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30-532: Nowadays, Halych is a small town located only on one part of the territory of the former Galician capital, although it has preserved its name. It belongs to Ivano-Frankivsk Raion ( district ) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast ( region ). It hosts the administration of Halych urban hromada , one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Halych lies 26 km (16 mi) north of the oblast capital, Ivano-Frankivsk . Population: 6,086 (2022 estimate). The city's name, though spelled identically in modern East Slavic languages (Галич),

60-506: Is a raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast , Ukraine . It was created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The center of the raion is the city of Ivano-Frankivsk . Five abolished raions, Bohorodchany , Halych , Rohatyn , Tlumach , and Tysmenytsia Raions , as well as Ivano-Frankivsk and Burshtyn Municipalities , were merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion. Population: 556,104 (2022 estimate). At

90-597: Is not supported by serious scholars. Similarly, another curious date for the first written mention, 290 AD (with a reference to " Getica " by Goth Jordanes ) is not accepted by majority. The most comprehensive records about Halych are found in the Hypatian Codex of the Primary Chronicle . The Old Halych is also being referred to as Princely Halych ( Ukrainian : Княжий Галич , Knyazhyi Halych) in some Ukrainian sources in order to distinguish it from

120-753: Is pronounced Halych in Ukrainian and Galich in Russian . The Russian transliteration should not be confused with the Russian town of Galich . In Polish the name is rendered Halicz ; in the Yiddish language Helitsh or Heylitsh (העליטש); in Latin , Galic ; in Hungarian , Halics ; in Romanian , Halici . Local folk legend would have it that the name "Halych" comes from a legendary "Prince Halychyna",

150-705: Is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church , with his feast being on 4 October. In state affairs, he was assisted by the voivode Vyshata and the bishop Luka Zhidiata . In 1042, Vladimir may have been in conflict with Finns , according to some interpretations even making a military campaign in Finland. In the next year he led the Russian armies against the Byzantine emperor Constantine IX . He predeceased his father by two years and

180-637: The Conference of Ambassadors recognized permanent Polish control over eastern part of former Galicia. Until the Soviet invasion of Poland , Halicz belonged to Stanisławów Voivodeship , in which it was the seat of a county. In the beginning of July 1941, the town was occupied by Germans. The Jewish community was large. Most of the Jews lived in the town center on the right bank of the Dniester River. In

210-460: The 17th century and controversially reconstructed in the 1990s. The archaeological excavations (1989–2005 under direction of Yuri Lukomsky) at the terrains of Krylos and Halych continue. Gradually, old Halych depopulated to the point that its only mid-14th-century inhabitants were the Metropolitan of Halych and his staff. The present-day town is situated about 5 kilometres (3 miles) away from

240-576: The 750th anniversary of that prince's coronation as the king of Ruthenia . In 1349, following the death of Duke Bolesław Jerzy II of Mazovia and the Galicia–Volhynia Wars , Halych was annexed by Polish King Casimir III the Great . In 1367, it was granted Magdeburg rights , and in the same year, a Roman Catholic Diocese was established here. Five years later, Pope Gregory XI created in Avignon

270-541: The 7th and 8th centuries BCE.. Local officials attribute the first written mention of Halych to the year 896. This date is supported by a record found in the Gesta Hungarorum , court chronicles of the Hungarian king Béla III dating from the beginning of the 13th century. The chronicles describe a stay of Hungarian tribes led by Prince Álmos in Halych on their way through Slavic land to Pannonia . The claim

300-682: The Archdiocese of Halicz, which controlled the Dioceses of Kholm (Chełm) , Peremyshl (Przemyśl) and Volodymyr-Volynskyi (Włodzimierz Wołyński) . In 1409, the Archdiocese was moved to Lviv. After King Casimir's death (1370), Louis I , King of Poland and Hungary subjected Red Ruthenia to the authority of Hungarian-appointed starostas , overlooked by Duke Vladislaus II of Opole , Palatine of Hungary . Hungarians remained in Halich until 1387, when Queen Jadwiga of Poland removed them and re-annexed

330-516: The Principality in 1188—before going extinct in 1199. The same year Roman the Great founded the new Rurikid dynasty, uniting Halychyna and Volhynia into the more powerful principality of Halych-Volhynia . In 1141 Prince ( knyaz ) Volodymyrko Volodarovych (1104–1152) who united the competing principalities of Przemyśl , Zvenyhorod and Terebovlya into the state of Halychyna transferred his capital from Zvenyhorod to Halych making it

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360-602: The Tatars at Martynów, near Halicz. In 1649, Halicz was once again destroyed by Cossacks of Bohdan Khmelnytsky , further destruction took place in 1676, during the Polish–Ottoman War (1672–76) . In 1765, Halicz had 110 houses and 3 churches, and Franciszek Ksawery Potocki serving as local starosta . The town was seized by Austrian troops in 1772, and remained part of the Habsburg Empire until late 1918. In 1870,

390-563: The West, had been transferred further north-east . The builders of temples in Halych are believed to have also been responsible for the extant Pereslavl Cathedral and Church of Intercession upon Nerl . The foundations of the Assumption Cathedral (1157) are still to be seen. The only surviving medieval church is that of Saint Pantaleon , originally constructed at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries, but significantly rebuilt in

420-485: The ancient capital of Halychyna, on the spot where the old town's riverport used to be located and where prince Lubart of Lithuania constructed his wooden castle in 1367. Its main historical monument is the church dedicated to the Nativity of Mary . Originally built at the turn of the 14th and 15th century, it was restored in 1825. Also of interest is an equestrian monument to Danylo of Halych , opened in 2003 to mark

450-777: The area into Poland. In the Kingdom of Poland, Halich remained one of main administrative centers of the Ruthenian Voivodeship . In 1564, the Sejm in Warsaw created a sejmik in Halicz, which ruled over the Ziemia of Halicz, including the powiats of Halicz, Trembowla and Kolomyja . During the Polish–Ottoman War (1620–21) , Halicz was burned by Crimean Tatars (1621), and in 1624, Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski defeated

480-515: The cathedral (the second largest mediaeval church on the territory of present-day Ukraine , smaller only to St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv), suggests that ancient Halych was the seat of a diocese . Most likely the cathedral was built in 1157 and destroyed in 1241 by hordes of Batu Khan , then rebuilt again and last time mentioned in 1576. It is believed that the early Halychian architectural style, thoroughly permeated with Romanesque influences from

510-523: The contemporary city. Today Old Halych as a settlement of the Old Ruthenia (Rus) is an archaeological landmark on a territory of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast . Located in confluence of Dniester and its tributaries, the Old Halych appeared on the basis of several early settlements and trading sites of White Croats , that in 12–13th centuries were merged into one urban-like system. The central part of

540-518: The descendants of the Yaroslaviches triumvirate (Iziaslav, Sviatoslav, and Vsevolod). Three of Vladimir's younger brothers Izyaslav I , Svyatoslav II and Vsevolod I all reigned in Kiev, while other two (Igor and Vyacheslav) died in their early twenties after which their lands were split between the Yaroslaviches triumvirate. Coincidentally, Vyshata of Novgorod pledged his support to Rostislav in

570-451: The fall of 1941 or 1942, 1,000 Jews were murdered in a mass execution. Some 20–30 Jews were drowned in the river. After World War II , its Polish residents were resettled to the so-called Recovered Territories . On 8 February 1994, Ancient Halych preserve has been created to preserve and promote the architectural sites in Halych of 11th–17th centuries. Until 18 July 2020, Halych was the administrative center of Halych Raion . The raion

600-462: The first ruler of these lands. In fact, a kurgan referred to by locals as "Halychyna's tomb", excavated in 1996, contained a ritual cremation site and a bronze weapon and gold disc that could have belonged to a noble leader. Max Vasmer and modern Slavists generally agree that "Halych" is an adjective derived from the East Slavic word for " jackdaw " (" halka "). This bird featured in

630-587: The human settlement with the Dormition Cathedral and princely chambers was fortified with powerful vallums and moats and was located over Lukva River (Dniester's tributary) at the place of contemporary village of Krylos . The first dynasty of Halych, descending from Vladimir of Novgorod , a Rurik family branch known as Rostislavichi, culminated in Yaroslav Osmomysl (1153–1187) – after whose rule Béla III of Hungary briefly conquered

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660-656: The population of Halicz was 4142, including 1609 Roman Catholics, 1690 Greek-Catholics, and 839 Jews. On November 1, 1918, until May 1919, the town was administered by Ukrainians. Following the Polish–Ukrainian War , Halicz temporarily returned to Poland, which was confirmed in Paris on June 25, 1919. On September 16, 1920, during the Polish–Soviet War , the Battle of Dytiatyn took place near Halicz, and on March 15, 1923,

690-469: The records of Vladimir's military campaigns seem to have been obliterated from Kievan chronicles. As a result, medieval historians often confuse him with two more famous namesakes — Vladimir the Great and Vladimir Monomakh . The name of Vladimir's consort is also uncertain: According to Nikolai Baumgarten, Vladimir was married to Ode , the daughter of count Leopold of Staden, whereas others (including Aleksandr Nazarenko ) disregard that assumption or claim

720-536: The seat of his Rurikid dynasty and considerably expanding the settlement. The Mongols under Batu Khan took the capital in 1241, when the famous King Danylo was its ruler. Thereafter the town steadily declined, eventually ceding supremacy to the newly founded Lviv . The excavations of 1933–42 ( Jaroslaw Pasternak ), 1951–52 (Karger M.K., Aulikh V.), and 1955 uncovered remains of houses, workshops, fortifications, and ten churches built of white stone. Pasternak's excavations established that ancient Halych originated on

750-571: The spot of today's village Krylos (located 5 km south of modern Halych) as early as the 10th century. In 1936 Pasternak also discovered remains of an 11th to 12th century three- apse cathedral with burial tomb of Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl in it. The cathedral is ascribed to the Cathedral of the Dormition previously known only from Chronicles , known to have been a sepulchre of the earliest Halychian princes. The sheer size (37,5 by 32,4 m) of

780-516: The struggle against the triumvirate. Vladimir's only son, Rostislav Vladimirovich , was a landless prince who usurped power in Tmutarakan . His descendants were dispossessed by their uncles and were proclaimed as izgoi (outcast), but gradually managed to establish themselves in Halychyna , ruling the land until 1199, when their line became extinct. In order to downplay their claims to Kiev,

810-466: The time of establishment, the raion consisted of 20 hromadas : Vladimir of Novgorod Vladimir Yaroslavich ( Russian : Владимир Ярославич ; Old Norse : Valdamarr Jarizleifsson ; 1020 – October 4, 1052) was Prince of Novgorod from 1036 until his death in 1052. He was the eldest son of Yaroslav I the Wise by Ingegerd Olofsdotter , a daughter of Olof Skötkonung , the king of Sweden . He

840-428: The town's old coat of arms . The oldest archaeological artifacts from the territory of Halych are classified to Paleolithic period 40,000 years ago. More systematic findings from a wide number of archaeological cultures dated from 5500 BC, indicate that occupation of local terrain was virtually perpetual for the past 7,000 years. According to excavated finds, the population of Halych increased especially significant in

870-422: Was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Halych Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion. 49°7′29″N 24°43′43″E  /  49.12472°N 24.72861°E  / 49.12472; 24.72861 Ivano-Frankivsk Raion Ivano-Frankivsk Raion ( Ukrainian : Івано-Франківський район )

900-634: Was buried by him in St Sophia Cathedral he had built in Novgorod . His sarcophagus is in a niche on the south side of the main body of the cathedral overlooking the Martirievskii Porch. He is depicted in an early twentieth-century fresco above the sarcophagus and on a new effigial icon on top of the sarcophagus. The details of his death is unknown, however his son Rostislav and his descendants were in unfriendly relationship with

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