The Charudes or Harudes were a Germanic group first mentioned by Julius Caesar as one of the tribes who had followed Ariovistus across the Rhine. While Tacitus ' Germania makes no mention of them, Ptolemy 's Geographia locates the Charudes (Χαροῦδες) on the east coast of the Cimbrian peninsula (see Hardsyssel ).
21-723: Sometime before 60 BC, the "rex Germanorum" Ariovistus had been petitioned by the Celtic Sequani for assistance in their war against the Aedui . In return, Ariovistus was promised land grants in Gaul, although exactly where is not certain. Gathering forces from a wide area of Germany, Ariovistus crossed the Rhine with large numbers and defeated the Aedui at the Battle of Magetobriga . It is in
42-760: A Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper river basin of the Arar river ( Saône ), the valley of the Doubs and the Jura Mountains during the Iron Age and the Roman period . They are mentioned as Sequanos by Caesar (mid-1st c. BC) and Ammianus Marcellinus (4th c. AD), Sequanis by Livy (late 1st c. BC), Sēkoanoús (Σηκοανούς) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD), and as Sequani by Pliny (1st c. AD). The Gaulish ethnonym Sequani ( sing. Sequanos ) stems from
63-748: A few months previously 24,000 men of the Harudes had come to him, for whom room and settlements must be provided." ( Commentaries on the Gallic War , I.31) In the following battle against Caesar near Vesontio ( Besançon ), the Harudes formed one of the seven tribal divisions of Ariovistus' host. After suffering a crushing defeat at the hands of the Romans, the Germans fled back over the Rhine. The Harudes (in
84-545: A third of their territory and threatened to take another third, while subjugating them into semi-slavery. The Sequani then appealed to Caesar, who drove back the Germanic tribesmen (58 BC), but at the same time obliged the Sequani to surrender all that they had gained from the Aedui. This so exasperated the Sequani that they joined in the revolt of Vercingetorix (52 BC) and shared in the defeat at Alesia . Under Augustus ,
105-624: Is a dialect of Shughni , a Pamiri language spoken in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region in Tajikistan as well as 267 speakers in Afghanistan's Badakhshan Province . It is similar to other dialects of Shughni such as Rushani and Bartangi . Oroshori contains many loanwords from Sarikoli as well as Kyrgyz . References [ edit ] ^ Wurum, Stephen A (2001). Atlas of
126-481: The Getica of Jordanes , which dates to the 6th century, but might refer to any time prior to then. The ch in that case would be a corruption of th, with the initial t not expressed. Jordanes had read Ptolemy, but he claimed to be writing of times before those of Ptolemy. A comparison of Germanic geography in the works of the two men has raised some questions concerning the direction in which some Germanics migrated. On
147-685: The Celtic name of the Seine river, Sequana . This may indicate that their original homeland was located by the Seine. The country of the Sequani corresponded to Franche-Comté and part of Burgundy . The Jura Mountains separated the Sequani from the Helvetii on the east, but the mountains belonged to the Sequani, as the narrow pass between the Rhone and Lake Geneva was Sequanian. They did not occupy
168-712: The Harudes could have been a constituent of the Jutes. The Angles were probably occupying territory abandoned at least in part by the Harudes, as the latter migrated into Norway. There they are believed to be the Hǫrðar people who settled in Hordaland and gave name to the fjord Hardanger . In a second theory, the Hǫrðar are identical to the Arochi dwelling in the Scandza mentioned in
189-475: The Harudes the "forest-dwellers". This root is considered to stem from Indo-European * ḱóss meaning "pine, conifer", akin to Russian сосна́ sosná "pine", Ancient Greek κῶνος kônos "pinecone, pine-seed, cone", κῶνα kôna "pitch", κώνειον kṓneion "hemlock; giant fennel", Oroshori sānǰ "post". Alternatively, it may be related to Proto-Celtic * karut- , the source of Old Irish caur "hero, champion". Sequani The Sequani were
210-808: The Republic of Tajikistan" . ^ Perry, John R. (1998). "Languages and Dialects: Islamic Period" . Iranian Studies . 31 (3/4): 517–525. doi : 10.1080/00210869808701929 . JSTOR 4311186 . ^ Comrie, Bernard (2009). The World's Major Languages . Routledge. p. 443. ISBN 9781134261567 . ^ Windfuhr, Gernot (2013). Iranian Languages . Routledge. ISBN 978-1135797041 . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oroshori_dialect&oldid=1254788601 " Categories : Pamir languages Badakhshan Province Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
231-559: The Roman people". The naval expedition in question took place in 5 AD under the generalship of Tiberius and is also attested by Velleius Paterculus . During the later age of Germanic migrations, the Harudes do not seem to appear in Jutland. Instead, the Angles and Jutes are there, who migrate to Britain. In Tacitus the Angles are further south. Perhaps not all the Harudes left Jutland, and
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#1732764982593252-499: The age of Germanic migration. As this hypothesis discounts Jordanes' judgement but accepts his tribal picture, it is not generally accepted. Latin Harudes is also attested in Old English as Hæredas and related to Old Norse Hörðar "Hords". This name is considered to be an extension of Germanic * xaruþaz ( PIE * ḱosdho- ) "forest" (cf. OE harað , OHG hard "mountain forest, wooded hills", MHG hart ), making
273-1067: The attacks of the Vandals . Later, when Rome was no longer able to afford protection to the inhabitants of Gaul, the Sequani became merged in the newly formed Kingdom of Burgundy . Oroshori language (Redirected from Oroshori language ) Shughni dialect of Tajikistan and Afghanistan Oroshori Roshorvi Орошори, Orošori Орошори зив, Orošori ziv Native to Tajikistan , Afghanistan Region Gorno-Badakhshan , Badakhshan Province Ethnicity Oroshoris Native speakers 1,500 (2001) Language family Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Eastern Iranian Shughni–Yazgulami Shughni Oroshori Writing system Cyrillic script ( Tajik Cyrillic alphabet ) Language codes ISO 639-3 – Glottolog oros1238 Oroshor ELP Oroshor Oroshori (also known as Roshorvi )
294-665: The confluence of the Saône into the Rhone , as the Helvetii plundered the lands of the Aedui there. Extending a line westward from the Jura estimates the southern border at about Mâcon , but Mâcon belonged to the Aedui. Strabo says that the Arar separates the Sequani from the Aedui and the Lingones , which means that the Sequani were on the left, or eastern, bank of the Saône only. On
315-409: The context of Ariovistus' subsequent land claims that the Harudes are first mentioned by Caesar: "But a worse thing had befallen the victorious Sequani than the vanquished Aedui, for Ariovistus, the king of the Germans, had settled in their territories, and had seized upon a third of their land, which was the best in the whole of Gaul, and was now ordering them to depart from another third part, because
336-545: The district known as Sequania formed part of Belgica . After the death of Vitellius (69 AD), the inhabitants refused to join the Gallic revolt against Rome instigated by Gaius Julius Civilis and Julius Sabinus , and drove back Sabinus, who had invaded their territory. A triumphal arch at Vesontio ( Besançon ), which in return for this service was made a colony, possibly commemorates this victory. Diocletian added Helvetia , and part of Germania Superior to Sequania, which
357-644: The graecized form "Charydes") are next mentioned in the Res Gestae Divi Augusti , in which Augustus claims that his fleet had "sailed from the mouth of the Rhine eastward as far as the lands of the Cimbri to which, up to that time, no Roman had ever penetrated either by land or by sea, and the Cimbri and Charydes and Semnones and other peoples of the Germans of that same region (Cimbrian peninsula) through their envoys sought my friendship and that of
378-576: The northeast corner the country of the Sequani touched on the Rhine . Before the arrival of Julius Caesar in Gaul , the Sequani had taken the side of the Arverni against their rivals the Aedui and hired the Suebi under Ariovistus to cross the Rhine and help them (71 BC). Although his assistance enabled them to defeat the Aedui , the Sequani were worse off than before, for Ariovistus deprived them of
399-563: The whole, based on Jordanes, the direction has been taken to be southward from Scandinavia, and it is possible that the Charudes of Ptolemy's Jutland arrived there in prehistory from a more ancient Hordaland. On the other hand, the Hǫrðar could have intruded locally and late into Norway. Some have expanded this idea into a theory that the Goths originated in Germany and entered Scandinavia in
420-580: The world's languages in danger of disappearing . UNESCO. ISBN 9789231037986 . ^ "Did you know Oroshor is vulnerable?" . ^ Moseley, Christopher (2008). Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages . Routledge. ISBN 9781135796402 . ^ "Roshorvi or Oroshori language | the Committee of Language and Terminology by the Government of
441-415: Was now called Provincia Maxima Sequanorum , Vesontio receiving the title of Metropolis civitas Vesontiensium. The southern reach of this territory was known as Sapaudia , which became the namesake of the later region of Savoy . Fifty years later, Gaul was overrun by the barbarians, and Vesontio sacked (355 AD). Under Julian , it recovered some of its importance as a fortified town, and was able to withstand
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