with sufficient service marks, conscripts are eligible to apply for commissioned officer training, NCO/Warrant Officer or from 2007 stay in the Army as a professional private , mainly to be employed in the Nordic Battle Group . The army has employed soldiers for UN service on short time contracts since

432-478: Is OF 3. Promotion of a major to lieutenant colonel may take place when the major has completed the applicable promotion training with approved results. Responsible head of promotion to major is the unit commander. In the case of reserve officers, promotion of a captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. Promotion to positions higher than major may take place after placement until further notice in

486-540: Is a field grade military officer rank in the Swedish Armed Forces , above the rank of captain and below the rank of lieutenant colonel . It is equivalent to the naval rank of lieutenant commander in the Swedish Navy . The rank of major was introduced in the middle of the 16th century in the Spanish and German armies, and its holders were assigned to the regimental commander. After the introduction of

540-416: Is also suitable to serve both at the Swedish Armed Forces' schools or at the Swedish Defence University as a teacher or other position. The individual must be able to work as a teacher in officer training. The navy specifies a total period of service of six (6) years before it is time to become a lieutenant. According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in

594-522: Is now called kapten was then called kaptenslöjtnant . On 1 July 2003, the Swedish Navy received new rank insignias. The new rank insignia system was inspired from Royal Navy . The idea was that the British system was more internationally viable and thus would facilitate contact between officers. However, this drew some criticism as a commander with four galloons now got three galloons, which in

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648-872: Is part of a larger goal to abandon the mass army from the Cold War era and develop an army better suited to modern maneuver warfare and at the same time retain a higher readiness. Since 2014, the Swedish Army has had around 50,000 soldiers in either full-time or part-time duty, with eight mechanized infantry battalions instantly available at any time and the full force of 71 battalions ready to be deployed within one week. The regular army consists of 8 mechanised maneuver battalions, 19 support battalions of different kinds including artillery battalions, anti-aircraft battalions, combat engineer battalions, rangers , logistics battalions and 4 reserve heavy armoured battalions and 40 territorial defence battalions. The battalion

702-423: Is promotable according to Chapter 2, Section 1. Promotion of lieutenant to lieutenant commander may take place when the lieutenant has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. After completing a tactical staff course at the Swedish Defence University , a lieutenant who is OFSK may only be promoted to lieutenant commander with a passing grade if the position is within the functional area where

756-622: Is responsible for supporting Home Guard units in Dalarna County , Gävleborg County , Södermanland County , Stockholm County , Uppsala County , and Västmanland County with training and administrative resources. The Southern Military Region is responsible for supporting Home Guard units in Blekinge County , Jönköping County , Kalmar County , Kronoberg County , Skåne County , and Östergötland County with training and administrative resources. The Western Military Region

810-577: Is responsible for supporting Home Guard units in Halland County , Värmland County , Västra Götaland County , and Örebro County with training and administrative resources. The Home Guard battalion on the island of Gotland falls under the Gotland Regiment , which also commands the active 181st Armored Battalion. The army on active service during most of the 20th century only consisted of conscript receiving their basic training (at

864-464: Is the core unit but all units are completely modular and can be arranged in combat teams from company to brigade level with different units depending on the task. There are a total of 6 permanent staffs under the central command capable of handling large battlegroups, 4 regional staffs, 3 brigade staffs and 1 divisional staff. Until 1937 the King was the formal Head of the Army, and until 1974 of

918-400: Is the only regiment that also trains Home Guard troops. The currently active regiments and their main peacetime subordinate units are: The Swedish Army distinguishes an administrative from an operational structure. The administrative structure includes the peacetime depot units ( depåförband ), which are responsible for the training, equipment and combat readiness of the forces. Depot units are

972-438: Is used by a commander . 3. The woven shoulder mark ( AXELKLAFFSHYLSA M/02 INVÄVD KAPTEN FLOTTAN ) is worn on the naval combat dress ( sjöstridsdräkt m/93 ), duty uniform ( arbetsdräkt m/87 (blå) ) and combat uniform ( Fältuniform m/90 lätt , m/90 lätt blå , m/90 tropik (green, beige and blue)). Rank insignia is worn on both sleeves for inner suit jacket ( innerkavaj m/48 ) and mess jacket ( mässjacka m/1878 ). 1. On

1026-423: Is worn on all garments with shoulder straps. 1. The shoulder mark ( Axelklaffshylsa m/02B ) is designed as galloons sewn directly to another shoulder mark ( axelklaffshylsa m/87 blå ). Since 2003 it consists of two gold galloons. Before 2003, this type of shoulder mark with two galloons was worn by a sub-lieutenant ( löjtnant ). 2. Before 2003, a lieutenant wore three gold galloons. Since 2003, this shoulder mark

1080-693: The Armed Forces at large. In 1937, the Chief of the Army position and headquarters staff ( Swedish : Chefen för armén , CA ) was created to lead the Army in peacetime. Following a larger reorganisation of the Swedish Armed Forces in 1994, CA ceased to exist as an independent agency, and all of the Armed Forces was centralized under the Supreme Commander ( ÖB ). Instead, the post Chief of Army Staff ( Swedish : Chefen för arméledningen )

1134-573: The Jämtland Ranger Regiment re-raised as a battalion of Västernorrland Regiment. From the 17th century until 1901, Swedish Army recruitment was based upon the allotment system . In 1812, conscription was introduced for all males between age 20 and 25 to serve in the armed forces twelve days a year, increased in 1858 to four weeks per two years. The allotment system was abolished in 1901 and replaced with universal conscription for all males. All personnel were drafted as conscripts for

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1188-588: The Swedish War of Liberation in 1521. Svea Life Guards dates back to the year 1521, when the men of Dalarna chose 16 young able men as body guards for the insurgent nobleman Gustav Vasa in the Swedish War of Liberation against the Danish-dominated Union of Kalmar , thus making the present-day Life Guards one of the world's oldest regiments still on active duty. In 1901, Sweden introduced conscription . The conscription system

1242-538: The "Inspector General of the Swedish Air Force " ( Swedish : Generalinspektören för flygvapnet ), later renamed to "Inspector of the Army" ( Swedish : Arméinspektören ). In 2014, the Chief of Army ( Swedish : Arméchefen , AC ) position was reinstated. Swedish Army regiments are tasked with training conscripts for the operational battalions of the army's rapid reaction organisation. The Gotland Regiment

1296-615: The 1950s for service abroad. From July 2010 until 2017, the Swedish Army was an all-professional fighting force. The government announced on 2 March 2017 that conscription was going to be reinstated. Of a pool of around 13,000 men and women born 1999, 4,000 were going to be selected for conscription starting January 2018. The government stated that the number of conscripts may increase in response to foreign events. The rank insignia of commissioned officers . The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel . Major (Sweden) Major (Maj) ( Swedish : Major , Mj)

1350-458: The 3rd major added later in several regiments, the major had company commanders position until the 1833 pay regulation. All the regimental officers, with the exception of the regimental commander, were then called majors (1st, 2nd and 3rd major), of whom the 1st major usually had the rank of lieutenant colonel. The 2nd and 3rd major were changed to major in 1875, at the same time as the positions of lieutenant colonel and 1st major were firmly united in

1404-728: The Army's units of the Operational Organisation are: The following Armed Forces' establishments provide additional units for the Rapid Reaction Organisation: The Home Guard consists of 40 battalions with a total of 22,000 men. Many of the soldiers have served abroad with regular army units. The Northern Military Region is responsible for supporting Home Guard units in, Jämtland County , Norrbotten County , Västerbotten County , and Västernorrland County with training and administrative resources. The Central Military Region

1458-410: The Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held the rank for at least two years). For promotion from sub-lieutenant to lieutenant, it is only required that the sub-lieutenant

1512-501: The army regiments, the air force flotillas, the naval flotillas or the armed forces centers. The depot units generate wartime units ( krigsförband ), which are transferred to their respective wartime formations, so normally the Swedish army regiments are composed of administrative and training companies during peacetime and their battalions are only formed for exercises and during wartime. The operational units in their entirety are known as

1566-454: The battalion division, the major was eventually given command of a battalion in all armies, as was the lieutenant colonel. After the division of the regiment was established in Sweden in 1634, each regiment with regimental officers had a colonel (regimental commander), a lieutenant colonel and a major, of whom the latter often commanded the colonel's battalion. Like the 2nd major added in 1757 and

1620-578: The infantry and cavalry; the term 1st major was removed in 1901. Major has also existed as a rank in the Swedish Navy. During the 17th century, it appeared as a designation for the lowest flag officer rank in the navy. The major acts as a commander or deputy battalion commander both in the war organization or in basic training. In staff service, the major works as a section head, head of function or qualified administrator. The major can also serve at schools in various management, teacher and staff positions. The depth of competence can vary depending on time in

1674-486: The latter half of the 15th century, it was the name of the commander of a unit in both the infantry and the cavalry, which unit was first called company, then fana and from the latter half of the 16th century company again, whose strength was then still far less than before. The captains of the Swedish Coastal Artillery corresponded to the kapten (captain) of the army and kapten (lieutenant) of

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1728-646: The lieutenant has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. The top galloon is shaped like a "loop" for an officer in the Swedish Navy (the loop is shaped like a "grenade" for an officer in the Swedish Amphibious Corps ). The rank insignia is worn on the shoulder mark to jacket and coat ( jacka m/87 , kappa m/87 ), as well as to blue wool sweater ( blå ylletröja m/87 ), trench coat ( trenchcoat m/84 ), sea coat ( sjörock 93 , black raincoat and to white shirt ( vit skjorta m/78 ). Rank insignia on shoulder mark ( axelklaffshylsa 02B )

1782-520: The lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 credits if the program includes more than 180 credits. Promotion of captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. Kapten (lieutenant) is a rank in the Swedish Navy . A kapten (lieutenant) in the Swedish Navy was until 1972 a rank above sub-lieutenant ( löjtnant ) and below lieutenant commander ( kommendörkapten av 2:a graden/klassen ). Since 1972,

1836-461: The lieutenant's special competence is located, and if the position's rank code is OF 3. Responsible head of promotion to lieutenant is the unit commander. In the case of reserve officers, promotion of sub-lieutenant to lieutenant may take place if the sub-lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 credits if the program includes more than 180 credits. Promotion of lieutenant to lieutenant commander may take place when

1890-432: The most one year for privates), and conscripts called up for refreshers (at the most one month for privates) with intervals of at least 4–6 years. During WWII smaller or larger parts of the wartime establishment were also called up for periodical stand-by duty (up to 6 months). The figures for total strength below refer to the total force which could be mobilised. Between the introduction of universal conscription in 1902 until

1944-479: The navy. A captain in the army serves in three areas, as a commanding officer, as a staff officer and as an instruction officer, at skill levels B (Intermediate), C (Advanced) and D (Expert). Captain in the Amphibious Corps works as a commander, for example as platoon leader for advanced platoon or as deputy company commander and in exceptional cases company commander. In addition to the army requiring

1998-415: The old rank insignia system was the rank insignia for lieutenant ( kapten ). Since the same date, a lieutenant has two instead of three galloons. The lieutenant of a naval unit works as a commander, for example, a battle command officer, a second-in-command ( sekond ) or as a commander of a smaller ship. As a staff officer, the lieutenant has more advanced positions than the sub-lieutenant. The lieutenant

2052-477: The operational organisation of the armed forces ( Försvarsmaktens Insatsorganisation ( FM IO or just IO , followed by the year it has been introduced in, as IO 2018 or just IO 18 for example) in Swedish). The operational organisation of the army plans for the training regiments to form two combat brigades (2nd and 3rd Brigades) and a number of independent combat battalions within a few days. This plan, however,

2106-475: The position and other abilities. The lower level refers to the start of the position. According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in the Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held

2160-417: The rank for at least two years). Promotion of a captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. After completing a tactical staff course at the Swedish Defence University , a captain who is OFSK may only be promoted to major if the position is within the functional area where the captain's special competence is and the position's rank code

2214-488: The rank for at least two years). For promotion from lieutenant to captain, it is only required that the lieutenant is promotable according to Chapter 2, Section 1. For a lieutenant who has completed the Swedish Armed Forces' pilot training, promotion may only take place if the lieutenant has an academic degree at the undergraduate level. Promotion of captain to major may take place when the captain has completed applicable promotion training with approved results. After completing

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2268-435: The rank is below lieutenant commander ( örlogskapten ). The commander of a warship was always called kapten (captain), as is still the case on merchant ships. The kapten ' s duties on land were company commander, adjutant, teacher, instruction officer, etc. and on board commander of smaller ships, such as torpedo cruisers, destroyers, torpedo boats and submarines as well as gunboats, 2nd and 3rd class armored ships, or

2322-400: The ranks were raised, until it was the same period for all conscripts shortly before conscription was suspended in 2009. This combined with propaganda about conscription being a part of social duty and defending the Swedish principle of folkhemmet , led to an army a size of about 700,000 active duty soldiers that could be mobilised in late 1945. Since the late winter of 1945 the size of the army

2376-409: The second-in-command ( sekond ) on 1st class armored ships and armored cruisers, as well as flag lieutenant ( flaggadjutant ), squadrons, department or division, and – as far as younger kapten ' s are concerned – also artillery officer, navigation officer and officer on duty on larger ships. Before 1866, the lieutenants of the navy had a higher rank and then corresponded to the army majors . What

2430-600: The side cap ( båtmössa m/48 ) and on the winter hat ( vintermössa m/87 ). A lieutenant wears epaulette 's ( epålett m/1878 ) to white tie ( frack m/1878 ) and to coat ( rock m/1878 ). On the epaulette, a lieutenant wears 2 mm fringes in two rows. Swedish Army The Swedish Army ( Swedish : Svenska Armén ) is the land force of the Swedish Armed Forces of the Kingdom of Sweden in Northern Europe / Scandinavia . The army's history dates back to

2484-475: The size of the Swedish Army was down to 60,000 soldiers, and in 2013, three years after the end of conscription, the size was at an all-time low of just 16,000 soldiers, though the army plans to reach a level of 50,000 professional soldiers by 2020, mostly through a large media campaigns. A number of previously disbanded regiments will also be re-raised ( Dalarna Regiment , Västernorrland Regiment , Norrland Dragoon Regiment , and Bergslagen Artillery Regiment ) with

2538-414: The sleeve an 12,6 mm rank insignia ( gradbeteckning m/02 ) and galloon ( galon m/02 ). The distance between galloons should be 6 mm. The distance from the bottom edge of the sleeve to the bottom edge of the top galloon should be 100 mm. This type of sleeve insignia with two galloons was worn by a sub-lieutenant ( löjtnant ) until 2003. 2. Before 2003, lieutenants wore three gold galloons and

2592-592: The start of World War II, the army was usually maintained at a consistent strength of 100,000 men, with two-thirds of the force being conscripts for two years. From 1942 onwards, the Swedish government embarked upon a massive and ambitious militarisation program in which conscription was strictly enforced and compulsory service was extended. The basic training for privates was set at 12 months, for future conscript sergeants intended to become platoon leaders (mainly sixth form graduates) 18 months, and for future conscript officers 24 months. These periods were gradually reduced, and

2646-481: The start of the Cold War, led to a return to the militaristic policy by the Swedish government. From 1950 until around 1976 the size of the army was at an average of 250,000 soldiers with a peak of 400,000 mobilisable soldiers during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The rules were badly enforced, but dodging the draft was punishable with imprisonment. During the 1980s the size of the army was around 180,000 soldiers and

2700-508: Was abolished in 2010 but reinstated in 2017. The peace-time organisation of the Swedish Army is divided into a number of regiments for the different branches. The number of active regiments has been reduced since the end of the Cold War in the late 1980s . However the Swedish Army has begun to expand once again, due to an increasing threat from the east with a resurgent Russian Federation and its attack on neighboring Ukraine in 2014 / 2022. Thus resulting in longtime neutral Sweden to become

2754-664: Was considered by the Supreme Commander to be impossible due to the economic situation at the time. In 2013, the Armed Forces issued a statement saying that the reorganisation would only suffice for a reasonable defence of Swedish territory for one week. The force was to include the following units: As of 2022 the 1st Division was reintroduced as an operational unit. The Division currently contains four brigades; The Norbotten Brigade ( Norbottensbrigaden NMekB 19 ), The South Scanian Brigade ( Södra Skånska Brigaden MekB 7 , The Life Guards Brigade ( Livgardesbrigaden IB 1 ) and The Skaraborg Brigade ( Skaraborgsbrigaden MekB 4 ) As of 2024

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2808-453: Was created at the then newly instituted Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters ( HKV ). In 1998, the Swedish Armed Forces was yet again reorganized. Most of the duties of the Chief of Army Staff were transferred to the newly instituted post of " Inspector General of the Army" ( Swedish : Generalinspektören för armén ). The post is similar to that of the "Inspector General of the Swedish Navy " ( Swedish : Generalinspektören för marinen ) and

2862-525: Was slowly decreased as entire reserve battalions and brigades were gradually demobilised, and by late 1947 the size of the army was around 170,000 soldiers who could be mobilised and was planned to stabilise at such a quantity of personnel. However, due to the rise in tensions between the East and West over the political landscape of Europe, the threat from the Soviet Union in 1949 and 1950, coinciding with

2916-503: Was slowly increased as time progressed until around 1988. The end of the Cold War led to a massive restructuring of the Swedish Army. Every year after 1988, the Army discharged around 40,000 conscripts and recruited only 20,000, so that by 1995 the size was down to 80,000 soldiers. Around this time the compulsory service obligation was further reduced to 10 months, reserve service became more flexible, and changes made in enforcement so that forceful enforcement became withdrawn as policy. By 2004

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