88-539: The Hume Highway , including the sections now known as the Hume Freeway and the Hume Motorway , is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways , running for 840 kilometres (520 mi) between Melbourne in the southwest and Sydney in the northeast. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013. From north to south,
176-590: A distance of 16 kilometres (10 mi) from the Pheasants Nest bridge over the Nepean River to Yerrinbool , before dropping slightly before the final climb to reach the tablelands at Aylmerton , a climb of over 430 metres (1,410 ft) in 25 kilometres (16 mi). Governor Lachlan Macquarie ordered the construction of a road, which became known as the Great South Road (the basis of
264-574: A new trail from Mitchellstown through Kilmore to Melbourne, a route that took a day and a half off the previous journey. The bulk of Bonney's track formed the Sydney Road for the next 139 years. and was especially surveyed in 1840. In 1914, both the Victorian and NSW sections of the highway were declared main roads by their respective state road authorities. Within Victoria, the passing of
352-642: A number of changes since the National Roads Act 1974 was originally established in 1974. The 1974 Act empowered the Federal Minister for Transport to declare as a National Highway, any existing or proposed road in a State , which (in the Minister's opinion), was the main route between two State capitals ; a State capital and Canberra ; a State capital and Darwin ; Brisbane and Cairns ; Hobart and Burnie ; or any other road which, in
440-474: A significant part in this campaign. The State Government, concerned about the public sympathy being generated, eventually changed the law in regard to obstruction, with no requirement of permits to speak. A Free Speech memorial was built outside the Mechanics' Institute on the corner of Sydney and Glenlyon Roads to commemorate the success of the free speech fights. Counihan's work as an artist and local resident
528-913: A total of 161 miles), subsuming the original declaration of Main Sydney Road as a Main Road. Within New South Wales, the passing of the Main Roads Act of 1924 through the Parliament of New South Wales provided for the declaration of Main Roads, roads partially funded by the State government through the Main Roads Board (later Transport for NSW ). Main Road No. 2 was declared along Great South Road on 8 August 1928, heading southwest from
616-409: Is Melbourne's longest continuous shopping strip, with an abundance of small businesses and a variety of restaurants and coffee shops, clothing stores, places of worship, and community services. It is well known for its wedding fashion shops, discount shopping and a number of specialist food stores. Previously part of Hume Highway , the road was bypassed as the main route through northern Melbourne when
704-588: Is a very popular supermarket-sized second-hand clothing store, located between Albert Street and Glenlyon Road. Well known for its bridal shops, a recent arrival in Sydney Road is Mariana Hardwick 's emporium in the eponymously (re)named building between Sparta Place and Ballarat Street. Tram route 19 runs along the inner section of Sydney Road, starting at Bakers Road in Coburg North and ending in Elizabeth Street at Flinders Street station in
792-583: Is also commemorated by the Counihan Gallery on Sydney Road run by the City of Merri-bek Council. During the second world war and in the 1950s, Sydney Road came alive with late night shopping. This included late night shopping parades with floats. The construction of the Barkly Square shopping complex immediately to the east of Sydney Road in the 1980s coincided with a decline in the success of
880-555: Is categorised as a freeway by government roads authority VicRoads , although a few intersections along the route are not yet grade-separated. The speed limit on the full length of the highway is 110 km/h (68.4 mph). As Hume Freeway approaches Melbourne at the suburb of Craigieburn , 27 kilometres (17 mi) north of the Melbourne central business district , the Craigieburn Bypass now diverts Hume Freeway (and
968-510: Is current as of September 2012. Under AusLink a program that operated between July 2004 and 2009, the AusLink National Network had additional links, both road and rail. The Federal Government encouraged funding from state, territory and local governments and public–private partnerships to upgrade the network and requires state government funding contributions on parts of the network, especially for new links. For example,
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#17327729096731056-591: Is deeply dissected by the Nepean River and its tributaries. The route of the Highway, by using four high-level bridges to cross these gorges, avoids the Razorback Range, and has minimal earthworks . The climb from the western side of the Nepean River at Menangle up to Mittagong is fairly sustained, a fact that is hard to appreciate at high speed on the modern freeway. The highway climbs non-stop over
1144-579: Is sometimes used colloquially to describe the sea lines of communication between the state of Victoria on the Australian mainland and island state of Tasmania across the Bass Strait . The 16,000 kilometres (9,900 mi) of roads included in the original National Highway system had large variations in road quality. Some sections were no more than dirt tracks, whilst others were four lane dual carriageways. While 12,496 kilometres (7,765 mi)
1232-981: The Country Roads Act of 1912 through the Parliament of Victoria provided for the establishment of the Country Roads Board (later VicRoads ) and their ability to declare Main Roads, taking responsibility for the management, construction and care of the state's major roads from local municipalities. (Main) Sydney Road was declared a Main Road over a period of months, from 7 September 1914 ( Baddaginnie through Benalla to Glenrowan ), 5 October 1914 ( Springhurst through Chiltern to Barnawartha ), 16 November 1914 (through Craigieburn , Broadford and Euroa ), to 30 November 1914 (from Craigieburn through Wallan and Kimore to Broadford, from Broadford through Seymour to Euroa, Euroa through Violet Town to Baddaginne, Glenrowan through Wangaratta to Springhurst, and finally Barnawartha through Wodonga to
1320-567: The Craigieburn bypass opened in 2005; the road name was devolved back to its original identity as Sydney Road as a consequence. As a part of the Hume Highway, the road was signed as National Route 31 in 1954. The Whitlam government introduced the federal National Roads Act 1974 , where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by
1408-516: The Moss Vale and Marulan districts, but this was not followed up. Any settlement would have to await the construction of an adequate access track, which would have been beyond the colony's resources at the time, and would have served little purpose as a source of supplies for Sydney, due to the time taken to reach Sydney. In 1804, Charles Throsby penetrated through the Bargo brush to the country on
1496-725: The Nepean (three times), Wingecarribee , Paddys , Murrumbidgee , Murray , Ovens , King and Goulburn rivers. The Hume also crosses the Prospect , Jugiong , and Tarcutta creeks. In New South Wales all towns on the highway have been bypassed. From Sydney, southwards to the Victorian border, the bypassed towns include Campbelltown , Camden , Picton , Mittagong , Berrima , Marulan , Goulburn , Gunning , Yass , Bowning , Bookham , Jugiong , Coolac , Gundagai , Tarcutta , Holbrook , Woomargama , Albury and Young . In Victoria all towns have been bypassed. They are, in order from
1584-736: The Pacific Highway and the Calder Highway are part of the National Network, yet new projects are being funded 50/50 by federal and state governments. State contributions (generally 20%) are required on some sections of the old network near major cities. The various superseded Acts defined National Highways as roads, or a series of connected roads, that were the primary connection between two State or Territory capital cities, as well as between Brisbane and Cairns , and between Hobart and Burnie . The term " Sea Highway "
1672-580: The 1920s the clothing and textile industries grew; evidence of their presence in the area can still be seen in the existence of tailors shops, fabric shops and an abundance of wedding gown shops. During the 1930s the Unemployed Workers Movement held street meetings on the corner of Sydney Road and Phoenix Street. These meetings were harassed and suppressed by the police, under the direct orders of Police Commissioner, General Thomas Blamey . Young Australian artist Noel Counihan played
1760-558: The 1920s, with the federal government contributing to major roads managed by the state and territory governments. However, the Federal Government did not completely fund any roads until 1974, when the Whitlam government introduced the National Roads Act 1974 . Under the act, the states were still responsible for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated for money spent on approved projects. In 1977,
1848-670: The 1974 Act was replaced by the State Grants (Roads) Act 1977 , which contained similar provisions for the definition of "National Highways". In 1988, the National Highway became redefined under the Australian Land Transport Development (ALTD) Act 1988 , which had various amendments up to 2003. The 1988 Act was largely concerned with funding road development in cooperation with the state governments. The federal transport minister defined
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#17327729096731936-519: The 1990s and early 2000s. The signs of gentrification are increasingly evident in the southern quarter of Sydney Road, with a rising number of clothing boutiques and many new eateries serving eclectic and contemporary Australian 'fusion' cuisine in stylish, designer environments, producing an increasingly diversified street life. As a major activity centre in Merri-bek , Sydney Road is a key component in any strategies of urban intensification to meet
2024-533: The Auslink National Network after the implementation of the new Act, which occurred in 2005. All of the existing routes of the National Highway prior to 2005 were included in the new network. The routes added with the inception of the 2005 Act (as described in Appendix 1 referenced above, some of the descriptions are somewhat ambiguous but clarified in the ensuing regulations) are: Changes to
2112-580: The Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria. The highway's national route is divided into four sections comprising, from north to south, urban stretches of the highway in Sydney, a motorway from the outskirts of Sydney to the Southern Highlands , a grade-separated highway in regional New South Wales and across the state border, and a freeway throughout regional Victoria and into
2200-539: The British M, A, B, C classifications. These states have retained the original National Highway numbering and shield decal, having added the appropriate M and A classification. The following roads were part of the original National Highway network. Most are still signposted with National Highway route markers. In 2013, New South Wales introduced a new alphanumeric route numbering system, which no longer includes national highways. Australia's National Highway Network has had
2288-929: The Brunswick Hotel, the Cornish Arms Hotel, the Sarah Sands Hotel, the Cumberland Arms Hotel, the Edinburgh Castle Hotel and the Court House Hotel. It was originally called Pentridge Road, as it connected the city with Pentridge prison . It was renamed Sydney Road in 1859. The early hub of business activity was between Weston Street and Albert Street in Brunswick, but by the 1880s businesses were rapidly being established beyond Albion Street. In
2376-584: The Federal Government does not contribute funding on the same basis. The following roads in and around Sydney are currently part of the designated National Land Transport Network In addition to the network of federally funded National Highways defined in 1974, there was also a system of "national routes". This scheme, which predated the National Highways in 1953, was a plan to coordinate State road authorities to allocate consistent highway numbers to major highways which traversed more than one State, for
2464-537: The Federal government for money spent on approved projects. As an important interstate link between the capitals of Victoria and New South Wales, the Hume Highway was declared a National Highway in 1974. With Victoria's conversion to the newer alphanumeric system in the late 1990s, the section between Craigieburn and Fawkner (where it met the Western Ring Road ) was upgraded to National Highway M31; it
2552-470: The Free Speech fights of the 1930s stands near the corner. The history of many of the single and double story shop fronts can be seen in the names and years moulded into the upper portions of the building facades. The Mechanics Institute now provides a popular performance space and offices for local arts administrators. Sydney Road has a number of institutions that are notable for their contribution to
2640-500: The Hume Highway itself at Campbellfield. This ceased to be the designated route of Hume Highway in 1992, with the completion of Stage 1 of the Western Ring Road, at which point the designation of the southbound highway was truncated. The former highway south from the Western Ring Road to Elizabeth Street is route is now numbered as Metropolitan Route 55 and is now officially called Sydney Road . Heading north from Melbourne,
2728-762: The M, or motorway, alphanumeric. At its Sydney end, Hume Highway begins at Parramatta Road , in Ashfield . This route is numbered as A22. The first 31 kilometres (19 mi) of the highway was known as Liverpool Road until August 1928, when it was renamed as part of Hume Highway, as part of the creation of the NSW highway system. Sections of the highway through Sydney's suburbs continue to be also known by its former names of Liverpool Road, Sydney Road and Copeland Street (the latter two bypassing Liverpool's CBD). The main Hume Highway/Motorway effectively commences at
Hume Highway - Misplaced Pages Continue
2816-664: The M31 designation) to the east of the former route, to terminate at the Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads . This bypass was opened in two stages, in December 2004 and December 2005. At its Melbourne end, the original alignment of the Melbourne–Sydney route followed Royal Parade northward from where it begins at its intersection with Elizabeth Street and Flemington Road. Royal Parade becomes Sydney Road at Brunswick Road and then became
2904-669: The M5 South-West Motorway) and was allocated route number F5. While this section later officially became known as Hume Highway, it continued to be referred to as the F5 Freeway until the early 2010s due to its renaming to M31 Hume Motorway in 2013. Other than sections within the urban areas of Sydney and Melbourne, Hume Highway is generally dual-carriageway (with at-grade intersections and restricted entry from adjoining land), with considerable lengths which are of full freeway standard. Most of these sections are bypasses of
2992-518: The Melbourne end, route M31 was diverted onto the Craigieburn bypass in 2005; the former alignment (now known as Sydney Road) was replaced with State Route 55. With both states' conversion to the newer alphanumeric system between the late 1990s and the early 2010s, its route number was updated to route M31 for the highway within Victoria in 1997, and eventually within New South Wales in 2013 (with
3080-429: The Minister's opinion, was important enough to be a National Highway. Subsequent replacement legislation in 1977, 1988, and 2005, along with other intervening amendments, contained similar provisions. Notably, important roads to near-metropolitan locations such as Geelong , Bunbury and Wollongong were added in 2005, although not within the original concept of interstate National Highways. The original components of
3168-1354: The Murray River and entering Victoria. From this point Hume Freeway continues 295 kilometres (183 mi) southwest by south, bypassing Wodonga , Chiltern , Wangaratta , Benalla , Seymour , Broadford , Beveridge , Craigieburn and terminating at Thomastown . From northeast to southwest, termini, major exits and interchanges occur with the Great Western Highway / Parramatta Road (A22), A3 (A3), A6 (A6), Henry Lawson Drive , Cumberland Highway (A28), M5 Motorway (M5), Westlink M7 (M7), Camden Valley Way (A28), A9 (A9), Remembrance Drive , Old Hume Highway (B73), Illawarra Highway (A48), Federal Highway (M23), Yass Valley Way , Barton Highway (A25), Lachlan Valley Way (B81), Burley Griffin Way (B94), Snowy Mountains Highway (B72), Sturt Highway (A20), Olympic Highway (A41), Riverina Highway (B58), Murray Valley Highway (B400), Great Alpine Road (B500), Midland Highway (A300/B300), Goulburn Valley Freeway (M39), Goulburn Valley Highway (B340), Northern Highway (B75), Sydney Road (SR55), and Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads (M80). Major river crossings, from northeast to southwest, are
3256-422: The NSW border, Wodonga , Chiltern , Wangaratta , Benalla , Violet Town , Euroa , Seymour , Broadford and Craigieburn . Camden dates from 1840 and lies 60 kilometres (37 mi) south west of Sydney on the Nepean River. It retains a rural character and has many historic buildings. There is an aviation museum at nearby Narellan . Urban sprawl has made Camden part of the Sydney metropolitan area. Before
3344-426: The National Highway network for the first time. As sections of existing highways were upgraded or replaced by nearby parallel routes of a new higher standard, the "National Highway" designation was usually moved onto the new part of the route. The principal route between Sydney and Newcastle was shifted from the old Pacific Highway onto the new Sydney-Newcastle freeway in nine separate stages between 1966 and 1999 as
3432-459: The National Highway were officially declared on 20 September 1974, as "links" and terminated at the edge of each capital city. The parts of the routes within the major urban areas were not defined as National Highways, and the Sturt and Newell highway routes were not included in the original 1974 network. In June 1995, as a condition of federal funding, the National Highway route in New South Wales
3520-495: The National Land Transport Network made in 2007 Changes to the National Land Transport Network made in 2008 Changes to the National Land Transport Network made in 2009 In Sydney, only a subset of the network of motorways and major roads in the Sydney metropolitan area are part of the current National Land Transport (Roads) Network, the rest are not part of the national network and therefore
3608-541: The New South Wales countryside from Albury to Marulan has been developed for wool production, with Yass and Goulburn in particular noted for their fine wool. The coast of New South Wales, from the Queensland to the Victorian borders, is separated from the inland by an escarpment , forming the eastern edge of the Great Dividing Range , with few easy routes up this escarpment. To climb from the coast to
Hume Highway - Misplaced Pages Continue
3696-559: The Razorback Range and through Picton , Tahmoor , Bargo , and Yanderra , where the modern Hume Highway reunites. National Highway (Australia) The National Highway (part of the National Land Transport Network ) is a system of roads connecting all mainland states and territories of Australia , and is the major network of highways and motorways connecting Australia's capital cities and major regional centres. National funding for roads began in
3784-600: The Southern Tablelands for agriculture was rapid. The present route of Hume Highway is much the same as that used by the pioneers. The route taken by Hume Highway to climb from the coast to the Southern Tablelands and across the Great Divide is situated between the parallel river gorge systems of the Wollondilly and Shoalhaven rivers. This country consists generally of a gently sloping plateau which
3872-492: The broader cultural life of Melbourne. The Mediterranean supermarket, between Victoria and Blyth Streets is a long-established, large and well-known source of Italian and other European foodstuffs. The A1 Middle Eastern Bakery, at the top of Brunswick Hill is the most high-profile of a number of such bakeries in the area, well known for products such as flat bread that are supplied across Melbourne. A tour of these bakeries forms part of Melbourne's annual Food and Wine festival. Savers
3960-539: The bypass of Albury-Wodonga. From Albury, the highway skirts Lake Hume and continues across undulating country generally north-east towards Holbrook and then Tarcutta. Just north of Tarcutta the highway encounters the first of several ranges which form outliers of the Great Dividing Range, and which are crossed as the highway climbs the slopes to the tablelands west of Yass. From here the highway runs eastward, to Goulburn where it again turns northeast. Most of
4048-504: The capitals of New South Wales and Victoria, Hume Highway was declared a National Highway in 1974, and was consequently re-allocated National Highway 31. At the Sydney end, as the South-Western Freeway was extended during the 1990s, National Highway 31 was replaced with Metroad 5 from Prestons to Liverpool in the early 1990s, then by Metroad 7 through Liverpool, and State Route 31 from Liverpool to its terminus at Ashfield. At
4136-574: The components of the National Highway, and also a category of "Road of National Importance" (RONI), with federal funding implications. Section 10.5 of the Act required the state road authorities to place frequent, prominent, signs on the National Highways and RONI projects funded by the federal government. In 2005, the National Highway became the National Land Transport Network, under the AusLink (National Land Transport) Act 2005 . The criteria for inclusion in
4224-508: The convenience of travellers. The most notable example is "Highway 1", which follows the periphery of the continent, and only parts of which form part of the former National Highway and current National Land Transport (Roads) Network. Sydney Road Sydney Road (in its northernmost part also known as the Hume Highway ) is a major urban arterial in the northern suburbs of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia . Sydney Road starts at
4312-581: The current-day bypasses at Mittagong, Berrima and Marulan (dual carriageways were completed in 1986), is still largely followed by today's highway. Mitchell intended to straighten the route north of Yanderra, but was not granted funding, although his proposed route through Pheasants Nest has similarities to the freeway route opened in 1980. Mitchell's work on the Great South Road is best preserved at Towrang Creek (10 kilometres north of Goulburn), where his stone arch culvert still stands, although it
4400-549: The decision to use the route from Goondiwindi to Brisbane via the Gore Highway and Toowoomba, rather than the Cunningham Highway (via Warwick), was not finalized until October 1993. These were the only two major routes added to the National Highway network between 1974 and 2005. In addition, the urban ends of intercity routes, and some link roads and ring roads joining national routes, were explicitly added to
4488-477: The dominant non-Anglo fare, but since the 1980s Sydney Road's eateries have diversified and increased in number, so that the food available now includes Lebanese, Afghan, Thai, Chinese, Vietnamese, Japanese, North and East African, Balinese, Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan and Nepali cuisines. In the early 2000s, several hotels (pubs) were renovated and have become very popular live music venues. Property prices in Brunswick and Coburg (south of Bell Street) rose sharply in
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#17327729096734576-422: The earlier national route network. Many of the routes that are now National Highways with the signature green and gold shields, continue beyond the official National Highway as the black and white shielded national routes. Certain stretches of the National Highways have "A" and "M" tag on their shields; particularly those in Victoria and South Australia. They have completely revised their route numbering, basing it on
4664-743: The early 1970s, the Hume Highway ran west from the Cross Roads in Casula , 6 km south of Liverpool to western Edmondson Park , near the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, where it turned and followed the route of what is now Camden Valley Way. It ran through Narellan town centre before crossing the Nepean River on the Cowpasture Bridge. It ran through Camden town centre on Argyle Street before turning onto Murray Street, which then becomes Broughton Street. It then ran over
4752-476: The first European (with William Hovell ) to traverse an overland route between Sydney and the Port Phillip District , in what later became the Colony of Victoria . The highway was fully sealed by 1940. In New South Wales, the passing of the Roads Act of 1993 through the Parliament of New South Wales updated road classifications and the way they could be declared within New South Wales. Under this act, Hume Highway today retains its declaration as Highway 2, from
4840-413: The freeway was progressively implemented. Similar changes were made as the Hume Highway was re-developed. Appendix 1 of the 'Auslink (National Land Transport) Bill' of 2004 , listed the routes which were proposed to be included in 'The Auslink National Network'. The listing included here distinguished between the components of the "former National Highway system", and the additional routes to be added to
4928-457: The full length of the highway for the first time. In 2008, VicRoads undertook a planning study for the upgrading of Hume Freeway by removal of direct access from adjoining properties and grade-separation of the intersections between Kalkallo and Beveridge . These intersections had the highest accident rate of the Hume Freeway in Victoria. The study, completed in March 2009, ensured council planning schemes were amended so as to reserve space for
5016-405: The ground parched. Mount Buffalo can be seen in the distance to the east as the highway comes down off the Warby Range near Glenrowan , and a museum commemorating Ned Kelly is located nearby. At Wangaratta the highway passes close to the Rutherglen and Milawa wine-producing areas. Continuing north, the Murray River , the south bank of which is the Victoria–New South Wales border, is crossed on
5104-415: The highway, opened as part of the two stages opened in October 1973 and December 1974, was originally designed for widening of the carriageways to three lanes. Work commenced in 2010 on a 9.5 km (5.9 mi) bypass of Holbrook. The bypass was opened to traffic on 7 August 2013 after being postponed due to wet weather. The opening of the bypass resulted in dual carriageway (much to freeway standard) over
5192-402: The hotels date from the 1850s, including the Cornish Arms hotel and the Sarah Sands Hotel on the corner of Brunswick Road. The Bombay Rock at the corner of Phoenix Street, was one of the pre-eminent rock music venues in Melbourne in the 1970s and 80s. Brunswick Town Hall , built in 1876 on the corner of Dawson Street, is an imposing Victorian edifice. It was saved from planned destruction by
5280-509: The intersection with Great Western Highway at Ashfield, through Bankstown, Liverpool, Crossroads, Narellan, Picton, Mittagong, Goulburn, Yass, and Gundagai to Albury. With the passing of the Main Roads (Amendment) Act of 1929 to provide for additional declarations of State Highways and Trunk Roads, this was amended to State Highway 2 on 8 April 1929. The Great South Road through New South Wales, and North-Eastern Highway through Victoria, were renamed Hume Highway in 1928, after Hamilton Hume ,
5368-484: The intersection with Western and Metropolitan Ring Roads at Thomastown. The route was allocated National Route 31 across its entire length in 1954. The Whitlam government introduced the federal National Roads Act 1974 , where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by the Federal government for money spent on approved projects. As an important interstate link between
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#17327729096735456-435: The intersection with Parramatta Road in Ashfield in Sydney, to the state border with Victoria. In Victoria, the passing of the Road Management Act 2004 through the Parliament of Victoria granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads : VicRoads re-declared the road in 2013 as Hume Freeway (Freeway #1550), beginning at the state border with New South Wales to
5544-413: The junction of the M5 South-West Motorway and the Westlink M7 at Prestons . Heading eastbound, the M5 provides access to Sydney Airport and the CBD; while the M7 provides access to Newcastle and Brisbane bypassing the Sydney CBD. Both of these routes are tolled . The section of Hume Motorway between Prestons and Narellan Road was previously known as South Western Freeway (not to be confused with
5632-444: The larger towns on the route, where the need to deviate the route to construct the bypass made it practical to deny access from adjoining land and thus provide full freeway conditions. In addition to these bypasses the sections between Casula (in southwestern Sydney) and Berrima (built 1973–92), and Broadford to Wallan (1976), which were both constructed as major deviations, are also of full freeway standard. The entire section in Victoria
5720-714: The median strip along the Craigieburn Bypass section and northward to Broadford , in Victoria, at roughly 15–20 km intervals. These measure both instantaneous (flash photography) speed and its speciality in the point-to-point versions (between two or more sites and then the average speed is measured to the fixed speed limit, comparing how long it takes a vehicle to reach one point from another). There are five sites, with two cameras (radar version) at each, totalling ten altogether. In Sydney: next to Ashfield Primary School, near Culdees Road Burwood, Willee St Enfield, Stacey St Bankstown, Brennan St Yagoona, and Knight St Lansvale. Between Prestons and Campbelltown, an exit numbering system
5808-443: The municipal council in 1973-1974 when Vic and Vida Little , along with the Brunswick Progress Association , led a successful campaign to preserve it. The building was significantly extended and renovated in the early 1990s to upgrade the library, offices and public assembly spaces. Diagonally opposite from the Town Hall stands the Mechanics Institute, built in 1868, and used for worker education and social activities. A monument to
5896-521: The network was similar to the previous legislation, but expanded to include connections to major commercial centres, and inter-modal facilities . All of the roads included in National Land Transport Network as of 2005 were formally defined by regulation in October 2005. The Minister for Transport may alter the list of roads included in the network. Three amendments to the scheduled list of roads have been made, in February 2007, September 2008 and February 2009. The third variation, published in February 2009,
5984-430: The northern end of Royal Parade at the boundary of Parkville and Brunswick and continues north through Brunswick , Coburg , Coburg North , Hadfield , Fawkner , Campbellfield , Somerton and Craigieburn , where it joins the Hume Freeway . The section passing through Brunswick and Coburg, between Park Street at its southern end and Bell Street near the site of the former Pentridge prison , at its northern end,
6072-472: The northern end of Hume Highway) in 1819 from Picton to the Goulburn Plains and he travelled to Goulburn in 1820, but it is unlikely that even a primitive road was finished at that time. The Great South Road was rebuilt and completely re-routed between Yanderra and Goulburn by Surveyor-General Thomas Mitchell in 1833. The Main Roads Management Act of June 1858 declared the Great South Road, from near Sydney through Goulburn and Gundagai to Albury, as one of
6160-713: The outer suburbs of northern Melbourne. In Sydney, Hume Highway stretches 31 kilometres (19 mi) southwest from Ashfield in the inner west to Prestons via Enfield , Greenacre , Villawood , Liverpool and Casula . From Sydney's southwestern outskirts; Hume Motorway stretches 88 kilometres (55 mi) south by southwest, from Prestons to outside Berrima bypassing Campbelltown , Camden , Mittagong , Bowral and Moss Vale . From outside Berrima, Hume Highway stretches 426 kilometres (265 mi) southwest by west, bypassing Sutton Forest , Marulan , Goulburn , Yass , Bowning , Bookham , Jugiong , Gundagai , Holbrook , Thurgoona , Lavington and Albury before crossing
6248-453: The requirements of the Victorian Government's metropolitan strategy, Melbourne 2030 . In his first speech in December 2006, newly elected Moreland Mayor Mark O'Brien proposed turning the entire 4.5 km commercial strip between Brunswick Road and Bell Street into a promenade, which would transform the usually congested Sydney Road into one of the longest pedestrian streets in the world. Sydney Road contains many historical landmarks. Many of
6336-464: The road in its entirety is still presently known (and signposted) as Sydney Road. In February 1841, George Jones opened a retail store on Sydney Road in Pentridge. The Victorian gold rush in the 1850s caused businesses to flourish on Sydney Road. Many were established to supply the miners on their trek north to the gold fields. Numerous hotels were built along Sydney Road in this period including
6424-889: The road is called the Hume Highway in metropolitan Sydney, the Hume Motorway between the Cutler Interchange and Berrima , the Hume Highway elsewhere in New South Wales and the Hume Freeway in Victoria . It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury–Wodonga and Canberra . It is therefore considered to be Australia's longest highway in terms of its dual-carriageway standard retaining
6512-468: The road passes through the hills of the Great Dividing Range , some of which is covered with box eucalypt forest but of which much is cleared for farmland, before levelling out near Seymour to cross flat, mostly cleared farming country to Wodonga and the Victoria–New South Wales border. Victoria's landscape differs from that of the typical 'true Australian Outback ', but a dry summer can leave
6600-418: The route between Berrima and Prestons also renamed Hume Motorway), with route A28 between Prestons and Liverpool, and route A22 from Liverpool to its terminus at Ashfield. Between February 2009 and March 2012, both carriageways were widened between Brooks Road and Narellan Road. This work was undertaken in 3 stages. The first stage, widening to 4 lanes each way between Brooks Road and St Andrews Road St Andrews
6688-544: The state border with New South Wales). The passing of the Highways and Vehicles Act of 1924 provided for the declaration of State Highways, roads two-thirds financed by the State government through the Country Roads Board. North-Eastern Highway was declared a State Highway on 1 July 1925, cobbled from a collection of roads from Melbourne through Seymour, Benalla, Wangaratta and Wodonga to the Murray River (for
6776-438: The strip. The Sydney Road Brunswick Association was formed in the early 1990s to provide a focus for action to revive the strip, utilising a range of community development and marketing techniques. With postwar immigration, many migrant families established businesses. The multicultural nature of business on Sydney Road is reflected in the cuisines offered by its restaurants and cafes. Italian, Greek and Balkan cuisines were once
6864-479: The tablelands near Moss Vale and Sutton Forest . On another expedition in 1818, he reached Lake Bathurst and the " Goulburn Plains ". Many of the early explorers would most likely have used aboriginal guides, but they do not appear to have given them credit. After Charles Throsby's 1818 journey towards present day Goulburn, followed by Hamilton Hume and William Hovell's overland journey from Appin (near Campbelltown) to Port Phillip and return in 1824, development of
6952-498: The tablelands, Hume Highway uses the Bargo Ramp , a geological feature which provides one of the few easy crossings of the escarpment. In the first twenty years of European settlement at Sydney (established 1788), exploration southwest of Sydney was slow. This area was heavily wooded at the time, especially the " Bargo brush ", which was regarded as almost impenetrable. In 1798 explorers (Wilson, Price, Hacking, and Collins) reached
7040-420: The three main roads in the colony. However, its southern reaches were described as only a "scarcely formed bullock track" as late as 1858. The road was improved in the mid-1860s with some sections near Gundagai " metalled " and all creeks bridged between Adelong Creek (approximately 10 kilometres south of Gundagai and now known as the village of Tumblong) and Albury. Mitchell's route in New South Wales, except for
7128-464: The upgrade, but no timetable had been set for the project. In addition a 4-level interchange between Hume Freeway and the proposed Outer Metropolitan Ring Road is slated to start construction in the 2030s. Duplication works on the highway began in the 1960s and concluded in 2013. The entire route between Sydney and Melbourne is now a dual carriageway, limited access highway . In April 2007, 'point-to-point' fixed speed-camera sites were installed, in
7216-512: The upper portion of the shield, above the highway's number. The shield, text and number are coloured yellow while the background is dark green – the national colours of Australia . In 2014, the route makers retained the national colours, although the word "NATIONAL" was removed in the Australian Capital Territory , New South Wales , and parts of both Queensland and Victoria . National Highway numbering originates from
7304-532: Was completed in 2010. The second stage, widening to 4 lanes each way between St Andrews Road and Raby Road commenced in 2009 and was completed in mid-2011. The final stage, widening to 3 lanes each way between Raby Road and Narellan Road, commenced in September 2010 and was completed in March 2012. Construction of a pedestrian bridge over the highway to link Claymore and Woodbine was also completed. This section of
7392-886: Was left as National Highway 31 south of the ring road along its original alignment into central Melbourne. Once the Craigieburn bypass was opened in 2005 and National Route M31 was re-routed onto the new bypass, the old route was replaced with Metropolitan Route 55 from Craigieburn to the central suburb of Docklands . The passing of the Road Management Act 2004 granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads : VicRoads declared this road as Sydney Road (Arterial #5733), beginning from Bell Street in Coburg and ending at Brunswick Road, Brunswick in 2004, and as Coburg-Craigieburn Road (Arterial #5500), from Bell Street to where it meets Hume Freeway in Craigieburn in 2006;
7480-576: Was required to remove existing tolling on the former F3 and former F6 inter-urban freeways, even though the former F6 did not become part of a National Highway until 2005. The Sydney to Adelaide route via the Hume and Sturt highways, and the Melbourne to Brisbane route via the Newell Highway, were added as links of the National Highway network in November 1992 under the 1988 Act, however
7568-472: Was sealed, there was also 3,807 kilometres (2,366 mi) worth of gravel roads. The National Highway was gradually improved, with the sealed proportion increased from 73 per cent in the early 1970s to 88 per cent by 1981. The sealing works were completed in 1989. Since 2005, National Highways were no longer defined in federal legislation. However, the routes were marked with a National Highway route marker up until 2013. These markers have "NATIONAL" printed in
7656-495: Was superseded in 1965 by a concrete box culvert which in turn was superseded by the current route of the highway when it was duplicated in 1972. By contrast, in Victoria there was an early and major change to Mitchell's route. Mitchell's original route between Albury and Melbourne went through Mitchellstown on the Goulburn River and took a long detour to the west of Mount Macedon . In March 1837 Charles Bonney blazed
7744-515: Was trialled from May 2016. Hume Highway has many former route allocations including former National Route 31. Where and when the former route numbers were implemented are stated below. Ashfield – Chullora: Chullora – Warwick Farm: Warwick Farm – Casula: Casula – Prestons: Prestons – Campbelltown: Campbelltown – Ettamogah: Ettamogah – NSW/VIC border: NSW/VIC border – Campbellfield: Hume Highway exits and major intersections are spread across 840 kilometres (520 mi) in
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