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39-650: The 146th Division "Ha-Mapatz" , also known as the Ha-Mapatz ("Bang") Formation, is a reserve Division of the Israel Defense Forces . It is subordinate to Northern Command . Formed in 1954, it fought in the Suez Crisis and Six-Day War as the 38th Division. In the latter conflict, the division was led by Major General Ariel Sharon . During the Yom Kippur War , the division fought in

78-529: A mixture of full-time and volunteer officers. The Border Police has four Special forces units: The Yamam ( Hebrew : ימ"מ , an acronym for Centralized Special Unit יחידה מרכזית מיוחדת ‎, Yeḥida Merkazit Meyuḥedet ), also called in Hebrew היחידה המיוחדת ללוחמה בטרור ‎ and Israel's National Counter Terror Unit (I.N.C.T.U.) in English, is Israel's national counter-terrorism unit. The Yamam

117-525: A particularly popular choice for Druze recruits, and also including many soldiers from Circassian , Arab Christian , and Bedouin backgrounds. The Border Police was founded in 1949 as the Frontier Corps ( חיל הספר ‎, Heil HaSfar ), a gendarmerie under the IDF with the task of providing security in rural areas and along the borders. Over the following years, it was gradually transferred to

156-570: A variety of exemptions are available for regular reserve service, though virtually no exemptions exist for reserve duty in a time of crisis. The quota of the total reserve days per soldier is also determined in the Defense Service Law , and is defined as being 36 days per year, which the Israeli Minister of Defense has the authority to extend by a further seven days if necessary (and in special cases which are also defined in

195-470: A variety of other weapons, Ruger S22s , sniper rifles, submachine guns, and shotguns. The Border Police extensively use riot dispersal means such as batons and shields, tear gas canisters, stun grenades , rubber bullets , and water cannons . The Border Police use Sufa , Carkal , Dawid wheeled armored personnel carriers and a variety of patrol cars and vehicles. Several units use motorcycles and ATVs . The Border Police Memorial and Heritage Center

234-552: Is capable of both hostage-rescue operations and offensive takeover raids against terrorist targets in civilian areas. Besides military and counter-terrorism duties, it also performs SWAT duties and undercover police work. The unit operates snipers, police dog (K9) handlers, rappelling teams, EOD experts, paramedics, and undercover operators. YAMAM was formed in 1974 as a response to a wave of Palestinian terrorism. The unit has since carried out thousands of operations, killed hundreds of terrorists, and foiled countless terror attacks. It

273-528: Is getting married. Israel Border Police The Israel Border Police ( Hebrew : מִשְׁמַר הַגְּבוּל , romanized :  Mišmar Ha-Gvul ) is the gendarmerie and border security branch of the Israel National Police . It is also commonly known by its Hebrew abbreviation Magav ( מג"ב ‎), meaning border guard ; its members are colloquially known as magavnikim ( מג"בניקים ‎; singular magavnik ). "Border Guard"

312-587: Is mandatory in Israel, and is considered part of the national ethos . The actual percentage serving in the IDF reserves has significantly dwindled over the years, and nowadays consists mainly of soldiers who served in one of the IDF combat units during their initial compulsory service. All Israelis under the age of 40 who served in the IDF, unless otherwise exempt, are theoretically eligible for reserve duty. Women in non-combat positions are released from this obligation upon

351-610: Is often used as the official name of the Israel Border Police in English. While its main task is securing Israel's borders, it has also been deployed to assist the Israel Defense Forces , and for counter-terrorism and law enforcement operations in the Israeli-occupied West Bank and in Jerusalem . The Israeli Border Police is known to include many soldiers from minority backgrounds, being

390-563: The IDF (at age 18, Israelis can choose to serve in the Border Police instead of the IDF). All border policemen are trained in combat, counter-terrorism , riot control , and police work. Outstanding officers can train as specialists, such as snipers , buggy-drivers, dog operators, or bomb squad members. Because of their combat training, border police are employed in areas with greater risk of riots, violence and terror. They serve mainly in

429-526: The Minister of Defense and approved by the Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee (this mostly includes officials in the medical branch, drivers of heavy equipment, mechanics and technicians ). Although still available for call-up in times of crisis, most men and virtually all women are not called up for reserve duty in any given year, as units do not always call up their reservists every year, and

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468-476: The Shabak . The IDF long denied its existence. The Border Guard also deploys many volunteers. These members serve in regular Border Guard units. The Border Guard relies on volunteer soldiers to reinforce its manpower and help maintain Israel's security needs. The volunteer Border Guard are given special attention in sensitive places like Jerusalem where security threats are highest and sometimes double or even triple

507-572: The Border Guard and serve in their spare time. In 2001, the Israeli NGO B'tselem reported that violence against Palestinians in the occupied territories was widespread among Border Police units. Several cases of abuse, including the breaking of the hand of a three-year-old child, were documented over a short period of months. It added that prosecution of officers who perpetrate such acts was difficult, since Border Police, in contravention of

546-839: The Office of the Prime Minister, such as the Shin Bet and the Mossad . Until the mid-1990s female reservists were very rare in the IDF. Nevertheless, with the opening of many military professions to women, many female soldiers were required to agree to take part in reserve duty after they finish their initial mandatory service in the military as a condition for joining certain positions in the IDF. Women serve until fully exempt from service at age 40, regardless of marital status. Pregnant women, or those with children are given immediate exemption from service, unless they serve in combat roles. In

585-721: The Regional Defense units (הגמ"ר) and in non-military reservist units, and 51 years-of-age for the reservists serving as physicians in their reserve duty. In 2008 the Knesset approved the Reserve Service Law (חוק שירות המילואים, התשס"ח-2008) which came into effect on 1 August 2008. Accordingly, the age of exemption from reserve duty was reduced for all males, and as a result, ever since then it has stood at 40 for all soldiers, 45 for officers, and 49 for reservists who perform certain specific duties defined as such by

624-622: The Reserve Coordination Committee (ולת"ם) who may grant a change to a more convenient time. In addition to calling up candidates for reserve duty involving training, preparation, and operational employment, the IDF might also call up reservists for duty in circumstances of emergency, via a special immediate order called "Decree 8" (צו 8). Since 2001 reserve duty is also performed in the Israel Border Police units. Reserve service also applies for units of

663-473: The appropriate corps color. The Border has several types of uniforms: The first two resemble each other but the Madei Alef is made of higher quality materials in grey while the madei bet is in grey drab. The service uniform for all Border Police personnel is grey. The uniforms consist of a two-pocket shirt, plain or combat trousers , sweater, jacket or blouse, and shoes or boots. The grey fatigues are

702-521: The battles of the northern Golan under Major General Moshe Peled . It was known as 319th division from after the Yom Kipur War to September 2020 when it received its old number. Reserve duty (Israel) Within the IDF's Personnel Directorate , the professional officer in charge of the reserve army is the Commander of Reserve Forces Corps (abbreviated קמל"ר; "Kamlar"), an officer with

741-439: The birth of their first child. However, only those who completed at least 20 days of reserve service in the past three years are considered to be active reservists. In 2015, about 26% of the population eligible for reserve duty had an active reservist status. In the past, the age of exemption from reserve duty by the Defense Service Law (חוק שירות ביטחון [נוסח משולב], התשמ"ו-1986) was 54 for men and 38 for women; nevertheless, it

780-617: The command of the Police and became the Border Police. During these years, it secured new settlements and countered infiltration of Palestinian fedayeen , especially from Egypt and Jordan . During the 1956 Suez War , the Border Police was involved in the Kafr Qasim massacre . On the second day of the war, a curfew was imposed on the Israeli Arab village. Villagers who had worked in the village fields and were apparently unaware of

819-475: The country are in Jerusalem. Jerusalem MAGAV also provides security and conducts military operations, raids, and arrests on Palestinians in cities like Jenin , Nablus , Jericho , Qalqilya , Tulkarm , Ramallah , and Hebron . The number of Border Guards is believed to be about 6,000 soldiers and officers. The Border Police is composed of professional officers on payroll and field policemen redirected from

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858-521: The countryside, in Arab villages and towns (along with the regular police), near the borders and in the West Bank . The Border Police is also responsible for security of rural settlements inside Israel with its Rural Police (Hebrew: שיטור כפרי, shitur kafri ) units and Community Security Coordinators (Hebrew: רב"ש, rabash ). Rural policemen are full-time professional officers and security coordinators are

897-503: The curfew were shot as they returned to the village, resulting in 49 dead. This event was strongly protested by the Israeli public and resulted in a landmark Supreme Court ruling on the obligation of soldiers to disobey manifestly illegal orders. During the 1967 Six-Day War , the Border Police fought alongside the IDF . After the war, it was deployed in the West Bank and Gaza Strip and charged with maintaining law and order as part of

936-535: The events. During the Second Intifada, the Border Police took a large part in the security activity. In 2005, the Border Police participated in the implementation of the Israeli disengagement from Gaza . The Border Police's heaviest area of operation is Jerusalem. Virtually all "soldiers" seen patrolling Jerusalem's streets are Border Guard Police officers. Approximately 20% of all Border Guard personnel in

975-571: The experiences of three IDF reservists after the Six-Day War , who are in charge of stowing various cars commandeered by the military during the war. Other such famous sketches include "Cooks Discourse", in which two veteran reservist cooks meet and reminisce about the period of the establishment of the State of Israel, together with a non-reserve IDF soldier; and "Pagaz Compote" in which a reservist seeks to be exempted from his upcoming duty because he

1014-404: The first four decades following the establishment of the State of Israel, a large part of the Israeli population served in the IDF reserves, and the amount of reserve duty given to each one was relatively high (in most instances one month per year, and sometimes even up to two months per year). As a result, a rich folklore developed surrounding the Israeli reserve service in which the IDF reservist

1053-425: The law they might extend this period yet further for reservists who hold specific jobs and professions). The IDF calls its reservists for duty through a special call-up letter (צו קריאה) containing details of the reserve duty they are obliged to undertake, including the relevant dates and location. In cases where these dates might conflict with the work or school schedule of the reservist, they are allowed to appeal to

1092-493: The law, do not carry tags allowing them to be identified, and registering complaints against them was hindered by numerous bureaucratic obstacles, such as making travel permits to Israeli courts difficult to obtain. Below is a list of current and former Border Police commanders. Border Police ranks are the same as those of the Israel Police and are similarly sworn in: the ranks of police officers and junior officers on

1131-613: The manpower of full-time security forces in a given area. Many of these special Border Guard volunteers are Jewish immigrants who immigrated to Israel from places like the United States , United Kingdom , Canada , Australia , Italy , France , Germany , South Africa , South America , and the former Soviet Union . Volunteer Border Guard members leave behind jobs and families on a regular basis to serve in this combat unit. Some come from cities like Beit Shemesh, Ofrah, Ashkelon, Ra'anana and Haifa. They are not paid for serving in

1170-522: The military administration of Israeli-occupied territories . Since then, a significant portion of the Border Police's activity has been in these territories, especially during the years of the First Intifada and the Second (al-Aqsa) Intifada . In 1974, the counter-terror unit Yamam was established. In the 2000 October Riots , the Border Police was used as the main branch of the treatment in

1209-402: The most famous of these songs is "Pgisha BaMiluim" (פגישה במילואים) by Israeli pop group The High Windows , which gained massive and immediate popularity in Israel upon its release in the 1960s. The prominent Israeli comedy group HaGashash HaHiver also had various skits which focused on the experience of reserve duty in the IDF. One of the most famous of these, "The Drafted Vehicle", portrayed

146th Division (Israel) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-489: The rank of Brigadier General . For many years, reserve service had been implemented under the " Defense Service Law ", but since 1 August 2008 it has been implemented mainly under the "Reserve Service Law". From 2004 onwards Israel has marked "Yom Miluim" ( [National] Reserve Day ) on the Lag BaOmer holiday to promote public sympathy for and appreciation of the soldiers serving in the reserve forces. Reserve service

1287-448: The rigid world of the military. In the mid-2000s the TV series Miluim depicted the experiences of the members of a reserve unit called up for service, taking the viewer through their training, strategy, teamwork, and different missions. A notable feature of Israeli songs dealing with the reserve duty experience is the deeply humorous tone intertwined in describing this way of life. One of

1326-515: The same for winter and summer and heavy winter gear is issued as needed. Women's dress parallels the men's but may substitute a skirt for the trousers. Headgear included a service cap for dress and semi-dress and a field cap or bush hat worn with fatigues. Border Police personnel generally wear green berets in lieu of the service cap. Some units have small variations in their uniforms such as certain Security and Tactical units in Jerusalem who wear

1365-472: The shirt collar, ranks of officers and senior officers on the cover. But in field uniforms, Border Police officers wear rank insignia on a green background worn on epaulets on top of both shoulders or on green epaulets. Border Police branch insignia is worn on the cap or beret. Enlisted grades wear rank insignia on the sleeve, halfway between the shoulder and the elbow. The Border Police British Army style insignia are white with blue interwoven threads backed with

1404-679: The standard IDF olive fatigues. The primary Border Police weapons are the CAR-15 and M-16 rifles, some of which are attached to the M-203 grenade launcher . The Border Police also use standard IDF equipment such as vests and helmets. Special units of Border Police use Glock 17 , Glock 19 , Jericho , or FN HP pistols. Some units, such as the Jerusalem Patrol Unit, carry the Beretta M9-22LR .22LR pistol. Special units use

1443-577: Was awarded five citations of recommendation ( Hebrew : צל"ש ) from the Police Commissioner and one from the IDF Chief of general staff ( Hebrew : צל"ש הרמטכ"ל ). The Yamas is the undercover counter-terror unit. The Yamas is often expected to carry out complex missions with little or no preparation, often involving daylight raids in volatile areas. It does not follow regular military or police command structure and answers directly to

1482-538: Was not possible to call up reservists over 41 years of age who had served in a combat unit in the last 10 years or more, or reserve soldiers over the age of 48 who had served in a combat unit for at least 20 years, unless they gave consent for this to happen. Over the years, the IDF has lowered the maximum age at which male reservists are called for reserve duty service, so that the earliest age of exemption for males has become 40 for regular soldiers, 42 for combat officers, 45 for non-combat officers, 48 for soldiers serving in

1521-420: Was portrayed as a kind soldier, a little lazy, but with a sense of humour, ingenuity and resourcefulness, who served his country from ideological motives. One of the most prominent Israeli films depicting the reserve service experience is Assi Dayan 's 1976 cult comedy Giv'at Halfon Eina Ona . The film depicts the comic situations resulting from the encounter between the reservists' everyday civilian life, and

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