91-515: Kirribilli is a suburb of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia . One of the city's most established and affluent neighbourhoods, it is located three kilometres north of the Sydney central business district , in the local government area administered by North Sydney Council . Kirribilli is a harbourside suburb, sitting on the Lower North Shore of Sydney Harbour . Kirribilli House
182-559: A bill, the governor-general can also reserve a bill for the King's pleasure, that is allow the monarch to give royal assent personally to a proposed bill. When the governor-general acted as a representative of the British government, this provision allowed for the governor-general to refer a bill back to the British government for review, which would then advise the monarch whether or not to grant assent. The British government could also advise
273-429: A cabinet meeting agreed that troops should only be called out if requested by the territory's administrator ; this did not occur. Defence minister Malcolm Fraser , who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. The incident contributed to Fraser's resignation from cabinet in 1971 and Gorton's subsequent loss of the prime ministership . The governor-general
364-561: A formal letter of credence (and a letter of recall at the end of a tenure) to heads of state and government and similarly formally receives foreign letters during credentials ceremonies for heads of mission on their arrival in Canberra. Before 1987, ambassador and high commissioner appointments were formally made by the monarch instead. Under section 68 of the Constitution , the command-in-chief of Australia's military forces
455-489: A grant to James Milson , after whom Milsons Point was named. The area was largely covered in native bush. As the decades passed, the land was cleared bit by bit and sub-divided, first for the construction of large family residences during the 1840s, secondly for the erection of Victorian terrace houses from the 1860s onwards, and finally for 20th-Century flats. Prominent early landowners in Kirribilli included members of
546-622: A key role in performing constitutional duties in all branches of government. The Constitution defines the Parliament of the Commonwealth as consisting of the monarch, the Senate and the House of Representatives . However, the monarch's role is no more than titular, with the governor-general responsible under the Constitution for most of the functions undertaken by the monarch in regard to
637-546: A larger city. The Australian usage is closer to the American or British use of "district" or "neighbourhood", and can be used to refer to any portion of a city. Unlike the use in British or American English, this term can include inner-city, outer-metropolitan and industrial areas. Localities existed in the past as informal units, but in 1996 the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping and
728-709: A link south to the Sydney CBD and north to Chatswood . Kirribilli is serviced by rail, bus and ferry services. Milsons Point railway station is the closest railway station on the North Shore railway line of the Sydney Trains network. It is located next to the main shopping streets, and has frequent services to the Sydney CBD and the North Shore. Busways operate regular services from Kirribilli to many parts of northern Sydney. The 269 bus service runs
819-401: A loop within the Kirribilli - Milsons Point - McMahons Point - North Sydney railway station area on weekdays. There are four operating ferry wharves near Kirribilli, serviced by both public and private ferries. They are: Kirribilli has a small shopping strip opposite Milsons Point railway station . The 'Kirribilli Markets' are held on the fourth Saturday of each month, on the lawns of
910-440: A military pension. The governor-general also receives a generous pension. Until 2001, governors-general did not pay income tax on their salary; this was changed after Elizabeth II agreed to pay tax. Governors-general before the 1970s wore traditional court uniforms , consisting of a dark navy wool double-breasted coatee with silver oak leaf and fern embroidery on the collar and cuffs trimmed with silver buttons embossed with
1001-537: A part of the Fox Classic Car Collection at Queens Warehouse, Melbourne. The salary of the governor-general was initially set by the Constitution, which fixed an annual amount of A£ 10,000 until the parliament decided otherwise. The Constitution also provides that the salary of the governor-general cannot be changed during their term of office. Their pay is now set by Governor-General Act 1974 , which has been amended on each new commission to set
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#17327802860451092-636: A private dwelling belonging to Colonel John George Nathaniel Gibbes , is Kirribilli's oldest extant building, the earliest portions of which date to 1842. Kirribilli House was built next door by Adolphus Frederick Feez, a wealthy merchant, in 1854–55. The following buildings are on the Register of the National Estate: Kirribilli supports the northern end of the Sydney Harbour Bridge . The Warringah Freeway provides
1183-403: A typical military fashion worn with a plumed helmet. However, that custom fell into disuse during the tenure of Sir Paul Hasluck with governors-general now observing informal wear day-to-day. Tasmanian governor Sir Stanley Burbury extensively lobbied his government in an attempt to regain the right to wear a uniform, going as far to contact Sir John Kerr in desperation, hoping he could contact
1274-525: A vacancy occurs. In 1975, Labor prime minister Gough Whitlam advised the Queen that Sir Colin Hannah , then governor of Queensland , should have his dormant commission revoked for having made public and partisan anti- Whitlam government political statements, in violation of the convention that vice-regal representatives remain neutral and above politics. A governor-general may be recalled or dismissed by
1365-596: Is "vested in the Governor‑General as the Queen's representative". Views on the effect of this section vary, from merely making the governor-general "in effect no more than a glorified Patron of the Defence Forces" to alternatively making the governor-general the ultimate head of military chain of command who may influence or deny the use of the military if it is to be used for domestic political ends. Ex-governor-general Sir Ninian Stephen stated that his view of
1456-467: Is formally appointed by the monarch of Australia with a commission made under the authority of section 2 of the Constitution and regulated by letters patent issued by the monarch. When a new governor-general is to be appointed, the current prime minister recommends a name to the monarch, who by convention accepts that recommendation. Prior to the 1940s, the recommendation was made and decided by
1547-553: Is generally invited to become patron of various charitable and service organisations. Historically the governor-general has also served as Chief Scout of Australia . The chief scout is nominated by the Scouting Association's National Executive Committee and is invited by the president of the Scout Association to accept the appointment. Bill Hayden declined the office on the grounds of his atheism , which
1638-480: Is one of the two official residences of the Prime Minister of Australia . The name Kirribilli is derived from an Aboriginal word Kiarabilli , which means 'good fishing spot'. Another theory suggests that Kirribilli is an adaptation of 'Carabella', the name given by early colonist James Milson to his first house. The suburb initially formed in the vicinity of Jeffrey Street and was subsequently part of
1729-541: Is split between the City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie LGAs; and Woodville , which is split between the City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council LGAs. In unincorporated areas , localities are declared by the relevant state authority. Governor-General of Australia The governor-general of Australia is the federal representative of the monarch of Australia , currently Charles III . The governor-general has many constitutional and ceremonial roles in
1820-556: The Australian political system , in which they have independent agency. However, they are generally bound by convention to act on the advice of the prime minister and the Federal Executive Council . They also have a significant community role, through recognising meritorious individuals and groups, and representing the nation as a whole. The current governor-general is Sam Mostyn . Significant functions of
1911-460: The Cabinet as a whole. The incoming governor-general is publicly announced usually several months before the end of the existing governor-general's term. After receiving their commission, the new governor-general takes an oath or affirmation of allegiance to the monarch and an oath or affirmation of office . These oaths are administered by the chief justice of Australia or another justice of
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#17327802860452002-1006: The Committee for Geographical Names in Australasia (CGNA) decided to name and establish official boundaries for all localities and suburbs. There has subsequently been a process to formally define their boundaries and to gazette them, which is almost complete. In March 2006, only South Australia and the Northern Territory had not completed this process. The CGNA's Gazetteer of Australia recognises two types of locality: bounded and unbounded. Bounded localities include towns, villages, populated places, local government towns and unpopulated town sites, while unbounded localities include place names, road corners and bends, corners, meteorological stations, ocean place names and surfing spots. Sometimes, both localities and suburbs are referred to collectively as "address localities". In
2093-571: The Prime Minister of Australia ), Admiralty House (the official Sydney residence of the Governor-General of Australia ), and the headquarters and marina of the Royal Sydney Yacht Squadron located on the former Carabella mansion. The Sydney headquarters of ASIO was formerly at 31 Carabella Street. The Sydney Flying Squadron is located adjoining Milson Park, formerly Kirribilli Park. Admiralty House, originally
2184-467: The Royal Arms and with bullion edged epaulettes on the shoulders, dark navy trousers with a wide band of silver oak-leaf braid down the outside seam, silver sword belt with ceremonial sword, bicorne cocked hat with plume of ostrich feathers, black patent leather Wellington boots with spurs, etc., that is worn on ceremonial occasions. There is also a tropical version made of white tropical wool cut in
2275-579: The Royal Styles and Titles Act (1953 and 1973) and other bills of national significance such as the Flags Act 1953 and the Australia Act 1986 . Finally, the governor-general can refer a bill back to the houses with suggested changes. This has only happened when once passed, the government has realised a bill requires further amendment and requests the governor-general return the bill to
2366-534: The UK parliament . These include the power to summon, dissolve and prorogue the Parliament, to issue writs for lower house elections, to convene a joint sitting, as well as the power to give royal assent to bills in the monarch's name. The governor-general also has a ceremonial role in swearing in and accepting the resignations of members of Parliament. All members must make an oath or affirmation of allegiance to
2457-537: The "Governor-General in Council", however this does not denote an element of personal discretion in their exercise. However, in 1970 governor-general Paul Hasluck refused prime minister John Gorton 's request to authorise a Pacific Islands Regiment peacekeeping mission in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea , on the grounds that cabinet had not been consulted. Gorton agreed to put the matter to his ministers, and
2548-640: The Campbell, Jeffrey and Gibbes families. Colonel John George Nathaniel Gibbes (1787–1873) , the Collector of Customs for New South Wales, built 'Wotonga' - the forerunner of Admiralty House - in 1842–43 on a 5-acre (20,000 m) site which he leased, and then purchased, from the Campbells. Gibbes' son, William John Gibbes, lived nearby in Beulah House during the 1840s. Beulah was later lived in by
2639-666: The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Australia , Robert Garran noted that, since the Australian executive is national in nature (being dependent on the nationally elected House of Representatives, rather than the Senate), "the Governor-General, as the official head of the Executive, does not in the smallest degree represent any federal element; if he represents anything he is the image and embodiment of national unity and
2730-451: The Constitution, that the monarch may assign them. Additionally, the initial letters patent of Queen Victoria purported to create and empower the office of governor-general, despite their assignment already in the Constitution. This was raised as early as 1901, by John Quick and Garran in their authoritative commentary of the Constitution, noting that the governor-general of Australia was distinguished from other imperial governors-general by
2821-422: The Constitution, the circumstances in which they can be used with discretion is not prescribed and is a matter of convention. The reserve powers that are generally accepted are: The reserve powers that are the subject of greater debate are: The most prominent use of the reserve powers occurred in the course of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis , in which governor-general Sir John Kerr dismissed
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2912-520: The Crown, but by the Constitution, and empowered to exercise, in his own right as Governor-General ... all the powers and functions of Australia's head of state". Governors-general are entitled to various privileges by virtue of holding the office. These include the right to live in Government House (also known as Yarralumla ), or Admiralty House, Sydney the two official residences of
3003-527: The Defence Force, and declare a time of war, exercised as ordinary executive powers on advice. Additionally, all officers are appointed by the governor-general on behalf of the monarch with a personally signed commission. Historically, the power to declare war and make peace rested with the monarch (as advised by the British government) in their role as head of the British Empire . This was
3094-623: The Executive Government of the Commonwealth ... The executive power of the Commonwealth, by section 61 of the Constitution, is declared to be vested in the Queen. It is also, in the same section, declared to be "exercisable" by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative. In the face of this provision, I feel it is difficult to contend that the Queen, even though present in Australia, may exercise in person functions of executive government which are specifically assigned by
3185-478: The High Court. Traditionally, the ceremony takes place in the Senate chamber. The Constitution does not set a term of office, so a governor-general may continue to hold office for any agreed length of time. In recent decades the typical term of office has been five years. Some early governors-general were appointed to terms of just one year ( Lord Tennyson ) or two years ( Lord Forster ; later extended). At
3276-579: The King in the presence of the governor-general or someone appointed by them before they take their seats. On the day parliament opens, the governor-general makes a speech in the Senate (similar to the King's Speech in the UK), entirely written by the government, explaining the government's proposed legislative program. One of the most significant powers of the governor-general is the power to grant royal assent in
3367-484: The King's name. This assent gives bills that have been passed by the houses of parliament the force of law, with effect either 28 days after being signed, on a date to be fixed later by proclamation or otherwise as provided in the act. The government does not formally advise the governor-general to grant assent, but it is expected that they will act in accordance with the democratically elected houses of Parliament and assent has never been refused. Apart from assenting to
3458-522: The Palace directly. However, it does not appear that he was successful. Governors-general have during their tenure the style His/Her Excellency the Honourable and their spouses have the style His/Her Excellency . Since May 2013, the style used by a former governor-general is the Honourable ; it was at the same time retrospectively granted for life to all previous holders of the office. From
3549-573: The Parish of St Leonard's and was served by a private ferry service. In a process which began in the 1860s, the area's old estates were subdivided. New residential streets were laid out and terrace houses, Victorian villas and, later, blocks of apartments erected. During the early decades of the 20th century, Kirribilli's shoreline was dominated by a large, multi-storey brick warehouse which was eventually torn down to make way for housing. The suburb contains Kirribilli House (the official Sydney residence of
3640-772: The Principal Knight or Dame of the order. However, in 2015 knighthoods were once again abolished by new prime minister Malcolm Turnbull , with all subsequent governors-general appointed as Companions. Spouses of governors-general have no official duties but carry out the role of a vice-regal consort. They are entitled to the courtesy style Her Excellency or His Excellency during the office-holder's term of office. Most spouses of governors-general have been content to be quietly supportive. Some, however, have been notable in their own right, such as Dame Alexandra Hasluck , Lady Casey and Michael Bryce . Other offices named governor-general were previously used in Australia in
3731-638: The Queen by section 61. And it is exercisable by the Queen's representative, not her delegate or agent." The 1988 Constitutional Commission report explained: "the governor-general is in no sense a delegate of the Queen. The independence of the office is highlighted by changes which have been made in recent years to the Royal Instruments relating to it". The changes occurred in 1984 when Queen Victoria's letters patent and instructions were revoked and replaced with new letters patent, on prime minister Bob Hawke 's advice, who stated that this would clarify
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3822-555: The Riley and Lasseter families. Eventually, the house was demolished and its grounds subdivided into numerous residential blocks which were put up for public auction in 1905. Although Kirribilli is a predominantly residential area today, from 1890 to 1921, the Pastoral Finance Association had a large wool warehouse, meat cold store and wharf, on the foreshore adjacent to Admiralty House .The seven-storey building
3913-544: The UK, there is no tradition of regular weekly meetings between the governor-general and the prime minister, with meetings instead sporadically held at the request or either party. There is a greater capacity to exercise influence at the regular meetings of the Federal Executive Council at Government House; however this requires the governor-general to have existing legal experience due to the volume of material,
4004-643: The advice of the health minister of a human biosecurity emergency under the Biosecurity Act 2015 in March 2020, due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic . Formally, the governor-general may exercise the traditional rights of the monarch as identified by Bagehot : the right to be consulted, to encourage and to warn. However, the practical ability to exercise this right is limited. Unlike in Canada or
4095-428: The assignment of powers by the monarch to the governor-general, the government also requested King George VI make similar proclamations of war on Australia's behalf. No formal declarations of war have been made since World War II, although other declarations on the start and end of time of "active service" have been made in other conflicts. The powers of command-in-chief are vested in the governor-general rather than
4186-467: The church's handling of allegations of sexual abuse of boys, for which he apologised before the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in 2016. In 1961, Lord Dunrossil became the first and, to date, only governor-general to die while holding office. A vacancy occurs on the resignation, death, or incapacity of the governor-general. A temporary vacancy occurs when
4277-560: The constitution put before the 1897 Adelaide Convention and professor of law at the University of Melbourne ), postulating that the letters patent and the royal instructions issued by Queen Victoria were unnecessary "or even of doubtful legality". Additionally, it was also previously believed that the monarch retained certain powers, such as the power to declare war, appoint diplomatic officers and to grant charters of incorporation and as such these powers were assigned separately to
4368-435: The constitution to the Governor-General. The monarch did not overturn the actions of governor-general Sir John Kerr in his dismissal of the prime ministership and government of Gough Whitlam during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis , with the Queen's private secretary arguing that the power to commission the prime minister was "clearly placed within the jurisdiction of the governor-general, and The Queen has no part in
4459-517: The creation of the Order of Australia in 1975, the governor-general was, ex officio , Chancellor and Principal Companion of the order, and therefore became entitled to the post-nominal AC. In 1976, the letters patent for the order were amended to introduce the rank of Knight and Dame to the order, and from that time the governor-general became, ex officio, the Chancellor and Principal Knight of
4550-474: The decisions which the Governor-General must take in accordance with the Constitution". In an address to the Sydney Institute , January 2007, in connection with that event, Sir David Smith , a retired official secretary to the governor-general of Australia who had been Kerr's official secretary in 1975, described the constitution as conferring the powers and functions of Australia's head of state on
4641-428: The end of this initial term, a commission may be extended for a short time, usually to avoid conflict with an election or during political difficulties. Three governors-general have resigned their commission. The first governor-general, Lord Hopetoun , asked to be recalled to Britain in 1903 over a dispute about funding for the post. Sir John Kerr resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept
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#17327802860454732-468: The fact that "[t]he principal and most important of his powers and functions, legislative as well as executive, are expressly conferred on him by the terms of the Constitution itself ... not by Royal authority, but by statutory authority". This view was also held by Andrew Inglis Clark , senior judge of the Supreme Court of Tasmania , who with W. Harrison Moore (a contributor to the first draft of
4823-438: The first instance, decisions about the names and boundaries of suburbs and localities are made by the local council in which they are located based on criteria such as community recognition. Local council decisions are, however, subject to approval by the state's geographical names board. The boundaries of some suburbs and localities overlap two or more local government areas (LGAs). Examples of this are Adamstown Heights , which
4914-706: The formal constitutional role, the governor-general has a representative and ceremonial role, though the extent and nature of that role has depended on the expectations of the time, the individual in office at the time, the wishes of the incumbent government, and the individual's reputation in the wider community. Governors-general generally become patrons of various charitable institutions, present honours and awards, host functions for various groups of people including ambassadors to and from other countries, and travel widely throughout Australia. Sir William Deane (governor-general 1996–2001) described one of his functions as being "Chief Mourner" at prominent funerals. In Commentaries on
5005-770: The former Kirribilli Bowling Club. The markets contain a mixture of new and second-hand clothing, bric-a-brac, jewellery, and food-and-drink stands. The two main schools in the suburb are St Aloysius' College and Loreto Kirribilli . Kirribilli is the home of Australia's oldest continuously operating professional theatre company, The Ensemble Theatre . Located in a converted boatshed, it shows productions of contemporary works by both Australian and International playwrights. Streets Landmark buildings, structures and heritage Tourism, theatres and sport Other 33°51′02″S 151°12′53″E / 33.85045°S 151.21477°E / -33.85045; 151.21477 Suburb (Australia) Suburbs and localities are
5096-456: The government of Gough Whitlam and appointed opposition leader Malcolm Fraser as prime minister while an election was held. Kerr acted following the blocking of supply by the opposition controlled Senate, arguing that this gave him both the right and duty to dismiss the government when they did not resign or advise an election. The event remains one of the most highly debated and controversial in Australian political history. In addition to
5187-533: The governor-general can exercise reserve powers (powers that may be exercised without or against formal advice), most notably during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis . These situations are often controversial and the use of and continued existence of these powers remains highly debated. In their ceremonial and community roles, the governor-general represents the nation as a whole. Domestically, this role entails attending services and commemorations, sponsoring community organisations and hosting events at one of
5278-418: The governor-general in "his own right". He stated that the governor-general was more than a representative of the sovereign, explaining: "under section 2 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the Queen's representative and exercises certain royal prerogative powers and functions; under section 61 of the Constitution the Governor-General is the holder of a quite separate and independent office created, not by
5369-529: The governor-general include giving royal assent to bills passed by the houses of parliament , issuing writs for elections , exercising executive power on the advice of the Federal Executive Council, formally appointing government officials (including the prime minister, other ministers, judges and ambassadors), acting as commander-in-chief of the Australian Defence Force , and bestowing Australian honours . However, in almost all instances
5460-439: The governor-general is overseas on official business representing Australia. A temporary vacancy also occurred in 2003 when Peter Hollingworth stood aside. Section 4 of the Constitution allows the monarch to appoint an administrator to carry out the role of governor-general when there is a vacancy. By convention, the longest-serving state governor holds a dormant commission , allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever
5551-486: The governor-general only exercises de jure power in accordance with the principles of the Westminster system and responsible government . This requires them to remain politically neutral and to only act in accordance with Parliament (such as when selecting the prime minister and providing royal assent ) or on the advice of ministers (when performing executive actions). However, in certain limited circumstances,
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#17327802860455642-400: The governor-general under section 2. However, the current interpretation of the Constitution is that all royal prerogatives are exercisable by the governor-general under section 61 and in recognition of this, the vesting of additional powers ended in 1987. While separate letters-patent still exist for the governor-general, these merely provide for the appointment of administrator in the case of
5733-419: The governor-general's absence or incapacity and requires the governor-general to make an oath or affirmation of allegiance and one of office. Commonwealth Solicitor-General Maurice Byers stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. What is exercisable is original executive power: that is, the very thing vested in
5824-471: The governor-general's position under the constitution. This remains the case even when the sovereign is in the country: solicitor-general Kenneth Bailey , prior to the first tour of Australia by its reigning monarch in 1954, explained the position by saying: the Constitution expressly vests in the Governor-General the power or duty to perform a number of the Crown's functions in the Legislature and
5915-525: The governor-general's salary to an amount slightly higher than the average salary of the chief justice of the High Court over the next five years. Since 1995, this has been reduced to take into account any existing pension the incoming governor-general currently receives. This provision led to the salary increase of current governor-general Samantha Mostyn (of $ 495,000 to $ 709,017) being significantly greater than other new governors-general, as unlike previous governor-general David Hurley , she does not receive
6006-468: The governor-general. Such advice is generally the result of decisions already made in Cabinet , the de facto highest executive body in Australia. While some provisions in the Constitution refer the "Governor-General" and others to the "Governor-General in Council", this does not mean that there is in element of discretion in the former; this distinction merely indicates that that the former powers were those that were historically classified as belonging to
6097-439: The governor-generalship, and went as far as to have the necessary documents drawn up. Casey had twice called McMahon into Yarralumla to give him a "dressing down" over his poor relationship with deputy prime minister John McEwen , which he believed was affecting the government. Holt believed that this was an improper use of his authority, but no further action was taken. [REDACTED] [REDACTED] The governor-general has
6188-408: The house. Under the Constitution, the executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the monarch, but is exercisable by the governor-general. However, such power is only exercised on the advice of ministers in accordance with the principles of responsible government . This occurs formally through the Federal Executive Council , a body of all current (and technically former) ministers that advises
6279-408: The issue of his management of sex abuse cases during his time as Anglican archbishop of Brisbane became a matter of controversy. The governor-general makes state visits overseas on behalf of Australia, during which an administrator of the government is appointed. The right of governors-general to make state visits was confirmed at the 1926 Imperial Conference , as it was deemed not feasible for
6370-403: The lack of any requirement for executive-councillors to be briefed or otherwise senior in the government, and the expectation by some governments that the governor-general should only act as a rubber stamp . The reserve powers are those powers that the governor-general may exercise independently, that is in the absence of or against ministerial advice. While most of these powers are listed in
6461-474: The mid-19th century. Sir Charles FitzRoy (governor of New South Wales from 1846 to 1855) and Sir William Denison (governor of New South Wales from 1855 to 1861) also carried the additional title of governor-general because their jurisdiction extended to other colonies in Australia. The office of governor-general of Australia was conceived during the debates and conventions leading up to federation . The first governor-general, John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun ,
6552-473: The monarch before their term is complete. By convention, this may only be upon advice from the prime minister, who retains responsibility for selecting an immediate replacement or letting the vacancy provisions take effect. The constitutional crisis of 1975 raised the possibility of the prime minister and the governor-general attempting to dismiss each other at the same time. According to William McMahon , Harold Holt considered having Lord Casey dismissed from
6643-487: The monarch of Australia on the prime minister's advice. Their term is not fixed, but they typically serve for five years. From Federation in 1901 until 1965, 11 out of the 15 governors-general were British aristocrats ; however all since then have been Australian citizens . The current governor-general, Samantha Mostyn , is the second woman to hold the post, after Dame Quentin Bryce (2008–2014). The governor-general
6734-423: The monarch to disallow a law passed within the last two years, which would annul the law on the governor-general's proclamation or message to the houses. However, since the assumption of full sovereignty and the emergence of an independent Crown of Australia, the British government no longer has these powers and the reservation power has only occasionally been used for bills that affect the monarch personally, such as
6825-502: The municipality of North Sydney directly by road and rail with the CBD of the City of Sydney. In the 2021 Census, there were 3,629 people in Kirribilli. 53.7% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were England 6.3% and China 3.1%. 72.3% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 40.0% and Catholic 21.5%. While
6916-514: The names of geographic subdivisions in Australia , used mainly for address purposes. The term locality is used in rural areas, while the term suburb is used in urban areas. Australian postcodes closely align with the boundaries of localities and suburbs. This Australian usage of the term "suburb" differs from common American and British usage, where it typically means a smaller, frequently separate residential community outside, but close to,
7007-498: The office-holder. For transportation, the governor-general has access to a Rolls-Royce Phantom VI limousine for ceremonial occasions or an armoured BMW 7 Series for ordinary official business. These cars fly the flag of the governor-general of Australia and display the Tudor Crown instead of number plates. Originally, two Phantoms were available after being purchased in the 1970s to be used for royal tours. One of these cars
7098-675: The order. In 1986 the letters patent were amended again, and governors-general appointed from that time were again, ex officio, entitled to the post-nominal AC (although if they already held a knighthood in the order that superior rank was retained). Until 1989, all governors-general were members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus held the additional style The Right Honourable for life. The same individuals were also usually either peers , knights, or both (the only Australian peer to be appointed as governor-general
7189-553: The outward and visible representation of the Imperial relationship of the Commonwealth". That role can become controversial, however, if the governor-general becomes unpopular with sections of the community. The public role adopted by Sir John Kerr was curtailed considerably after the constitutional crisis of 1975 ; Sir William Deane 's public statements on political issues produced some hostility towards him; and some charities disassociated themselves from Peter Hollingworth after
7280-481: The position of Australian ambassador to UNESCO in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the 1975 constitutional controversy . In 2003, ex-archbishop Peter Hollingworth voluntarily stood aside while controversial allegations against him were managed, and the letters patent of the office were amended to take account of this circumstance. He later stepped down over
7371-535: The position of Robert Menzies in 1939, who assumed that the declaration of war by the United Kingdom in World War II automatically applied to Australia. However, in 1941 opinion had shifted and the Curtin government advised the governor-general to declare war on several Axis powers . However, it was still unclear whether the governor-general had the constitutional power to declare war, so in addition to requesting
7462-474: The post-nominal AC by virtue of being Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Australia. Quentin Bryce was the first governor-general to have had no prior title or pre-nominal style. She was in office when, on 19 March 2014, then prime minister Tony Abbott advised the Queen to amend the letters patent of the Order of Australia to reinstate knighthoods into the Order, with the governor-general becoming
7553-401: The prerogative of the monarch alone. Many executive powers are also bestowed on the governor-general by statute. This allows the government of the day (acting through the governor-general) to perform certain acts that would otherwise require legislation. Such provision are often made where legislating may be too slow, as for the declaration of emergencies. An example this was the declaration on
7644-485: The section was that it vests command of the military in the governor-general personally, but only to the extent that the power to give orders or call out the military does not require formal advice from the Federal Executive Council but instead the direct advice of the relevant minister. Other powers exist in the Defence Force Act 1903 , such as the power to appoint the chief of the Defence Force , to call out
7735-806: The sovereign to pay state visits on behalf of countries other than the United Kingdom. However, an Australian governor-general did not exercise that right until 1971, when Paul Hasluck visited New Zealand. Hasluck's successor John Kerr made state visits to eight countries, but Kerr's successor Zelman Cowen made only a single state visit – to Papua New Guinea – as he wished to concentrate on travelling within Australia. All subsequent governors-general have travelled widely while in office and made multiple state visits. Occasionally governors-general have made extended tours visiting multiple countries, notably in 2009 when Quentin Bryce visited nine African countries in 19 days. The governor-general accredits (i.e. formally validates) Australia's ambassadors through sending
7826-468: The suburb is one of the more densely populated parts of Sydney, as of 2024 it was reported to have a very high number of inactive dwellings. Kirribilli is one of Australia's older suburbs, with the first land grants in the area being granted by the colonial government during the 1790s. A scattering of Georgian and Gothic-revival houses and mansions were built in the 1830s, '40s and '50s. Most of these have since been razed. Originally, Kirribilli formed part of
7917-471: The two official residences ( Government House in Canberra and Admiralty House in Sydney). Internationally, the governor-general represents Australia by travelling to significant events and by performing and receiving state visits . The governor-general is supported by a staff (of 80 in 2018 ) headed by the official secretary . The governor-general is selected by the prime minister, but formally appointed by
8008-552: Was Lord Casey ; and Sir William McKell was knighted only in 1951, some years into his term, but he was entitled to the style The Honourable during his tenure as premier of New South Wales, an office he held until almost immediately before his appointment). In 1989, Bill Hayden , a republican, declined appointment to the British Privy Council and any imperial honours . From that time until 2014, governors-general did not receive automatic titles or honours, other than
8099-482: Was destroyed by fire in December 1921, along with 30,000 bales of wool. Its engine room, which survived the fire, supplied electricity to customers on the north side of the harbour, until around 1922.The land was sold off in 19 allotments, in 1925, and later redeveloped as blocks of apartments. The Kirribilli area opened up further for development with the completion of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1932, which linked
8190-499: Was incompatible with the Scout Promise . He did however serve as the association's patron during his term of office. While the governor-general is the monarch's representative, as provided by section 2 of the Constitution, the powers they exercise are solely granted by the Constitution. This was not always seen to be the case however, with section 2 also providing that the governor-general may exercise other powers, subject to
8281-466: Was sold in 1995 to a Sydney doctor, having previously carried the Queen during a royal tour and later being pelted with eggs when it carried Sir John Kerr following the Dismissal in 1975. The car was then entered into the almost 15,000 km long Peking to Paris rally, where it became known as "Lizzie's Taxi" and secured fourth place. The car is now owned by Lindsay Fox and is often on display as
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