34-719: The High Court of Karnataka ( IAST: Karnāṭaka Ućća Nyāyālaya , commonly called the Karnataka High Court and formerly Mysore High Court ) is the High Court of the Indian state of Karnataka and thus its highest judicial authority. The court's principal bench is located in Bengaluru , the capital city of Karnataka, with additional benches in Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi. It was previously called
68-530: A civil case and the session's judge when he presides over a criminal case. He is the highest judicial authority below a high court judge. Below him, there are courts of civil jurisdiction, known by different names in different states. Under Article 141 of the constitution, all courts in India, including high courts – are bound by the judgements and orders of the Supreme Court of India by precedence. Judges in
102-626: A high court are appointed by the president of India in consultation with the chief justice of India and the governor of the state under Article 217, Chapter Five of Part VI of the Constitution, but through subsequent judicial interpretations, the primacy of the appointment process is on the hands of the Judicial Collegium . High courts are headed by a chief justice. The chief justices rank fourteenth (within their respective states) and seventeenth (outside their respective states) on
136-531: A number of times, during Kengal Hanumanthaiah tenure and also in 1984 to bring a new structure in the same place. There had been protests and backlashes on that proposal for dismantling of the colonial structure from the citizens. A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was filed, which was dismissed by the High Court. The petition went on to the Supreme Court. At the same time, the Government on the concerns of
170-456: A particular region have permanent benches established there. Benches are also present in states which come under the jurisdiction of a court outside its territorial limits. Smaller states with few cases may have circuit benches established. Circuit benches (known as circuit courts in some parts of the world) are temporary courts which hold proceedings for a few selected months in a year. Thus cases built up during this interim period are judged when
204-456: A process of removal by Parliament as follows: A Judge of the Supreme Court shall not be removed from his office except by an order of the President passed after an address by each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting has been presented to the President in
238-614: A sanctioned maximum strength of 62. Nilay Vipinchandra Anjaria is the Chief Justice since 25 February 2024. The High Court is the highest judicial authority within the State of Karnataka. It has superintendence over all courts and tribunals, such as district courts, operating within Karnataka, except those of the armed forces. Appeals against judgments of lower courts, such as district-level civil and sessions courts, are heard in
272-456: Is de facto Chancellor of National Law School of India University . The 51st and present Chief Justice is Sanjiv Khanna . He was sworn in as Chief Justice on 11 November 2024. As the incumbent Chief Justice approaches retirement, the Ministry of Law and Justice seeks a recommendation from the incumbent Chief Justice. Consultations with other judges might also take place. The recommendation
306-484: Is then presented to the prime minister, who will advice the President in the matter of appointment. Article 124(4) of the Constitution of India lays down the procedure for the removal of a judge of the Supreme Court, which is applicable to Chief Justices as well. Once appointed, the Chief Justice remains in office until age 65. There is no fixed tenure provided in the constitution. He can be removed only through
340-422: The Indian order of precedence . The number of judges in a court is decided by dividing the average institution of main cases during the last five years by the national average, or the average rate of disposal of main cases per judge per year in that high court, whichever is higher. The Madras High Court is the oldest high court in the country, established on 26 June 1862. High courts that handle numerous cases of
374-527: The Supreme Court of India . P Mahadevayya, M Sadasivayya, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau , Sam Piroj Bharucha and G. T. Nanavati were some notable Chief Justices who presided over this court. The current sitting judges of the court are as follows: The Karnataka High Court is currently functional in Bengaluru, Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi. There was a long-standing demand for an additional bench as
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#1732772523073408-425: The constitution , a state law or union law. The work of most high courts primarily consists of appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution. Writ jurisdiction is also the original jurisdiction of a high court. Each state is divided into judicial districts presided over by a district judge and a session judge. He is known as the district judge when he presides over
442-683: The constitutions of the separate states and as a result vary greatly from state to state. The Calcutta High Court in Kolkata (est. 1862), Bombay High Court in Mumbai (est. 1862), Madras High Court in Chennai (est. 1862), Allahabad High Court in Allahabad (est. 1866), and Bangalore High Court (now Karnataka High Court ) in Bengaluru (est. 1884) are the five oldest high courts in India. The Andhra High Court and Telangana High Court are
476-524: The Constitution) the next Chief Justice, who will serve until they reach the age of 65 or are removed by the constitutional process of impeachment . As per convention, the successor suggested by the incumbent chief justice is most often the next most senior judge of the Supreme Court. However, this convention has been broken twice. In 1973, Justice A. N. Ray was appointed, superseding three senior judges, and in 1977 when Justice Mirza Hameedullah Beg
510-521: The High Court becomes the custodian of final justice. High Courts of India The high courts of India are the highest courts of appellate jurisdiction in each state and union territory of India . However, a high court exercises its original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the subordinate courts are not authorized by law to try such matters for lack of peculiar or territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters, if so designated, especially by
544-665: The High Court of Mysore. In Bengaluru , the High Court functions out of a red-painted brick building known as the Attara Kacheri , located opposite the Vidhana Soudha , the seat of the Karnataka Legislature . The High Court is composed of the Chief Justice of Karnataka and other judges. Judges are appointed by the President of India . As of February 2022, there are 45 judges in the High Court, out of
578-467: The High Court, but the proposal to demolish the building was dropped in 1985 when the Supreme Court asked the state government to reconsider demolition. Lord Cubbon, the then Viceroy of Colonial India was responsible for building Attara Kacheri . a building is Greco-Roman styled architecture with red paint, sprawling vast space with a distinguished mark at the center. A portion of the High Court building stood as Attara Kacheri, which housed public offices in
612-546: The High Court. Appeals against judgments of the High Court are heard by the Supreme Court of India . The High Court is a court of record and can prosecute for contempt of itself. The Karnataka High court has two permanent benches at Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi. The permanent Karnataka high court bench at Hubballi-Dharwada became operational on 24 August 2013 and Kalaburagi on 31 August 2013. Before operational of permanent high court benches, Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi had circuit benches of Karnataka High Court from
646-882: The Karnataka Government rejuvenated the old Attara Kacheri building with an extension of a new blocks along with the existing building. During this time, the old building structure was strengthened to suite the requirement. A plaque has been installed during the inauguration of the Northern Block, and was inaugurated by Lokayuktha Venkatachala. Judges of the court, E. S. Venkataramiah , M. N. Venkatachaliah , S. Rajendra Babu and H.L. Dattu , went on to become Chief Justices of India and others including Kalmanje Jagannatha Shetty , N. Venkatachala , R. V. Raveendran , Shivaraj Patil , Venkate Gopala Gowda , A.S Bopanna, Mohan Shantanagoudar , S. Abdul Nazeer , A. S. Oka and B. V. Nagarathna were appointed judges in
680-467: The Mysore Kingdom era. The building now has the entrance from the side opposite to the Vidhana Soudha , which was actually the rear side of the estewhile Attara Kacheri. Over an hundred years later, when this building became the High Court to award justice to lakhs of people the potential weakness of the building due to ageing and wear and tear, the building was deemed close to demolition a quite
714-467: The architectural work of Le Corbusier ) are UNESCO World Heritage Sites . The high courts are substantially different from and should not be confused with the state courts of other federations, in that the Constitution of India includes detailed provisions for the uniform organisation and operation of all high courts. In other federations like the United States, state courts are formed under
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#1732772523073748-522: The circuit court is in session. According to a study conducted by Bangalore -based N.G.O, Daksh, on 21 high courts in collaboration with the Ministry of Law and Justice in March 2015, it was found that average pendency of a case in high courts in India is 3 years. The buildings of Bombay High Court (as part of the Victorian and art deco ensemble of Mumbai ) and Punjab and Haryana High Court (as part of
782-484: The citizen, stepped back from the decision decided to expand the High Court Building to suite the progressive requirement. The government of Karnataka had assigned this job to the engineers of PWD, and preparations were made to start renovation of the High Court in 1986 to renovate the old structure and also build a new parallel structure in the same style to the erstwhile Attara Kacheri. Eventually, in 1990s
816-497: The location of Bengaluru in south-east corner of the state caused hardship for people visiting the High Court from the distant northern regions of the state. This issue led to agitation, including boycott of court proceedings by lawyers in the northern region. The demand was finally met in the year 2006 when it was decided that circuit benches of the High Court would be set up in Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi . The new branches were inaugurated on 4 and 5 July 2008, respectively. There
850-521: The newest high courts, established on 1 January 2019 according to the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 . The following are the 25 high courts in India, sorted by name, year established, act by which it was established, jurisdiction, principal seat (headquarters), permanent benches (subordinate to the principal seat), circuit benches (functional a few days in a month/year), the maximum number of judges sanctioned, and
884-429: The other judges who are bound to refer the matter back to them (for re-allocation) in any case where they require it to be looked into by another group of experienced judges. On the administrative side, the Chief Justice carries out functions of maintenance of the roster, appointment of court officials, and general and miscellaneous matters relating to the supervision and functioning of the Supreme Court. The Chief Justice
918-522: The presiding chief justice of the high court: Chief Justice of India The Chief Justice of India (CJI) ( ISO : Bhārata kē Mukhya Nyāyādhīśa ) is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of India and the highest-ranking officer of the Indian judiciary . The Constitution of India grants power to the President of India to appoint, as recommended by the outgoing chief justice in consultation with other judges, (as envisaged in Article 124 (2) of
952-425: The same session for such removal on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. The President (Discharge of Functions) Act, 1969 specifies the Chief Justice of India shall act as the president of India in the event of the offices of both the president and the vice president being vacant. When President Zakir Hussain died in office, Vice President V. V. Giri acted as the president. Later, V V Giri resigned as
986-441: The vice president, the chief justice, Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah became the acting president of India. As per the convention, the senior most judge of the Supreme Court become the acting Chief Justice. When the newly elected president took office a month later, Justice Hidayatullah reverted as the Chief Justice of India. The Constitution of India gives the power of deciding remuneration as well as other conditions of service of
1020-404: The year 2008. Hubballi-Dharwada bench of Karnataka High Court was inaugurated by then Chief Justice of India K.G.Balakrishnan on 4 July 2008 and became operational from 7 July 2008 A.D. The High Court's principal bench is located in Bengaluru, in a building called the Attara Kacheri . It is a wide two-storied building of stone and brick, painted red, in the neoclassical style of architecture. It
1054-532: Was appointed as Chief Justice, superseding Justice Hans Raj Khanna . As head of the Supreme Court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches that deal with important matters of law. In accordance with Article 145 of the Constitution of India and the Supreme Court Rules of Procedure of 1966, the chief justice has to allocate work to
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1088-407: Was constructed between 1864 and 1868. It is located in Bengaluru's Cubbon Park. There was a proposal to demolish this building in the year 1982. A public interest litigation (PIL) was filed in the High Court pleading to stop the demolition. This was the first PIL to be filed in the court, and the case was heard in the same building that was supposed to be demolished. The petition was struck down by
1122-501: Was established by the Chief Justice. Later, the committee acquitted the judges as they could not find any substantive evidence . About 2.7 lakh cases were pending in Karnataka High Court as on 2023 which is suffering from a serious backlog of cases, inability to follow Karnataka Civil Procedures and its inability to deliver speedy justice. There are about 20 Lakhs cases pending in the state as of August 2024 for which
1156-502: Was later demand to make both Hubballi-Dharwada and Kalaburagi benches permanent. Consequently, Hubballi-Dharwadaa circuit bench became a permanent bench from 25 August 2013 and Kalaburagi circuit bench became a permanent bench from 31 August 2013. In late 2002, 14 newspapers and periodicals reported that some judges from the High Court of Karnataka were allegedly involved in a sex scandal in Mysore. A high-level judicial inquiry committee
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