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38-730: Enacted in 1973, the City and County Charter establishes the council's legislative power and responsibility for Honolulu County, including its budget, public safety, zoning and municipal development, and other governmental affairs. Honolulu's first legislative body was the Board of Supervisors of Oʻahu County, established by the Legislature of the Territory of Hawaiʻi via the County Act of 1905. The mayor-council system of municipal government

76-599: A consolidated city-county (also known as either a city-parish or a consolidated government in Louisiana, depending on the locality, or a unified municipality , unified home rule borough , or city and borough in Alaska) is formed when one or more cities and their surrounding county ( parish in Louisiana , borough in Alaska ) merge into one unified jurisdiction. As such it is a type of unitary authority that has

114-467: A U.S. state, the city and county adopted a new charter that reapportioned three seats of the council from at-large to specific rural districts. Changes to the charter in 1973 required all council districts to elect its council members, and set rules for electing the council president and filling vacancies. A 1992 charter amendment limited council members to no more than two consecutive terms, and required council seats to be nonpartisan. It also established

152-472: A former employee of Karen Awana. Tupola won by 65% with 3,859 votes. In 2018, she ran as a candidate in the election for Governor of Hawaii . On August 11, 2018, she won the Republican primary receiving 53.0% of the vote, 17,282 votes. Other candidates John Carroll and Ray L'Heureux received 33.7% and 8.8% respectively. She garnered 33% of the vote in the 2018 general election with 131,719 votes. She

190-403: A limited initiative power to propose bills unrelated to the repeal of taxes, appropriation of money, and other financial activities. The city council presents a bill during the first reading, and refers it to the appropriate committees for review. Upon approval by the assigned committees, the bill is returned to the council for a second reading. After the second reading, the bill is published in

228-459: A majority of the primary vote, the top two face off in November. Every council member must be a qualified elector in the council district from which they are elected or appointed. A member will be removed from office if they move from their district during their term or are impeached via a recall petition signed by a minimum of 10 percent of the registered voters in their district. Members of

266-484: A newspaper; thereafter, a public hearing on the bill is held. Following public comment, the council sends the bill back to the committees for further revision, and, following their approval, sets the bill for its third and final reading. A bill that passes third reading is sent to the Honolulu mayor. The mayor must either approve or veto the bill, which becomes law only after the mayor approves it. The city council has

304-545: A sheriff as required by the Georgia Constitution. These consolidated cities are: Five cities in the Hampton Roads region of Virginia were formed by the consolidation of a city with a county: Chesapeake , Hampton , Newport News , Suffolk , and Virginia Beach (from Norfolk, Elizabeth City, Warwick, Nansemond, and Princess Anne counties, respectively). However, in each case an independent city

342-403: Is Sitka, Alaska . Consolidated city-counties are typically formed to address particular government challenges. Among the benefits of having a unified jurisdiction include potential cost savings, more efficiency, increased legal powers and revenue sources, and a more streamlined planning system. Most consolidated city-counties have a single chief executive who acts as both the city mayor and as

380-537: Is the case in the Atlanta metropolitan area , where the Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC) studies and makes recommendations on the impact of all major construction and development projects on the region, but generally cannot stop them. The Georgia Regional Transportation Authority (GRTA) is a true government agency of the state of Georgia , and does control some state transportation funding to

418-614: The Australian Capital Territory government in Australia performs all municipal functions of the city of Canberra , and thus functions as an integrated city-territory. Similarly, the City of Tokyo merged with the prefecture to form Tokyo metropolis in 1943. In Russia, there are urban districts - territories consisting of a city and nearby settlements united by one mayor's office. As a rule, urban districts are

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456-576: The Honolulu City Council , representing the 1st district since January 2021. She was a Republican member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from 2014 to 2018, representing District 43 (Māʻili, Nānākuli, Ko Olina, Honokai Hale, Kalaeloa, Ewa). In 2015, Tupola served as the minority floor leader for one year. She served as the state house minority leader, making her the first Samoan woman to serve in that position. In 2018 , Tupola

494-516: The Midwest and Upper South have the highest concentration of large consolidated city-county governments in the United States, including Indianapolis, Indiana ; Nashville, Tennessee ; Louisville, Kentucky ; Kansas City, Kansas ; and Lexington, Kentucky . The largest consolidated city-county in the United States by population is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , while the largest by land area

532-583: The City Council elect a chair and vice-chair. The chair serves as speaker, presides over council meetings, and, with the council's approval, performs ministerial functions such as appointing members of the Charter Commission. The council vice-chair serves as presiding officer only when the chair is absent or otherwise cannot serve. The Constitution of the State of Hawaiʻi gives each county

570-569: The Honolulu Board of Water Supply (BWS) and Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transportation (HART). As the legislative branch of the City and County of Honolulu, the city council supervises three offices, two semi-autonomous agencies, and eight committees. City and County of Honolulu Municipal Reference Center. http://www.honolulu.gov/cms-csd-menu/site-csd-sitearticles/18864-municipal-reference-center-resources-online.html Dye, Bob. Hawaiʹi Chronicles II : Contemporary Island History from

608-665: The Pages of Honolulu Magazine. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʹi Press, 1998. Honolulu, Mayor's Office of Information and Complaint. The City and County of Honolulu. Honolulu, 1971. District 1 Andria Tupola District 6 Tyler Dos Santos-Tam District 2 Matt Weyer District 7 Radiant Cordero District 3 Esther Kiaʻāina District 8 Val Okimoto District 4 Tommy Waters District 9 Augie Tulba District 5 Calvin Say Consolidated city-county In United States local government ,

646-536: The capitals of the constituent entities of the Russia and other major cities in the region. In 2020, there were 635 urban districts. In nine consolidated city-county governments in the United States, the formerly independent incorporated places maintain some governmental powers. In these cities, which the United States Census Bureau calls "consolidated cities", statistics are recorded both for

684-419: The cities and counties, but otherwise has very little authority beyond this small power of the purse . The case of New York City is unique, in that the city consists of five boroughs , each of which is co-extensive with a county. Each has its own district attorney; however, county-level government is essentially non-existent as all executive and legislative power is exercised by the city government throughout

722-568: The cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven ). Nearly every larger city in Germany is an independent city, like Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Munich or Dresden; Austria , where the capital of Vienna is both a city and state; France , where the capital city of Paris has been coterminous with the département of Paris since 1968 ; and South Korea , where Seoul is a special city , while six other cities ( Busan , Daegu , Daejeon , Gwangju , Incheon , and Ulsan ) are metropolitan cities . Additionally,

760-402: The city and county both nominally exist, although they have a consolidated government, whereas in an independent city, the county does not even nominally exist. Furthermore, a consolidated city-county may still contain independent municipalities maintaining some governmental powers that did not merge with the rest of the county. Not considering Hawaii , which has no independent municipalities,

798-604: The entire consolidated government and for the component municipalities. A part of the consolidated government is called the "balance", which the Census Bureau defines as "the consolidated city minus the semi-independent incorporated places located within the consolidated city". In Georgia, consolidations often required multiple attempts, changes in procedures, and different local laws in the state legislature. They often did not include some smaller jurisdictions. They also retained characteristics of both types of government, e.g,

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836-922: The five boroughs. The city, as currently constituted, was created in 1898 when the city of New York (then comprising what would become the boroughs of Manhattan and The Bronx ) annexed Kings County, Queens County, and Richmond County as the boroughs of Brooklyn , Queens , and Staten Island , respectively. Similar unitary authority arrangements also exist in other countries. England has six " metropolitan counties " created in 1974: Greater Manchester , Merseyside , South Yorkshire , Tyne and Wear , West Midlands , and West Yorkshire . From 1986, these metropolitan counties do not have county councils but rather joint boards for certain functions. Modern unitary authorities are similar, and are known as county boroughs in Wales . In Scotland, Aberdeen , Dundee , Edinburgh and Glasgow are functionally "independent cities", though

874-514: The governmental powers of both a municipal corporation and a county. A consolidated city-county is different from an independent city , although the latter may result from consolidation of a city and a county and may also have the same powers as a consolidated city-county. An independent city is a city not deemed by its state to be located within the boundary of any county and considered a primary administrative division of its state. A consolidated city-county differs from an independent city in that

912-511: The head of the county government, and a multi-district elected body that serves as both the city council and as the county legislative body. In many states, consolidated city-counties must be approved by voters. According to information compiled by former Albuquerque mayor David Rusk , 105 referendums were held in the United States between 1902 and 2010 to consider proposals to consolidate cities and counties. Only 27 of these proposals were approved by voters. Wyandotte County, Kansas , uses

950-468: The power to directly amend the charter, the council selects six of the 13-member Charter Commission, the agency that conducts the mandatory review of the city charter for each ten-year period. Both the Honolulu mayor and city council members may introduce a "Bill for an Ordinance" for inclusion into the Revised Ordinances of Honolulu, the set of laws governing the county. By law, voters have

988-517: The power to investigate the operations of city agencies and any subjects over which the council exercises legislative control. Given its setting of the city's budget and oversight of its financial activities, the council can order audits of county departments and agencies. The council appoints the city clerk, auditor, and the director of council services. With the mayor's consent, it can also create and appoint officers of semi-autonomous agencies. The city currently oversees two semi-autonomous agencies:

1026-443: The power to “frame and adopt a charter for its own self-government.” The consolidated City and County of Honolulu spans the entire Island of Oahu. Its city council exercises the legislative power of the county government. The county charter grants some executive power to the council: setting real property tax rates; setting, controlling, and auditing the county budget, and; establishing county agencies and commissions. Although it lacks

1064-474: The rule of "decennial reapportionment," which requires the council to appoint a commission to review and reapportion council districts every ten years. Another charter amendment, adopted in 1998, staggered council member terms, with four of the nine members elected in one election, and the remaining five in the next. Beginning in 2002, an appointed city auditor became responsible for city government accountability. The city council has nine members, each of whom

1102-485: The same sort of functions as American consolidated city-counties. One example is the City of Toronto , created in 1998 from the amalgamation of the central government and the six constituent municipalities of the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto (a type of regional municipality ), itself originally created in 1954. In Germany, Berlin and Hamburg are both cities and states (the state of Bremen consists of

1140-542: The term "unified government" to refer to its consolidation with Kansas City, Kansas , and most of the towns within the county boundaries remain separate jurisdictions within the county. Individual sections of a metropolitan or regional municipality may retain some autonomous jurisdiction apart from the citywide government. Often, in place of another level of government, local governments form councils of governments – essentially governmental organizations which are not empowered with any law-making or law enforcement powers. This

1178-523: The term is not used. London is unique however, being a ceremonial county (officially known as Greater London ) containing the 32 London boroughs. Enclaved within Greater London, the ancient City of London forms a distinct county, which today forms only a tiny part of what most consider to be London as a capital city, which takes up 607 square miles. The Canadian province of Ontario contains several single-tier municipalities , which serve

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1216-478: Was created and as such they are not consolidated city-counties. Instead, the Code of Virginia uses the term "consolidated city." Similarly, Carson City was consolidated with Ormsby County, Nevada in 1969, but the county was simultaneously dissolved. The city is now a municipality independent of any county. Andria Tupola Andria P. L. Tupola (born December 6, 1980) is an American politician and member of

1254-528: Was created when the consolidated city-county of Honolulu was established in the city charter adopted by the 1907 territorial legislature. Unlike the current nine-member city council, the original board included seven elected at-large supervisors led by the Mayor of Honolulu . The board of supervisors was renamed the Honolulu City Council in 1955. In 1959, the same year in which Hawaiʻi became

1292-467: Was elected by one of nine council districts that represent the City and County of Honolulu and encompass the entire Island of Oahu. The 2020 reapportionment established the current council districts. The State of Hawaiʻi Office of Elections holds elections of council members during the state's general election period. Members are elected in nonpartisan primary elections held in August. If no candidate wins

1330-776: Was named mother of the year in 2004. Tupola is a 1998 graduate of Kamehameha Schools in Kapālama , Honolulu . In 2005, she earned her bachelor's degree in music education from Brigham Young University . She served a year-and-a-half mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Venezuela. She earned her Master of Arts in music education in from the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in 2011, and completed her PhD in music education in December 2021. In 2014, Tupola

1368-537: Was the Republican nominee for Governor of Hawaii . She garnered 33% of the vote and lost to incumbent Democrat David Ige . Tupola was born at Kahuku hospital to Bode Uale and Beth Parker on the island of Oʻahu . Her father was the first Samoan judge in the United States of America and a third generation immigrant from Samoa. Her mother is the daughter of the Grandmaster of Kenpo Karate, Ed Parker , and

1406-487: Was the youngest candidate and only native woman running for governor as a Republican in the 2018 cycle. In 2020, Tupola competed in the non-partisan election for the District 1 Honolulu City Council Seat against four other candidates including Kathy Davenport, Naomi Hanohano, Galen Kerfoot, and Anthony Makana Paris. Tupola received 53.6% of the votes in the August 8 election, avoiding a runoff election and guaranteeing her

1444-400: Was unopposed for the Republican primary in District 43, winning with 771 votes. In the general election, she faced incumbent Democrat Karen Awana and won with 56% of the vote, unseating the only incumbent in the 2014 general election. In 2016, Tupola was unopposed for the Republican primary in District 43, winning with 747 votes. In the general election, she faced Stacelynn Kehaulani Eli ,

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