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35-495: The Haitinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences was founded in 1904 by the chemist and factory director, Ludwig Camillo Haitinger (1860–1945), who created the award in honor of his father, Karl Ludwig Haitinger. From 1905 to 1943 it was awarded every year, for "studies in chemistry and physics that proved to be of great practical use for industrial applications". The prize

70-730: A steady income; during this time, he worked in Zell am See for the Salzburg provincial government ( Salzburger Landesregierung ) and the American military government ( amerikanische Militärregierung ) on dust protection devices ( Staubschutzgeräten ). In 1949, he did pioneering work on an optical dust measuring device ( optisches Staubmessgerät ) for the German Coal Mining Association ( deutschen Steinkohlenbergbauverein ). Stetter's dismissal from his university positions

105-729: Is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research. In 1713, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz suggested to establish an Academy, inspired by the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences . The "Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien"

140-633: The Universität Wien (University of Venna). He received his doctorate in 1922. Upon receipt of his doctorate, Stetter became a teaching assistant at the II. Physikalische Institut der Wiener Universität (Second Physics Institute of the University of Vienna). The close association of the II. Physikalische Institut with the Institut für Radiumforschung ( Institute for Radium Research ) of

175-733: The Acoustics Research Institute , the Space Research Institute and the Institute for High Energy Physics (HEPHY), Wien . During his term as president of the academy (1991–2003), Werner Welzig initiated the establishment of the Galerie der Forschung (English: Gallery of Research). In 2005 the Gallery organised its pilot event "Mapping controversies: the case of the genetically modified food", which

210-714: The German nuclear energy project , also known as the Uranverein (Uranium Club), started under the Reichsforschungsrat (RFR, Reich Research Council) of the Reichserziehungsministerium (REM, Reich Ministry of Education). The Heereswaffenamt (HWA, Army Ordnance Office) soon squeezed out the RFR and started the formal German nuclear energy project under military auspices. Military control of

245-653: The II. Physikalische Institut .In 1940, he became a Corresponding Member of the Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Austrian Academy of Sciences). He was also the Director of the Vereins zur Förderung des physikalischen und chemischen Unterrichts (Association for the Promotion of Teaching Physics and Chemistry). Stetter also joined the Nazi Party . Soon after the discovery of nuclear fission in 1939,

280-798: The Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (which is operated in cooperation with Boehringer Ingelheim ), the Gregor Mendel Institute , the Aithyra Institute for biomedical Artificial Intelligence, the Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM), Linz , the Research Center for Molecular Medicine , the Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science , the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information ,

315-713: The Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut für Physik (KWIP, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics, after World War II the Max Planck Institute for Physics ), in Berlin-Dahlem , was placed under HWA authority, with Diebner as the administrative director, and the military control of the nuclear research commenced. On 14 June 1939, Stetter submitted a secret patent to the Deutschen Reichspatentamt (German Reich Patent Office) for

350-644: The Uranverein was initiated on 1 September 1939, the day World War II began, and the first meeting was held on 16 September 1939. The meeting was organized by Kurt Diebner , advisor to the HWA, and held in Berlin. The invitees included Walther Bothe , Siegfried Flügge , Hans Geiger , Otto Hahn , Paul Harteck , Gerhard Hoffmann , Josef Mattauch , and Georg Stetter. A second meeting was held soon thereafter and included Klaus Clusius , Robert Döpel , Werner Heisenberg , and Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker . Also at this time,

385-680: The Österreichische Ehrenkreuz für Wissenschaft und Kunst I. Klasse (Austrian Honorary Cross for Science and Art, First Class). Reports were published in Kernphysikalische Forschungsberichte ( Research Reports in Nuclear Physics ), an internal publication of the German Uranverein . The reports were classified Top Secret, they had very limited distribution, and the authors were not allowed to keep copies. The reports were confiscated under

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420-518: The Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften ( ÖAW , Austrian Academy of Sciences ) in Vienna brought Stetter in close contact with nuclear physics. Stetter's pioneering work in the use of electronics to measure the energy of nuclear particles earned him the Haitingerpreis ( Haitinger Prize ) of the ÖAW in 1926. He completed his Habilitation at the University in 1928. In 1935, he became

455-594: The Österreichischen Staub-(und Silikose) Bekämpfungsstelle (Austrian Dust and Silikosis Prevention Agency). At this agency, he came in contact with the problems of industrial hygiene and air pollution. In 1962, Stetter became a full Member of the Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Austrian Academy of Sciences). In that same year, the Austrian Academy of Sciences established their Kommission für Reinhaltung der Luft (Commission for Clean Air), and Stetter served as chairman from 1962 to 1985. Stetter

490-665: The 'old school' " . Química Nova . 31 (7): 1901–1908. doi : 10.1590/S0100-40422008000700053 . Rentetzi, Maria (2008). Trafficking materials and gendered experimental practices: radium research in early 20th century Vienna . New York City, New York: Columbia University Press . ISBN   978-0-231-13558-0 . Rosner, Robert W. (2003). Marietta Blau - Sterne der Zertrümmerung: Biographie einer Wegbereiterin der modernen Teilchenphysik . Vienna, Austria: Böhlau Verlag. ISBN   978-3-205-77088-6 . Tanner, R.I.; Walters, K. (1998). Rheology: An Historical Perspective: An Historical Perspective . Amsterdam,

525-693: The Academy of Knowledge. Mathematical and natural science class (Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften), which was founded in 1850. Georg Stetter In 1914, Stetter studied at the Technische Hochschule Wien (today, the Technische Universität Wien ). After one semester, he volunteered for military service. He began his service with the Radiodetachement des Kampftruppen und Kampfverbände Telegraphenregiments St. Pölten (Radiodetachement of

560-564: The Combat Troops and Battle Units Telegraph Regiment St. Pölten). Later he was transferred to the leadership of a field radio station. Among other awards for his military service, he received the Goldenes Militär-Verdienstkreuz ( Golden Military Merit Cross ). His service awakened in him interest in electromagnetic waves and electronics. In 1919, after World War I , Stetter studied physics and mathematics at

595-1111: The Netherlands: Elsevier. ISBN   978-0-08-054057-3 . Volk, Greg (2012). 19th Natural Philosophy Alliance Proceedings . Vol. 9. Eagan, Minnesota: Natural Philosophy Alliance. ISBN   978-1-105-95509-9 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haitinger_Prize&oldid=1247020047 " Categories : Awards established in 1904 Organisations based in Vienna Austrian Academy of Sciences Chemistry awards Physics awards 1904 establishments in Austria-Hungary Hidden categories: CS1 German-language sources (de) All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016 CS1: long volume value Austrian Academy of Sciences The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften ; ÖAW )

630-735: The Nobel Prize winners Julius Wagner-Jauregg , Victor Francis Hess , Erwin Schrödinger and Konrad Lorenz . Anton Zeilinger , predecessor of the academy's incumbent president, is Nobel Prize laureate in physics 2022. The academy operates 25 research institutes. In 2012, a reorganization prompted the outsourcing of various institutes to universities as well as mergers. The academy's institutes are split into two major divisions, one for mathematics and natural sciences ( mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse ) and one for humanities and social sciences ( philosophisch-historische Klasse ). In

665-923: The President of the Wiener Chemisch-Physikalischen Gesellschaft (Vienna Chemico-Physical Society). In 1937, he became Vertreter des Gauvereins Österreich im Vorstand der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft (Austrian District Association representative of the Board of the German Physical Society ). In 1938, he became a member of the Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher (German Academy of Natural Scientists) in Halle. In 1939, he became an ordentlicher Professor (ordinarius professor) and Director of

700-589: The corotational rates known as “Jaumann derivatives” 1912 Albert Defant for atmospheric physics and weather research Wilhelm Schmidt for research on microclimatology 1913 Franz Faltis for research on opiates, particularly morphine Otto Hönigschmid for measurement of atomic mass 1914 Karl Przibram for studies on the electrical charge of fog particles 1915 Heinrich Mache for absolute measurement method of radioactivity 1916 Emil Abel for catalysis research 1917 Felix Ehrenhaft for photophoresis and effects on

735-603: The discovery of electrolyte effect of alloys Ludwig Moser for quantitative rules for metals 1926 Georg Stetter for using electronics to measure the energy of nuclear particles 1927 Moritz Kohn for organic chemistry J. Lindner for organic chemistry 1928 Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Kohlrausch for the law of independent migration of ions 1929 Fritz Feigel for his techniques in analytical chemistry L. Schmid for organic chemistry 1931 Ewald Schmidt for research on radioactivity 1932 Otto Redlich for research on

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770-840: The field of humanities , there are the Institute for the Study of Ancient Culture , which is well known for the analysis of excavation results in Carnuntum and Ephesos , the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research , focusing on montology , the Institute of Culture Studies and Theatre History , and the Vienna Institute of Demography , among others. The academy conducts socio-cultural research in Tibetan-speaking Himalayas, Tibet, and central Asia. Facilities that focus on natural sciences include

805-505: The generation of energy through nuclear fission. The patent described a heterogeneous, moderated reactor, which would later be used widely. On 30 June 1958, the patent was re-registered in Austria, and it ran to 14 June 1971, when it was purchased by the Österreichischen Studiengesellschaft für Atomenergie (Austrian Society for the Study of Atomic Energy). As a participant in the Uranverein , Stetter prepared reports with Karl Lintner on

840-472: The inelastic dispersion of fast neutrons. Circa 1942, Stetter led a group of six physicists and physical chemists in measuring atomic constants and neutron cross sections, as well as investigating transuranic elements . In 1943, when he additionally became Director of the Institut für Neutronenforschung (Institute for Neutron Research), the II. Physikalische Institut and the Institut für Neutronenforschung were then under Stetter's unified directorship. Due to

875-864: The interaction of light with particles 1918 Wolfgang Joseph Pauli (the father of the Nobel laureate Wolfgang Ernst Pauli ) for his research on the chemistry of colloids. 1919 Max Bamberger Julius Zellner 1920 Erwin Schrödinger for fundamentals of color theory Hans Thirring for studies on general relativity 1921 Alfons Klemenc for studies on electrochemistry 1922 Alois Zinke for condensed ring systems Anton Kailan for research on radium and ultraviolet radiation 1923 Adolph Smekal for research on quantum theory of dispersion 1924 Franz Aigner for underwater sound navigation Gerhard Kirsch for research on nuclear physics and geologic time measurement 1925 Robert Kremann for

910-417: The mid-1960s onwards it became the country's leading institution in the field of non-university basic research. The academy is also a learned society , and its past members have included Theodor Billroth , Ludwig Boltzmann , Christian Doppler , Anton Eiselsberg , Otto Hittmair , Paul Kretschmer , Hans Horst Meyer , Albert Anton von Muchar , Julius von Schlosser , Roland Scholl , Eduard Suess and

945-3710: The original (PDF) on 5 March 2016 . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ Scheuble, Rudolf (21 March 1908). "Candle Emitting a Colored Light" (PDF) . Washington, DC: US Patent Office . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ "Scientific Notes and News" . Science . 26 (654). Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science: 60–63. 12 July 1907. Bibcode : 1907Sci....26...60. . doi : 10.1126/science.26.654.60 . JSTOR   1632366 . ^ O'Connor, J J; Robertson, E F (November 2006). "Marian Smoluchowski" . School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Tanner & Walters 1998 , p. 37. ^ "Defant, Albert Joseph Maria" . Charles Scribner's Sons: Encyclopedia. 2008 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ "Schmidt, Wilhelm, *1883" (in German). Österreich-Lexikon . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ "National Institutes of Health Bulletin, September 1920" . Mocavo . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Birckenbach, Lothar (1949). "Otto Hönigschmid 1878–1945". Chemische Berichte (in German). 82 (4–5). Vienna, Austria: Wiley-VCH Verlag: XI–LXV. doi : 10.1002/cber.19490820423 . ^ Pohl 2004 , p. 264. ^ "Hall of Fame: Heinrich Mache" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Technische Universität Wien. 18 December 2015 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Angetter & Martischnig 2005 , p. 22. ^ Moore 1992 , p. 122. ^ Thirring, H. (1918). "Über die Wirkung rotierender ferner Massen in der Einsteinschen Gravitationstheorie". Physikalische Zeitschrift (in German). 19 : 33–39. Bibcode : 1918PhyZ...19...33T . ^ Blumesberger, Doppelhofer & Mauthe 2002 , p. 690. ^ Killy 2006 , p. 710. ^ "Kailan, Anton (1879–1939), Chemiker" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2003 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Höflechner, Walter (2010). "Smekal, Adolf Gustav Stephan" (in German). Neue Deutsche Biographie . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Angetter & Martischnig 2005 , p. 1. ^ Angetter & Martischnig 2005 , p. 64. ^ "Kremann, Robert (1879–1937), Chemiker" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2003 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ "Moser, Ludwig (1879–1930), Chemiker" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2003 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Angetter & Martischnig 2005 , p. 140. ^ Rentetzi 2008 , p. 223. ^ Rosner 2003 , p. 32. ^ "Kratky, Otto" (in German). Austria-Forum . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Angetter & Martischnig 2005 , p. 9. ^ "Vienna Academy of Sciences: Prize Awards" . Nature . 143 (3616). London, England: Nature Publishing Group: 298. 18 February 1939. Bibcode : 1939Natur.143R.298. . doi : 10.1038/143298b0 . ^ "Berta Karlik" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Universität Wien Projekt Lise. 2010 . Retrieved 10 January 2016 . Sources [ edit ] Angetter, Daniela; Martischnig, Michael (2005). "Biografisches Handbuch österreichischer Physiker und Physikerinnen" . Biografien österreichischer (Physiker)innen: Eine Auswahl . Vienna, Austria: Österreichischen Staatsarchiv. Archived from

980-1176: The original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . Blumesberger, Susanne; Doppelhofer, Michael; Mauthe, Gabrielle, eds. (2002). Handbuch österreichischer Autorinnen und Autoren jüdischer Herkunft: 18. bis 20. Jahrhundert . München, Germany: K. G. Saur. ISBN   978-3-11-094900-1 . Killy, Walther (2006). Dictionary of German Biography . Vol. 10: Thibaut - Zycha. München, Germany: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN   978-3-11-096116-4 . Moore, Walter J. (1992). Schrödinger: Life and Thought . Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-43767-7 . Pohl, W. Gerhard (2004). Die wissenschaftliche Welt von gestern: die Preisträger des Ignaz L. Lieben-Preises 1865-1937 und des Richard Lieben-Preises 1912-1928 : ein Kapitel österreichischer Wissenschaftsgeschichte in Kurzbiografien (in German). Vienna, Austria: Böhlau Verlag Wien. ISBN   978-3-205-77303-0 . Reif-Acherman, Simón (2008). "Otto Redlich: chemist and gentleman from

1015-1306: The properties of water and aqueous solutions 1933 Elizabeth Rona for her method of extracting polonium Berta Karlik for her work on luminescence 1935 Joseph Mattauch for development of the Mattauch isobar rule 1936 Otto Kratky for studies on colloidal particles 1937 Marietta Blau and Hertha Wambacher for the identification of alpha-particles and protons 1939 Herbert Haberlandt for luminescence of fluorites 1947 Berta Karlik for her discovery of Astatine See also [ edit ] List of chemistry awards List of physics awards References [ edit ] ^ Ronge, Grete (1966). "Haitinger, Ludwig Camillo" (in German). Neue Deutsche Biographie . Retrieved 9 January 2016 . ^ Reif-Acherman 2008 , p. 1907. ^ Reif-Acherman 2008 , p. 1902. ^ Volk 2012 , p. 533. ^ Dazinger, Walter (27 January 2014). "Preisträger des Haitinger-Preises 1905–1936" (PDF) (in German). Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie, Vienna, Austria: Die Ignaz-Lieben-Gesellschaft Verein zur Förderung der Wissenschaftsgeschichte. p. 5. Archived from

1050-731: The war, the institutes set up the Aussenstelle Thumersbach (Thumersbach Branch Office) near Zell am See , Salzburg . It was there that Stetter conducted his first research on cosmic radiation . In 1945, during the occupation of Austria by the Allied powers, Stetter was dismissed from his positions at the University of Vienna, because of his membership in the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist Workers Party). From 1946 to 1948, he did not have

1085-694: Was an honorary member of the Österreichischen Physikalischen Gesellschaft (Austrian Physical Society) and the Chemisch Physikalischen Gesellschaft (Chemico-Physical Society). In 1966 he was awarded the Schrödinger-Preis (Schrödinger Prize) of the ÖAW . Stetter achieved emeritus status on 30 September 1967. In 1971, he received the Ehrenmedaille der Stadt Wien (Honorary Medal of the City of Vienna) and in 1986

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1120-524: Was awarded for the last time in the year 1954. Winners [ edit ] 1905 Friedrich Hasenöhrl for electromagnetic theory 1906 F. Ratz Rudolf Scheuble for candles which burn in color 1907 Robert Kremann for research on esters 1908 Marian Smoluchowski for theoretical investigation of Brownian motion 1909 F. Haiser F. Wenzel 1910 Anton Skrabal for research on kinetic reactions of potassium permanganate 1911 Gustav Jaumann for authoring

1155-401: Was finally established by Imperial Patent on 14 May 1847. The academy soon began extensive research. In the humanities the academy started with researching and publishing important historical sources of Austria. Research in natural science also covered a wide variety of topics. The 1921 federal law guaranteed the legal basis of the academy in the newly founded First Austrian Republic . From

1190-667: Was staged in the Alte Aula in Vienna. Via its Austrian Academy of Sciences Press imprint, the academy publishes Medieval Worlds: Comparative & Interdisciplinary Studies , a biannual peer-reviewed open access academic journal covering Medieval studies . Other publications are the Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum and eco.mont – Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management . Also Memoranda of

1225-546: Was waived by the Liquidator (Liquidator) in 1948 and by the Verwaltungsgerichtshof (Administrative Court) in 1950. After the death of Felix Ehrenhaft in 1952, Stetter was appointed ordinarius professor and Director of the I. Physikalische Institut der Wiener Universität (First Physics Institute of the University of Vienna), where he started aerosol research. From 1955 to 1957, he was appointed head of

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