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63-543: The Hunterdon County Vocational School District is a technical and vocational public school district serving students in ninth through twelfth grades and adult learners, located in Raritan Township , and serving all of Hunterdon County , in the U.S. state of New Jersey . Students attend the district's school on a half-day basis for specialized training in 11 core program areas, starting in their sophomore year. Most standard academic courses are taken at

126-517: A baccalauréat professionnel for students who do not plan to continue into higher education. Nearly 100 specialties are covered. In France, at post-secondary level, there are also university technical institutes (in French: " Institut Universitaire de Technologie ") offering vocational bachelor's degrees . A vocational school in Ireland is a type of secondary education school which places

189-577: A meesterproef ( masterpiece ) - they were called meester ( master craftsman ). In 1795, all of the guilds in the Netherlands were disbanded by Napoleon , and with them the guild vocational schooling system. After the French occupation, in the 1820s, the need for quality education caused more and more cities to form day and evening schools for various trades. In 1854, the society Maatschappij tot verbetering van den werkenden stand (society to improve

252-428: A CEGEP directly out of high school, and then complete three years at a university (rather than the usual four), to earn an undergraduate degree. Alternatively, some CEGEPs offer vocational training, but it is more likely that vocational training will be found at institutions separate from academic institutions, though they may still be called colleges. Although many (if not most) vocational programs are in high school. In

315-456: A Quebec student who has completed a CEGEP diploma would begin a 3-year Quebec-based university program in Year 1 whereas an out-of-province student who has completed grade 12 would instead begin the same Quebec-based university program in Year 0. Contrarily, students who possess a CEGEP diploma may also generally attend out-of-province universities in which case diplomas are treated by universities in

378-738: A bachelors degree like in classical university, and after 5 years they get a professional specialist degree. In Greece vocational school is known as Vocational Lyceum (2006–Present), it was named Technical Vocational Lyceum (1985–1998). It is an upper secondary education school (high school) of Greece, with a three-year duration. Some have a wide range of majors, others only a few majors. Vocational majors are in Electrical Installation, Electronics and Automation, Meganotronics, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Cooling, Nursing, Hairdressing, Graphic Design, Food Technology, Dental Technology, Aesthetic and Makeup, and others. The Finnish system

441-509: A chosen field in university (Sciences, Humanities, Commerce or Arts). Upon the completion of studies, the provincial government issues a Diploma of College Studies (DCS), or DEC ( Diplôme d'études collégiales ). Students are then prepared to complete certain undergraduate programs at a Quebec university in 3 years, as opposed to 4 years outside Quebec. Students with a DEC who choose to attend university in another province in Canada or outside

504-615: A college certificate ( Attestation of College Studies (ACS), (in French) : Attestation d'études collégiales — AEC ), which is similar to a DEC but does not include the core curriculum. This certificate is delivered by a college's continuing education department, while a diploma is issued by the Ministry of Education, Recreation, and Sport of Quebec (later renamed The Ministry of Education and Higher Education, Ministère de l'Éducation et de l'Enseignement Supérieur in French). In addition,

567-483: A college in different parts of Central and Eastern Europe. Technicums provided a middle level of vocational education. Aside of technicums and PTU there also were vocational schools ( Russian : Профессиональные училища) that also provided a middle level of vocational education. In 1920-30s Ukraine, technicums were a (technical) vocational institutes , however, during the 1930-32s Soviet educational reform they were degraded in their accreditation. Institutes were considered

630-479: A core curriculum, consisting of 14 courses: four first language and two second language courses (either English or French), three Humanities courses (Philosophy in French CEGEPs), three Physical Education courses and two complementary courses (elective courses unrelated to the program of study). Quebec colleges also offer three-year professional programs for students who wish to pursue a skilled trade. Unlike

693-456: A free daily school lunch. Tools and practice material are provided to the students for free. Any necessary books are also free for all students born during or after 2005. In tertiary education, there are higher vocational schools ( ammattikorkeakoulu which is translated to "polytechnic" or "university of applied sciences"), which give three- to four-year degrees in more involved fields, like engineering (see insinööri (amk) ) and nursing. Having

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756-612: A general studies program in Quebec complete six years of primary school (grades 1 through 6), followed by five years of secondary school (called grades 7 through 11 or secondary 1 to secondary 5 in English and 1 secondaire au 5 secondaire in French). Quebec students complete one grade fewer in total than other North American students before beginning post-secondary studies, completing high school at grade 11 instead of grade 12. CEGEP programs are typically two years in length with

819-468: A higher level of education; however, unlike universities, they were more oriented to a particular trade. With the reorganization of the Soviet education system, most institutes have been renamed as technical universities. In ex-Yugoslavian countries (Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Montenegro and North Macedonia) there are technical high schools that can have three or four years courses. If

882-480: A large emphasis on vocational and technical education ; this led to some conflict in the 1960s when the Regional Technical College system was in development. Since 2013 the schools have been managed by Education and Training Boards , which replaced Vocational Education Committees which were largely based on city or county boundaries. Establishment of the schools is largely provided by

945-679: A modified year 12 certificate and commence a school-based apprenticeship in a trade of their choice. There are two trade colleges in Queensland; Brisbane, the Gold Coast, Australian Industry Trade College and one in Adelaide, St. Patrick's Technical College, and another in Perth, Australian Trades College. In Queensland, students can also undertake VET at private and public high schools instead of studying for their overall position (OP), which

1008-414: A person finishes three year course he will get a trade degree, or a technician degree if he finishes four. After technical high school a person can go to university. In Croatia there are two types of universities where people can continue their education: Classical universities (Sveučilište) and Universities of applied sciences (Veleučilište). In Universities of applied sciences, after three years students get

1071-689: A professional one, such as nursing, or mechanical technology, or vice-versa. A product of the Quiet Revolution , the CEGEP system was started in 1967 by the Quebec provincial government and originally consisted of 12 CEGEPs. Today, 48 CEGEPs operate in Quebec, of which five use English as their medium of instruction. There are also College Centres ( Centre d'études collégiales ), small public post-secondary education colleges very similar to CEGEPs, often secondary stand alone campuses of CÉGEPs, like

1134-438: A professional program can continue their studies at a university for higher education. Academic programs are typically two years in duration, filling the gap between secondary school and undergraduate degrees, which are both one year shorter in Quebec relative to elsewhere in Canada. The purpose of a separate collegiate education level is to make post-secondary education more accessible in Quebec. It also ensures that students have

1197-545: A proper academic preparation to succeed at university . There are both public subsidized and private colleges, with the public CEGEPs having little or no tuition fee. A unique aspect of CEGEP education is that all students must follow mandatory general education courses, together, irrespective of their professional or academic path. These core courses include French, English, Humanities (Philosophy in French CEGEPS), and Physical Education. This common trunk of courses

1260-414: A secondary diploma, unless the diploma was earned in another province or country. However, some private English schools in Quebec offer Grade 12 which does allow access to university without needing to earn a DEC. Professional programs are typically three years in duration, with specialization in courses leading to a career right after graduation. Depending on the university, students with DEC diplomas from

1323-743: A staggered basis, with either one or two members up for reappointment each year. The board appoints a superintendent to oversee the district's day-to-day operations and a business administrator to supervise the business functions of the district. Vocational school This type of institution may also be called a trade school , career center , career college , or vocational college . Vocational schools were called "technical colleges" in Australia, and there were more than 20 schools specializing in vocational educational training (VET). Only four technical colleges remain, and these are now referred to as "trade colleges". At these colleges, students complete

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1386-446: A total of about 50 trades. The basic categories of education are The vocational schools are usually owned by the municipalities, but in special cases, private or state vocational schools exist. The state grants aid to all vocational schools on the same basis, regardless of the owner. On the other hand, the vocational schools are not allowed to operate for profit. The Ministry of Education issues licences to provide vocational education. In

1449-433: A vocational degree also qualifies a person to apply to a university. In contrast to the vocational school, an academically orientated upper secondary school, or senior high school ( Finnish : lukio ) teaches no vocational skills. It prepares students for entering the university or a higher vocational school. In France, the lycée professionnel (LP, formerly known as a lycée d'enseignement professionnel (LEP)) grants

1512-410: A year, and their training and certifications are rarely recognized by the larger academic world. In addition, as most career colleges are private schools , this group may be further subdivided into non-profit schools and proprietary schools, operated for the sole economic benefit of their owners. As a result of this emphasis on the commercialization of education, a widespread poor reputation for quality

1575-583: Is a publicly funded college providing general, professional, academic or a mix of programs; they are exclusive to the province of Quebec's education system . A loanword from French , it originates from the French acronym for collège d'enseignement général et professionnel , sometimes known in English as a "General and Professional College"—it is now considered a word in itself. Although all colleges in Quebec are colloquially referred to as CEGEPs, only public colleges are officially referred to by that name. Both public (CEGEPs) and private colleges have

1638-465: Is a tertiary entrance score. However these students usually undertake more limited vocational education of one day per week whereas in the trade colleges the training is longer. Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, and education evolved independently in each province, much like separate countries. Vocational School is an old antiquated term that was previously used until the late 1960s when

1701-435: Is capping their enrolments. This move has created concerns from the English language education sector that Quebecois will increasingly seek higher education outside the province, with Quebec employers voicing concerns that this will reduce the amount of labour to which they have access. Dawson student union voiced the view that English-language universities in Quebec will become elitist institutions, and that this would not be

1764-417: Is divided between vocational and academic paths. Currently about 47 percent of Finnish students at age 16 go to vocational school. The vocational school is a secondary school for ages 16–21, and prepares the students for entering the workforce. The curriculum includes little academic general education, while the practical skills of each trade are stressed. The education is divided into eight main categories with

1827-458: Is not always required that students graduate from high school). Some have a wide range of majors, others only a few majors. Some examples are computer technology , fashion and English . Comprehensive Employment and Training Act CEGEP A CEGEP ( / s eɪ ˈ ʒ ɛ p / say- ZHEP or / ˈ s iː dʒ ɛ p / SEE -jep ; French : cégep , pronounced [seʒɛp] ; also written CÉGEP and cegep )

1890-436: Is represented in the forms of (professional) vocational technical schools often abbreviated as PTU, technical colleges (technikum) and technical high school. Vocational school or Vocational college is considered a post-secondary education type school, but combines the coursework of a high school and junior college stretching for six years. In Ukraine, the term is used mostly for sports schools sometimes interchangeably with

1953-483: Is the largest American national education association dedicated to the advancement of career and technical education or vocational education that prepares youth and adults for careers. Earlier vocational schools such as the California Institute of Technology and Carnegie Mellon University have gone on to become full degree-granting institutions. In Central and Eastern Europe , vocational education

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2016-649: The Centre d'études collégiales à Chibougamau , part of the Cégep de Saint-Félicien . CEGEPs network was created in 1967 under the responsibility of the first Minister of Education Paul Gérin-Lajoie , the Father of CEGEPs. The legislation was proposed following the Parent Report 's recommendation criticising the difficult and discriminatory access to higher education and the under-schooling of French-Canadians . Before

2079-966: The Haagsche Kookschool in The Hague . In 1968 the Mammoetwet law changed all of this, effectively dissolving the Ambachtsschool and the Huishoudschool. The name was changed to LTS ( lagere technische school , lower technical school), where mainly boys went because of its technical nature, and the other option, where most girls went, was LBO ( lager beroepsonderwijs , lower vocational education). In 1992 both LTS and LBO changed to VBO ( voorbereidend beroepsonderwijs , preparatory vocational education) and since 1999 VBO together with MAVO ( middelbaar algemeen voortgezet onderwijs , intermediate general secondary education) changed to

2142-529: The United States , there is a very large difference between career college and vocational college. The term career college is generally reserved for post-secondary for-profit institutions. Conversely, vocational schools are government-owned or at least government-supported institutions, requiring two full years of study, and their credits are usually accepted elsewhere in the academic world. In some instances, charter academies or magnet schools may take

2205-425: The 1920-30s, such PTUs were called schools of factory and plant apprenticeship, and later 1940s - vocational schools. Sometime after 1959, the name PTU was established, however, with the reorganization of the Soviet educational system these vocational schools were renamed into lyceums. There were several types of PTUs such as middle city PTU and rural PTU. Technical college (technicum) is becoming an obsolete term for

2268-471: The Robillard Reform launched a revision or programmes of study defined by the Ministry of Education. These programmes were reevaluated according to the expectations of the industry. A committee evaluating college teachers was created. Students in Quebec who intend to pursue post-secondary education must attend a college (i.e., CEGEP) before enrolling in a Quebec university. Students who follow

2331-576: The academic programs, these are not preparation for university, although this does not prevent a student from attending a university afterwards. The professional programs also lead to a DEC. Examples of such professional programs are Industrial Electronics, Architectural Technology, Nursing, Building Engineering Technology, Computer Science, and Theatre. Though those programs can also lead to the university, they are geared towards immediate employment after completion. Adult continuing education programs are also offered at colleges. Many of those programs lead to

2394-406: The country are eligible to either skip the first year and enter university as a second year student, or gain advanced standing or extra credit for their first year. The amount of extra credit accepted is at the discretion of each university. In practice, most universities do accept Quebec college credits, but only up to one year, given the difference in structure of education systems between Quebec and

2457-570: The current VMBO ( voorbereidend middelbaar beroepsonderwijs , preparatory intermediate vocational education). In India vocational schools are mainly run by the government under the guidance of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. Courses offered by the Government of India are Udaan, Polytechnics, Parvaaz, National Rural Livelihood Mission, Industrial Training Institutes, Aajeevika mission of national rural livelihood, Craftsmen Training Scheme. The Skill India movement has empowered

2520-694: The curriculum has changed so that no matter which type of school one attends, they can still attend any post-secondary institution and still study a variety of subjects and others (either academic or practical). In Ontario, the Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities divided post-secondary education into universities, community colleges and private career colleges. In the Province of Quebec, there are some vocational programs offered at institutions called CEGEPs ( collège d'enseignement général et professionnel ), but these too may function as an introduction to university. Generally, students complete two years at

2583-490: The district's administration are: The district's board of education is comprised of the county superintendent of schools and six public members who set policy and oversee the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its administration. As a Type I school district, the board's trustees are appointed by the Hunterdon County Board of County Commissioners to serve four-year terms of office on

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2646-608: The education system evolved from basic primary education to include High School and then technical schools or colleges in the mid 1960s. In the past (pre mid 1960s) some provinces Vocational schools in Western Canada were sometimes called " colleges " in Canada. However, a college may also refer to an institution that offers part of a university degree, or credits that may be transferred to a university. In Ontario Technical schools like Central Technical School in Toronto, which

2709-549: The education system in Quebec . One of the innovations of CEGEPs was the integration of professional and academic programs within the same institution, which was merged from existing schools, and which would be implemented throughout the province. This transitory phase between high school and university, or between high school and the job market, also improves access to university or the job market. The first 12 CEGEPs opened in September 1967 are (in alphabetical order): In 1993,

2772-522: The exception of certain professional programs that are three years in length; the latter programs are generally for those wishing to enter a profession . Following successful completion of CEGEP, most in-province undergraduate programs are three years in length for Quebec students; hence, the total number of years of study for Quebec students from primary school through a bachelor's degree is the same as for other students in North America. For example,

2835-903: The grade 12 requirements of the institution to which they are applying. Second, students may complete one year of CEGEP courses prior to transferring to an out-of-province university so as to begin in the first year of an out-of-province post-secondary degree. For example, students wishing to attend an Ontario university may complete one year of CEGEP and apply as a regular applicant who has completed grade 12 in Ontario. Third, students who have completed two years of CEGEP may apply for admission with one year of advanced standing to post-secondary institutions outside of Quebec. Most, but not all colleges offer three types of programs: general, professional and academic. The general programs take three years to complete. The professional programs take three years to complete. The academic programs take two. These programs share

2898-693: The licence, the municipality or a private entity is given permission to train a yearly quota of students for specific trades. The licence also specifies the area where the school must be located and the languages used in the education. The vocational school students are selected by the schools on the basis of criteria set by the Ministry of Education. The basic qualification for the study is completed nine-year comprehensive school. Anyone may seek admission in any vocational school regardless of their domicile. In certain trades, bad health or invalidity may be acceptable grounds for refusing admission. The students do not pay tuition and they must be provided with health care and

2961-468: The majority of the province's thirty-one "Technology Transfer Centres" have been established by CEGEPs. At these centres, applied research is carried out in a specific field in cooperation with industrial partners. A academic program is two years long. It covers both the subject matter that roughly corresponds to the additional year of high school common elsewhere in Canada and the courses corresponding to those taken in first-year university in preparation for

3024-494: The mid 1960s a Vocational School was a trades or job training school that provided training in a very focused trades related area, and these were started in the early 1950s, and the few that existed were merged as departments of the Community colleges that were established starting in the mid 1960s . Secondary schools had evolved into three separated streams: technical schools, commercial and collegiates (the academic schools). By

3087-408: The mid 1960s in suburban areas purpose built High Schools for slow learners or individuals that were being trained for jobs after high school was also termed "vocational schools". By the early late 1960s many of the technical and commercial school programs in large populated areas like around Toronto, were being merged or had purpose built combined schools were being built. While the schools still exist,

3150-852: The other schools then available in Ireland. This was mainly because traditional courses such as the leaving certificate were not available at the schools, however this changed with the Investment in Education (1962) report which resulted in an upgrade in their status. Currently about 24% of secondary education students attend these schools. In the Middle Ages boys learned a vocation through an apprenticeship . They were usually 10 years old when they entered service, and were first called leerling ( apprentice ), then gezel ( journeyman ) and after an exam - sometimes with an example of workmanship called

3213-490: The place of the final years of high school . Additionally, most schools offer off-campus buildings, or partner with vocational schools in order for students to gain a certificate, as well as gaining the needed credit to graduate. With the dual enrollment, the student would graduate with both their high school diploma, as well as their vocational certificate. Career colleges on the other hand are generally not government supported in any capacity, occupy periods of study less than

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3276-435: The reform, 2-3 more years were necessary for French-Canadians to attain university than for English-Canadians . Moreover, urban residents had far greater chance to receive post-secondary education than people living in rural area, at the time post-secondary education was divided into numerous parallel schools, such as nursing school, normal schools, classical colleges, etc. CEGEPs were henceforth created in order to harmonise

3339-470: The rest of the provinces. Students can attend either a French-language or English-language CEGEP. There are significantly more French CEGEPs than English ones; only five public colleges (plus a couple of private ones) are in English, with all the remainder being French. The English-language CEGEPs are particularly popular among immigrants and English-speaking Quebecers. As this conflicts with the Quebec government's goal of promoting French language education, it

3402-441: The same function in Quebec. Although they may occasionally be compared to junior colleges or community colleges , CEGEPs differ in that a Diploma of College Studies (or Diplôme d'études collégiales , DEC) is required for university admission in Quebec, unless a student enters as a mature student, which typically means a minimum age of 21, with other requirements. A student in Quebec typically cannot enter university with only

3465-621: The same manner as the 2-year college diplomas ( associate degree ) or are awarded with one year of advanced standing . Some advanced courses at the CEGEP level may be assessed as equivalent to introductory courses at university. For students intending on completing their post-secondary studies outside of Quebec, there are three options. First, several Quebec-based secondary schools have a specialized curriculum for students who wish to enter directly into out-of-province post-secondary programs. In these instances, students may take one year of courses at high schools that offer this option in order to fulfill

3528-467: The standards of all these institutions. Apart from these the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has included many vocational subjects in their senior secondary education. In Japan vocational schools are known as senmon gakkō ( 専門学校 ) . They are a part of Japan's higher education system. There are two-year schools that many students study at after finishing high school (although it

3591-425: The state; funding is through the block grant system providing about 90% of necessary funding requirements. Vocational schools typically have further education courses in addition to the traditional courses at secondary level. For instance, post leaving certificate courses which are intended for school leavers and pre- third level education students. Until the 1970s the vocational schools were seen as inferior to

3654-500: The student's home high school. As of the 2022–23 school year, the district, comprising three schools, had an enrollment of 322 students and 23.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.0:1. Schools in the district (with 2022–23 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics ) are: Hunterdon County Polytech Career Academy with 211 students in grades 9-12 Core members of

3717-410: The term college. Such college could be a separate entity or a branch of bigger university. Successful graduates receive a specialist degree . PTUs are usually preparatory vocational education and are equivalent to the general education of the third degree in the former Soviet education, providing a lower level of vocational education (apprenticeship). It could be compared to a trade high school . In

3780-668: The working class) was founded in Amsterdam, that changed its name in 1861 to the Maatschappij voor de Werkende Stand (Society for the working class). This society started the first public vocational school ( De Ambachtsschool ) in Amsterdam , and many cities followed. At first only for boys, later the Huishoudschool (housekeeping) was introduced as vocational schooling for girls. Housekeeping education began in 1888 with

3843-409: Was designed as a rampart against excessive class divisions, and to democratize teaching of literature and philosophy. An important advantage of the CEGEP system is the ability students have of changing programs without losing too many credits. This ability to try programs without risking losing whole semesters of education, allows students to change their minds and switch from a academic career path to

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3906-563: Was retained by a great number of career colleges for over promising what the job prospects for their graduates would be in their field of study upon completion of their program, and for emphasizing the number of careers from which a student could choose. Even though the popularity of career colleges has exploded in recent years, the number of government-sponsored vocational schools in the United States has decreased significantly. The Association for Career and Technical Education (ACTE)

3969-466: Was started in the late 1800s to train workers in the evening, eventually evolved into high schools when the education system was extended to the high school level. When the public education system was expanded in by the early 1920s high school level education was provided in Technical / Commercial Schools or Collegiate Institutes in a hybrid high school/ college level like situation. In Ontario prior to

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