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39-619: Horn Lake is a city in DeSoto County , Mississippi , United States. It is located 1.2 mi (1.9 km) south of Memphis, Tennessee . The population was 26,736 at the 2020 census , making it the 13th most populous city in Mississippi . Horn Lake is bordered to the east and southeast by the city of Southaven . U.S Route 51 forms a large portion of Horn Lake's eastern border; it leads north 15 miles (24 km) to downtown Memphis, and south 9 miles (14 km) to Hernando ,

78-774: A full-time staff of about 60 employees in Horn Lake, plus about 160 tournament directors throughout the country. The headquarters also houses the League's Museum, Library and League's Hall of Fame. Three times a year, in the spring, summer, and fall, the ACBL holds the North American Bridge Championships (NABC) using the duplicate bridge method of scoring , which greatly reduces the element of luck in competition. The NABC typically extends over eleven days and includes many different events. The location of

117-432: A household in the city was $ 40,396, and the median income for a family was $ 43,495. Males had a median income of $ 32,595 versus $ 25,045 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,183. About 6.1% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 6.6% of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over. During 2001, Horn Lake annexed several square miles and about 6,000 people to

156-521: A lesser extent Hispanic growth. Revealed Horn Lake was now 56.3% non-Hispanic White (down from 83% in 2000), 33% African-American (up from 12% in 2000), 8% Hispanic, 1% Asian, 0.4% Native American, and 2.3% mixed race. As of the 2000 census , there were 14,099 people, 4,934 households, and 3,754 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,947.5 inhabitants per square mile (751.9/km). There were 5,153 housing units at an average density of 711.8 per square mile (274.8/km). The city's racial makeup

195-805: A treaty in 1832. They were forced to remove to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. Negotiations began in September 1816 between the United States government and the Chickasaw nation and concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Pontotoc in October 1832. During those 16 years, federal officials pressed the Chickasaw for cessions of land to extinguish their land claims to enable white settlement in their territory. Congress passed

234-519: Is a county located on the northwestern border of the U.S. state of Mississippi . As of the 2020 census , the population was 185,314, making it the third-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Hernando . DeSoto County is part of the Memphis metropolitan area . It is the second-most populous county in that statistical area. The county has lowland areas that were developed in

273-558: Is a 41 acres (17 ha) park that features a hiking/walking trail, river overlook, picnic area, and boat launch. It is the only location in DeSoto County with public access to the Mississippi River. Public education in DeSoto County is provided by the DeSoto County School District , the school district for the entire county. It is the state's largest school district. The district is responsible for

312-477: Is a landmark restaurant in the county. Operating since 1947, it is the oldest continually running restaurant in the county. In 2010, it was awarded 'Best Ice Cream in Mississippi' by USA Today. DeSoto County was also previously known as the home of Maywood Beach , a water park that closed in 2003 after more than 70 years of operation. A popular attraction is the DeSoto County Museum located in

351-655: Is also named in his honor. De Soto reportedly died in that area in May 1542, although some accounts suggest that he died near Lake Village, Arkansas . Indian artifacts collected in DeSoto County link it with prehistoric groups of Woodland and Mississippian culture peoples. Members of the Mississippian culture, who built complex settlements and earthwork monuments throughout the Mississippi River Valley and its major tributaries, met Hernando de Soto in

390-419: Is also typical of the pattern of postwar suburban growth in which people who could afford it moved to newer housing in suburbs. Such suburban residential development in the county has been most noticeable in the Mississippi cities of Southaven , Olive Branch , and Horn Lake . Also stimulating development in the formerly rural area is the massive casino/resort complex, in the neighboring Tunica County , which

429-534: Is the sixth-largest gambling district in the United States. DeSoto County, as did most Southern counties, voted predominantly for the Democratic candidate through 1956 . A shift in this pattern took place beginning in 1964 , as with the rest of the Solid South . The only Democrat to take DeSoto County since then has been Jimmy Carter , in his successful 1976 bid. According to the U.S. Census Bureau ,

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468-584: The Laws of Duplicate Bridge (named Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge until 2008), the ACBL offers many other training and information resources at its official website including software supporting education and play of the game, The ACBL has also published the ACBL Bridge Series , a series of books written by Audrey Grant and designed to teach the game to beginners, as well as to help more experienced players review and expand upon their knowledge of

507-814: The American Bridge Association running tournaments in which black people were allowed to play. In 1967, the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) removed the final obstacle to ACBL membership for African-Americans when it included in its by-laws a rule that no person could be denied membership because of race, color, or creed A not-for-profit organization , the ACBL was founded on December 23, 1937 in New York City and later moved its company headquarters to Greenwich, Connecticut , then to Memphis, Tennessee in 1971 and to Horn Lake, Mississippi in 2010. It has

546-700: The Coldwater River . One account said that his body was weighted by chains and that authorities claimed it to be a suicide. In its 2015 report on Lynching in America (2015), the Equal Justice Institute documented 12 lynchings in the county from 1877 to 1950. Most lynchings in the South took place around the turn of the 20th century. Since the late 20th century, DeSoto County has experienced considerable suburban development related to

585-547: The Indian Removal Act in 1830, authorizing forcible removal if necessary to extinguish Native American claims in the Southeast. From 1832 to 1836, government surveyors mapped the 6,442,000 acres (26,070 km ) of the Chickasaw domain and divided it into townships, ranges and sections. The Mississippi Legislature formed 10 new counties, including DeSoto, Tunica, Marshall, and Tate, from the territory. By treaty,

624-633: The National Park Service has designated a "DeSoto Corridor" from Coahoma County, Mississippi to the Chickasaw Bluff in Memphis. The Mississippian culture declined and disappeared, and in most areas this preceded European contact. Scholars speculate this may have followed changes in the environment. The town named Chicasa , which De Soto visited, was probably the ancestral home of the historical Chickasaw , who are descended from

663-498: The 19th century for cotton plantations, and hill country in the eastern part of the county. DeSoto County, Mississippi, was formally established February 9, 1836. The original county lines included territory now part of Tate County , which was carved out in 1873. The county is named for Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto , the first European explorer known to reach the Mississippi River . The county seat, Hernando,

702-455: The ACBL. Most players value the increase in their masterpoint total as a measure of their success at the game. Unlike the Elo rating system developed for chess , the masterpoint system is strictly one of accumulation. A player's masterpoint total can never decline except as part of a penalty imposed for ethics violations. Members receive the monthly Bridge Bulletin magazine. In addition to

741-472: The Civil War, the area was developed as large plantations by planters for cultivation of cotton, a leading commodity crop. Before the Civil War, they had depended on the labor of thousands of enslaved African Americans. After the war and emancipation, many freedmen stayed in the area, but shaped their own lives by working on small plots as sharecroppers or tenant farmers, rather than on large labor gangs on

780-520: The DeSoto County seat. Interstate 55 passes just east of Horn Lake, with access from Exits 287,289 and 901. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 16.320 square miles (42.27 km), of which 16.025 square miles (41.50 km) is land and 0.295 square miles (0.76 km), or 1.98%, is water. As of the 2020 census , there were 26,736 people, 9,645 households, and 6,748 families residing in

819-675: The French established several small settlements among them. However, France ceded its claim to territories east of the Mississippi River to Britain in 1763, after having been defeated in the Seven Years' War . The United States acquired the area from the British as part of the treaty that ended the American Revolution . The Chickasaw finally ceded most of their land to the United States under pressure during Indian Removal , and

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858-420: The Mississippian culture. They had lived in the area for centuries before white settlers began arriving. Present-day Pontotoc, Mississippi developed near the Chickasaw "Long Town", which was composed of several villages near each other. The Chickasaw Nation regarded much of western present-day Tennessee and northern Mississippi as their traditional hunting grounds. The Chickasaw traded furs for French goods, and

897-546: The NABC is rotated among major cities, attended by thousands of players. The 2009 Summer Nationals in Washington, DC had 14,115 total tables played over the 11 days. For many, the most significant role of the ACBL is its sanctioning of club games and tournaments to award masterpoints . If an event has the ACBL sanction, then the highest-finishing players are awarded specified numbers of masterpoints, which can be recorded with

936-405: The city. The population density was 1,668.4 inhabitants per square mile (644.2/km). There were 10,283 housing units. As of the 2010 census , there were 26,066 people, 9,052 households, and _ families residing in the city. The population density was 1,627.4 inhabitants per square mile (628.3/km). There were 9,705 housing units. Horn Lake has experienced substantial African-American growth and to

975-463: The county has a total area of 497 square miles (1,290 km ), of which 476 square miles (1,230 km ) is land and 21 square miles (54 km ) (4.2%) is water. While there is no fixed-route transit within the county, Memphis Area Transit Authority , Amtrak , Greyhound Lines , Megabus and Delta Bus Lines serve nearby Memphis. As of the 2020 United States Census , there were 185,314 people, 65,220 households, and 47,230 families residing in

1014-427: The county seat of Hernando. The museum is open Tuesday through Saturday from 10–5. Admission is free but donations are encouraged. Exhibits include displays on Hernando DeSoto, Civil War history, French colonial and American antebellum homes of the county, civil rights, and the history of each of the county's municipalities. An eighteenth-century French colonial log house (see photo to the right) has been preserved from

1053-418: The county. As of the 2013 U.S.census estimates, there were 168,240 people living in the county. 70.3% were non-Hispanic White , 21.5% Black or African American , 1.6% Asian , 2.6% Native American , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 5.0% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). The median income for a family was $ 66,377 and the mean income was $ 75,875. DeSoto County has the highest median income in Mississippi and

1092-594: The food processing and service industries. The headquarters of the American Contract Bridge League are in Horn Lake, along with a related Hall of Fame, museum, and library. The "Elvis Ranch", a 154.5-acre (62.5 ha) ranch owned by Elvis Presley during the last decade of his life, is in Horn Lake. Horn Lake is served by the DeSoto County School District . [REDACTED] Media related to Horn Lake, Mississippi at Wikimedia Commons DeSoto County, Mississippi DeSoto County

1131-476: The growth of Memphis. As part of the Memphis , Tennessee metropolitan area, the early-21st-century DeSoto County has become one of the 40 fastest-growing counties in the United States . That is attributed to suburban development as middle-class and wealthier blacks leave Memphis to acquire newer housing and commute to Memphis for work. Some observers have characterized the shift as black flight , but it

1170-476: The land was assigned by sections of 640 acres (2.6 km ) to individual Indian households. The Chickasaw, a numerically small tribe, were assigned 2,422,400 acres (9,803 km ) of land by using that formula. The government declared the remainder as surplus and disposed of the remaining 400,000 acres (1,600 km ) at public sale. The Indians received at least $ 1.25 per acre for their land. The government land sold for 75 cents per acre or less. During and after

1209-597: The late 1960s, after the passage of federal legislation. During the Great Depression , the Southern Tenant Farmers Union was organized in 1934. It was open to both black and white sharecroppers and worked to gain better deals and fair accounting from local white landowners. Whites in DeSoto County resisted the effort. In 1935, a white lynch mob attacked early union organizer and minister Reverend T. A. Allen, shot him, and threw him into

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1248-403: The mid-16th century when he explored what is now North Mississippi. By tradition, he is believed to have traveled with his expedition through present-day DeSoto County. Some scholars speculate that de Soto discovered the Mississippi River west of present-day Lake Cormorant, built rafts there, and crossed to present-day Crowley's Ridge , Arkansas. Based on records of the expedition and archeology,

1287-671: The operation of eight high schools, eight middle schools, three intermediate (Grades 3–5) and numerous primary schools. 34°53′N 89°59′W  /  34.88°N 89.99°W  / 34.88; -89.99 American Contract Bridge League As of 2018 , it had more than 165,000 members. The ACBL was created in 1937 by the merger of the American Bridge League and the United States Bridge Association in 1937. At that time, its bridge tournaments were open only to white people, with

1326-498: The plantations. Reliance on agriculture meant that the area did not develop much economically well into the 20th century, and both whites and blacks suffered economically. In 1890, the state legislature disenfranchised most blacks under the new constitution, which used poll taxes and literacy tests to raise barriers to voter registration. In the early 20th century, many people left the rural county for cities to gain other opportunities. Most blacks could not vote in Mississippi until

1365-457: The second highest mean income after Madison County . According to the 2000 census , the largest self-identified ancestry groups in DeSoto County were English 53.1%, Scots-Irish 15.1%, African 11.4%, and Irish 4.5%. Since then the percentage of African-American population in the county has nearly doubled, as the total county population has also grown. DeSoto County is known for its golf courses. Velvet Cream, known as 'The Dip' by locals,

1404-454: The time of French trading and settlement along the Mississippi. This house is similar in style to several French colonial houses preserved in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri , where many French settled after France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain following its defeat in the Seven Years' War . Hernando DeSoto Park , located on Bass Road 6 mi (9.7 km) west of Walls ,

1443-695: The west of the city's former borders. But, in 2011, the Mississippi Supreme Court blocked the annexation of the Town of Walls because, as the Court explained, the City of Horn Lake was experiencing economic problems, did not satisfy the requirements for annexation, and therefore did not have a need to expand. Horn Lake is the site of a plant owned by Chicago -based Newly Weds Foods, which manufactures food coatings, seasonings, and other ingredients for

1482-449: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.22. In the city, the population was spread out, with 32.6% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 36.5% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 4.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males. The median income for

1521-563: Was 83.0% White , 12.3% African American , 0.9% Asian , 0.5% Native American , <0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.2% from other races , and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 4.3% of the population. There were 4,934 households, out of which 47.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.9% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.6% had someone living alone who

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