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17-519: Hidden Falls may refer to: Places in the United States [ edit ] Hidden Falls (Baranof Island, Alaska) Hidden Falls (Hanging Rock, North Carolina) Hidden Falls (Placer County, California) Hidden Falls (Saint Paul, Minnesota) Hidden Falls (Teton County, Wyoming) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

34-599: A lack of cortex, a prepared platform with a broad angle, and a proximal bulb of percussion. Microblades are generally less than 50 mm long in their finished state. The geographic origin of microblades is poorly understood, with differing theories posing origins in Southern Siberia, Northern China, or the PHSK (Paleo-Hokkaido-Sakhalin-Kurile) peninsula, with dates ranging from over 30,000 BP to as little as 18,000 BP. The microblade technology has been associated with

51-517: A rounded stone that was repeatedly hit with another stone to create a serrated crest that was used to chop subsistence resources or used as a crude hunting tool. The microblade was a tradition used by people that were likely specialized in fishing and sea hunting. Microblades eventually disappear and a new set of tools began to emerge in the upper levels. These tools consisted of grounding stones and along with these tools came decorative artifacts, such as pendants, shells, beads, and labrets . Due to

68-463: A uniform midden level, which aids in preservation of artifacts such as bone. The artifacts discovered in the deepest levels are associated with the Archaic period (ca. 10,500-4,400 B.C.); these consisted of microblade techniques and cobble stone tools, including gravers and scrapers The origins of these stone tools are believed to have come from Siberia and became popular throughout Alaska. Dating

85-416: Is a period of technological microlith development marked by the creation and use of small stone blades, which are produced by chipping silica-rich stones like chert , quartz , or obsidian . Blades are a specialized type of lithic flake that are at least twice as long as they are wide. An alternate method of defining blades focuses on production features, including parallel lateral edges and dorsal scars,

102-577: Is located an elevation of 39 meters or 128 feet, south of Kelp Bay on Baranof Island , opposite Sitka , in Alaska. The site was first discovered by the U.S. Forest Service personnel with initial excavations occurring in 1978. Radiocarbon dating was conducted and demonstrated that people were living in Hidden Falls 10,000 years ago. There is evidence that the occupants of Hidden Falls produced stone tools that were associated with marine resources;

119-672: Is suitable for high mobility and rapid weapon production, as well as reducing failure of hunting and lost or damaged weapons. In other words, in the resource-limited environment of the Last Glacial Maximum , hunter-gatherers invested more time acquiring better raw materials and developing the technique of lithic manufacture. Barbed tips opened wounds and the resulting blood loss killed prey faster and with less loss of hunting equipment than traditional spears. These changes in lithic technology appear to have been adaptations to reduced resource availability due to climate changes during

136-699: The Ancient Paleo-Siberians . Because microblade technology is economical (using less raw material than other technologies), relatively easy to make, and extremely portable, it came into widespread use over vast parts of northern Asia and northeastern Siberia during and after the Ice Age . Microblade technology was very efficient for hunting because it used light, barbed spears . During the Ice Age, hunter-gatherers suffered from shortage of food resources, so they had to move more frequently. Microblade

153-788: The Bering Land Bridge to North America. At least six independent Native American groups used microblade technology, including the Poverty Point /Jaketown, Hopewell culture , Tikal Maya , and Northwest Coast peoples. Specialized craftspeople manufactured millions of microblades in the Mississippian chiefdom of Cahokia , in Illinois, as did Chumash (tribe) craftspeople in California's Northern Channel Islands. In both of these cases, microblades were sharpened to

170-724: The site strata included: shell and faunal remains, slate knives, points, labrets, jade tools, bone tools, chipped stone, and drilled tooth pendants. The site consisted of three components. The first was characterized by microblades, unifacial tools and microcores dating to about 9,500 years ago. The second component was dated between 4600–3200 years ago and the third to ca. 3000–1300 years ago. The latter two components consisted of ground and slate tools The deposits included shell midden and fire cracked debris. The upper levels did not appear to be true shell middens, since they only contained roughly 15-20% shell midden volume. The rainwater and groundwater at this site has been sufficient to create

187-935: The Last Glacial Maximum and Younger Dryas allowing for more efficient sustenance strategies. An important site for learning more about the diverse adaptations of the microblade is Shuidonggou Locality 12 (SDG12). It was at this site that microblades were found along with diverse artifacts: needles, awls, and a bone knife handle. This handle is a big indicator that microblades were used for multiple purposes, and no longer were exclusive to hunting. In at least one site in Northern China, microblades are also found in context with heat shattered and burned stone, usually evidence for stone-boiling practices, another resource intensification strategy aimed at recovering more nutrients from food resources via cooking. The first Native Americans brought this technology with them across

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204-534: The daily or regular consumption of the site's occupants. Only minimal fish bones have been recovered at the site, and it is uncertain how much of the site occupants depended on them. Hidden Falls, a stratified site in southeast Alaska: Paper presented at the 32nd Annual Northwest Anthropological Conference. (Stanley Davis). 1979. Fairbanks, Alaska. The Hidden Falls, Baranof Island, Alaska. (Stanley Davis). 1981. Alaska Anthropological Association. Anchorage, Alaska. Microblade technology Microblade technology

221-420: The fact that Hidden Falls is located on an island, the only way to proceed onto this location is from a boat. Also, due to its location, it is assumed that the inhabitants of the island relied heavily on the ocean and it production of marine resources. Artifact assemblages at this site are interpreted as resulting from the exploitation of marine resources. Although hunting terrestrial game most likely did occur, it

238-402: The occupants relied on the ocean for their subsistence and transportation [6]. This site also produced evidence of different types of stone tools, which were categorized into three components, some of these included microblades and cobble stone tools The Hidden Falls site was excavated by Stanley D. Davis in 1979 after the discovery of the site by the U.S. Forest Service. Artifacts found in

255-531: The title Hidden Falls . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hidden_Falls&oldid=990304714 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Hidden Falls (Baranof Island, Alaska) Hidden Falls

272-449: Was conducted on different strata deposits and it suggested that the stone tools were found to date approximately 9500 B.C. The excavation yielded different artifacts which contained utilized and non-utilized flakes, scrapers, microcores and pebble choppers. These artifacts were radiocarbon dated at 9860 ± 75. Many of these tools were primarily used for cutting, serrating, or hunting, such as the pebble chopper. The pebble chopper consisted of

289-451: Was not the main food source. The location of Hidden Falls suggests that many of its inhabitants relied on marine resources. Parts of toggling harpoons and some barbed bone points were found and are suggestive that sea mammal hunting occurred. Shellfish and traces of whale remains were found, although whale hunting was probably not as reliable and not practiced as often. However, there is not enough evidence to provide an accurate record of

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