Commercial broadcasting (also called private broadcasting ) is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship, for example. It was the United States' first model of radio (and later television) during the 1920s, in contrast with the public television model during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, which prevailed worldwide, except in the United States, Mexico, and Brazil, until the 1980s.
89-449: Network 10 (commonly known as the 10 Network , Channel 10 or simply 10 ) is an Australian commercial television network owned by Ten Network Holdings , a wholly-owned subsidiary of Paramount Global 's UK & Australia division. As one of five national free-to-air networks, 10's owned-and-operated stations can be found in the state capital cities of Sydney , Melbourne , Brisbane , Adelaide and Perth while affiliates extend
178-510: A datacast service on LCN 14, on 24 September 2012. In late 2012, Ten reported a loss of $ 12.9m as it battled poor advertising markets and failed to hold larger audience numbers. They made positions at the station redundant and said that production may become centralised. Ten launched Spree TV , an Australian free-to-air datacasting television channel mainly carrying paid programming and home shopping , on 17 September 2013, on LCN 15, with Brand Developers. Analogue broadcasts ceased in
267-593: A 33% share in the multichannel Eleven and was Ten's largest creditor) had entered into a binding agreement to purchase the company for $ 123 million. CBS refinanced Ten's existing debt including guarantor fees to billionaire shareholders James Packer, Lachlan Murdoch and Bruce Gordon, and existing loans from the Commonwealth Bank. Shareholders in Ten Network Holdings lost their investment. Gordon and Murdoch had also placed their own joint bid for
356-488: A bidding partnership with Foxtel. In July 2015, Paul Anderson was announced as the new chief executive officer. A high-definition simulcast of 10 was revived on 2 March 2016. As a result, One , now known as 10 Bold, began broadcasting in standard definition only. On 29 April 2016, the Nine Network pulled its regional affiliation with WIN Television over a lawsuit involving its catch-up service 9Now , and announced
445-479: A cliffhanger and they were the first to do a summer cliffhanger, where the cliffhangers would be ramped up with every character in peril over the six week break the show took for the summer hiatus. In 1972, it was the car crash of Gordon (Joe James) and in 1973, Bev (Victoria Raymond) was shot. In 1974, Patti (Pamela Garrick) was the shock second victim of the Pantyhose Strangler, but in 1975, instead of
534-543: A company registered in the Netherlands. Following the CBS acquisition, the network became a division of CBS Studios International. Ten moved to commission more Australian content. The additional programs were financed by the savings from the dissolution of Ten's output agreement with 21st Century Fox. CBS also moved to re-establish an in-house advertising sales department for 2019, bringing to an end Ten's four-year period with
623-482: A death, it was the mysterious resurrection of Jaja (Anya Saleky) who was thought to be dead. For its last summer cliffhanger, a drunk Herb ( Ron Shand ) was seen leaving Sydney on a train with a mystery blonde out to rob him. During 1974, the series shifted its emphasis from sexual situations and drama to focus more on comedy. After the introduction of colour TV in 1975, ratings went into decline as its audience began switching over to bigger budget American shows (that year
712-545: A drama course in England. Also suggested was a young Bryan Brown (although having been in England he had acquired a British accent, and was considered unsuitable by producer Bill Harmon, even though he hailed from Parramatta). The Duke and Duchess of Bedford visited the set and appeared in a cameo in the series, in a storyline in which they come to visit Baroness Amanda Ashton / von Pappenburg (played by Carol Raye ). The series became famous for every episode ending in
801-476: A four-storey city apartment block at the fictional 96 Lindsay Street, Paddington. The show was conceived by British novelist David Sale (who also was a screenwriter who worked on the series) and developed by production firm Cash Harmon Productions The series was originally commissioned by the then flagging 0-10 network to make a soap opera with similar elements to the British series " Coronation Street , but
890-413: A gay character in a regular role and the first to be portrayed as a sympathetic character and in a positive light. Hasham's Finlayson gained a cult following and been acknowledged as doing much for gay-lib. Don was depicted as being dependable, sincere and kind, yet he was not effeminate and came across as straight acting, though he had no hang-ups about being gay. Don would have several gay relationships in
979-529: A heroin drug storyline was explored with 15-year-old schoolgirl Debbie Chester ( Dina Mann ). She was seen being taught how to inject heroin with a needle, in a storyline designed to warn parents how easy it was. The first shock moment involved heavily pregnant Helen Eastwood ( Briony Behets ) finding her husband Mark (Martin Harris) in their bed with Rose Godolfus (in what was TV's first topless nude scene until censors ordered it to be cut). Helen ran out, fell down
SECTION 10
#17327795822041068-571: A ladies man, in sequences made primarily for comedic effect. Prior to Number 96 TV's first gay character had been seen the previous year in the US sitcom All in the Family but he was a one-off. In the storyline a friend of Archie Bunker 's, (portrayed by Carroll O'Connor ) known only as "Steve" played by Phillip Carey in a guest part came out as gay telling Bunker of his sexuality in an early episode titled "Judging Books By Covers". after which however
1157-399: A little racier". The show was a daring last-bid attempt from a network struggling on the verge of bankruptcy, and its immediate success (and advertising revenue) helped it become more competitive by buying successful new international shows such as The Waltons and M*A*S*H . By 1974, the network was number one in the ratings for the first time in its history. Number 96 became one of
1246-494: A new affiliation agreement with Southern Cross Austereo , Ten's then-primary regional affiliate. Ten subsequently negotiated a five-year affiliation deal with WIN; the new affiliations took effect on 1 July, with WIN becoming the carrier of Network Ten programming in regional Queensland, Northern NSW, Southern NSW, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia, the Australian Capital Territory and
1335-463: A new digital channel, Eleven , on 11 January 2011. The channel is aimed at a "distinctly youthful" audience between the ages of 13 and 29. Neighbours and The Simpsons were high-profile programs migrating from Ten to the new channel. The channel was a joint venture with CBS Studios International , which owned a 33% stake. On 8 May 2011, Ten relaunched its sports-based channel One , with general entertainment programming aimed at males taking over
1424-430: A nod to vaudeville . The highest rating episode was when it was revealed that Lucy Sutcliffe's (portrayed by Elisabeth Kirkby ) lump in her breast was benign, after which many women went to their doctors to be tested for cancer, an issue that was not discussed much at the time and long before singer Kylie Minogue went public with her diagnosis. Based during an era of mass (white) emigration to Australia, mostly from
1513-419: A prostitute and is asked to whip her male client, new Number 96 resident Toby Buxton ( Malcolm Thompson ), featured a brief glimpse of his full frontal male nudity. Another world first in its dying months was the first use of a four letter word in a TV drama, when Grant Chandler asked if anyone found the word 'shit' offensive. There was also the sight of Flo sitting on a toilet when Dorrie accidentally opened
1602-461: A violent storyline that upset some real-life bikers. As ratings fell, the boldest move in the show's final months was showing full frontal nudity with the arrival of Miss Hemingway, a delusional psychiatric patient who didn't like wearing clothes. The move, however, attracted just three complaints, despite being screened on free to air TV at 8.30 pm. Other bedroom farce sequences featured male and female nudity. A scene where Jane Chester becomes
1691-406: Is an Australian primetime soap opera that aired on 0-10 Network (the forerunner of what is now Network Ten) from 13 March 1972 to 11 August 1977, originally broadcast in the primetime slot of 8:30 pm for 5 x half-hour episodes every weeknight, then later 2 x one hour episodes screened per week. Originally it aired in black and white monochrome until halfway through its run. From March 1975, it
1780-544: Is available and WorldSpace Satellite Radio was available. The best and most known commercial broadcasters in Asia are the South Korean radio and television networks SBS , Hong Kong television networks TVB , Taiwanese television networks FTV and Philippine radio and television networks GMA Network . Contemporary hit radio in bold . & Borno Radio Television (BRTV) Number 96 (TV series) Number 96
1869-598: Is known as leased access . Other programming (particularly on cable television) is produced by companies operating in much the same manner as advertising-funded commercial broadcasters, and they (and often the local cable provider) sell commercial time in a similar manner. The FCC's interest in program control began with the chain-broadcasting investigation of the late 1930s, culminating in the "Blue Book" of 1946 , Public Service Responsibility For Broadcast Licensees . The Blue Book differentiated between mass-appeal sponsored programs and unsponsored "sustaining" programs offered by
SECTION 20
#17327795822041958-669: The Wollongong station WIN-4 in the early 1960s, around the same time he bought Festival Records . In 1977, frustrated by regulatory blocks that prevented him from expanding into the Sydney market, Murdoch sold WIN and purchased a 46% share in Ten Sydney. In 1979, Murdoch made an unsuccessful takeover bid for the Melbourne-based The Herald and Weekly Times media group, which originally owned HSV-7. Although
2047-449: The audience measurement of a station or network. This makes commercial broadcasters more accountable to advertisers than public broadcasting , a disadvantage of commercial radio and television. In Europe, commercial broadcasting coexists with public broadcasting (where programming is largely funded by broadcast receiver licenses , public donations or government grants). In the UK, Sky UK
2136-512: The 0-10 Network adopted the First in Colour slogan in 1974, within months before the 1 March 1975 transition to colour broadcasting. For its first five years, the 0-10 Network led a hand-to-mouth existence. By the beginning of the 1970s the network was in a precarious financial position and there were predictions that it would fail. In 1971, the 0-10 Network first aired Young Talent Time , which
2225-593: The ABC, which was funded by government budget allocation and (until 1972) by fees from television viewer licences. The second tier consisted of the commercial networks and independent stations owned by private operators, whose income came from selling advertising time. The network was launched as ATV-0 in Melbourne opened on 1 August 1964 and was owned by the Ansett Transport Industries , which at
2314-785: The Canadian-based Canwest media group, which held a controlling stake in the network until 2009. Also in 1992, the network commenced a strategy of targeting younger audiences. The Adelaide and Perth stations were re-acquired by the network in 1995. With the network having financially recovered, Ten Network Holdings floated on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1998. At this time, Ten had affiliate broadcasting agreements with Southern Cross Broadcasting in southern New South Wales, regional Victoria and Tasmania, and with Telecasters Australia in northern New South Wales and regional Queensland. In 2001, Ten opened
2403-611: The Foxtel-affiliated Multi Channel Network (MCN). One reason CBS acquired Ten was to assist the company to launch its CBS All Access streaming service in the Australian market. The service launched in December 2018 and was branded 10 All Access in the local market. On 31 October 2018, the network unveiled a new logo, replacing the "ten" wordmark used since 1991 with a stylised circle 10, and
2492-548: The Gold Coast. WIN owner and Ten's largest shareholder Bruce Gordon positioned himself to increase his ownership stake in Ten, subject to changes to media ownership laws being passed. Following Ten Network Holdings reporting a $ 232 million half year loss, billionaire shareholders Lachlan Murdoch , Bruce Gordon and James Packer withdrew support for $ 250 million guaranteed loan that would help keep Ten out of receivership. This loan
2581-631: The Knicker Snipper), the Pantyhose Strangler, the Hooded Rapist, and a bomb that exploded killing off four characters. A story where Rose Godolfus ( Vivienne Garrett ) took marijuana was the first time the Australian Broadcasting Control Board exercised the 101 censorship code, insisting that Rose must be shown to suffer from its effects. However, a few years later, at the request of NSW Police ,
2670-648: The Russian Roma Lubinski-Godulfus and the Italian deli worker Giovanni Lenzi and his aunt Maria Panucci. Fashion designer Vera Collins came from South Africa. Shorter-term characters included Indian Dr Bannerjee, African-Americans Chad Farrell and Hope Jackson, and indigenous Australian Rhonda Jackson. Number 96 was the first television program anywhere in the world to feature a full diverse range of LGBTQ characters as regulars, although many historians and scholars are unaware of this, because
2759-587: The Seven Network) , and the public ABC National Television Service (now ABC TV ). In the early 1960s, the Australian Government began canvassing the idea of licensing a third commercial television station in each capital city. This decision was seen by some as a way for the government to defuse growing public dissatisfaction with the dominance of imported overseas programming and the paucity of local content. The first of these third licences
Network 10 - Misplaced Pages Continue
2848-650: The TV comedy satire series The Mavis Bramston Show . Sale also wrote the scripts for the first episodes of Number 96 and continued as a script writer and storyliner for much of the show's run. A building at 83 Moncur Street, Woollahra , was used for exterior establishing shots of the block of flats. The majority of the recording was done on sets at the studios of Channel Ten based then in North Ryde , Sydney . Directors included Peter Benardos and Brian Phillis. Regular writers included David Sale, Johnny Whyte , who
2937-467: The UK, Number 96 , as befitting its inner-city location, presented a much more multicultural view of suburbia. Its longer-term British characters included originals Lucy Sutcliffe (Elisabeth Kirkby) and her husband Alf (James Elliot), who hailed from Lancashire, series writer David Sale stated he based the characters on his own parents from England, and even naming Lucy after his own mum, but whereas his own parents who had emigrated to Australia and loved
3026-645: The US and some Latin American countries. Commercial broadcasting is the dominant type of broadcasting in the United States and most of Latin America. "The US commercial system resulted from a carefully crafted cooperation endeavor by national corporations and federal regulators." The best-known commercial broadcasters in the United States today are the ABC , CBS , Fox , and NBC television networks , based in
3115-737: The United Kingdom, Channel 5 (which was owned by Viacom) as part of ViacomCBS Networks UK & Australia (now Paramount Networks UK & Australia ) division in January 2020. The following month, it was announced that the former Viacom channels in Australia would be brought under the Network 10 sales department, moving away from Foxtel Media (formerly MCN) in April. Network 10 also began to co-commission new programmes with Channel 5, including
3204-611: The United States with the Fox network, Australia's media ownership laws obliged him to dispose of the flagship television stations, which were sold to The Northern Star , an offshoot of the Westfield Group conglomerate controlled by property tycoon Frank Lowy . However, Westfield was badly hit by the stock market crash of 1987, and in 1989 sold Network Ten to a consortium led by Charles Curran and former television journalist Steve Cosser. The network became fully national in 1988 with
3293-528: The United States, non-commercial educational (NCE) television and radio exist in the form of community radio ; however, premium cable services such as HBO and Showtime generally operate solely on subscriber fees and do not sell advertising. This is also the case for the portions of the two major satellite radio systems that are produced in-house (mainly music programming). Radio broadcasting originally began without paid commercials. As time went on, however, advertisements seemed less objectionable to both
3382-460: The United States. Major cable television in the United States operators include Comcast , Charter Communications and Cox Communications . Direct-broadcast satellite (DBS) services include DirecTV and Dish Network . In an hour of broadcast time on a commercial broadcasting station, 10 to 20 minutes are typically devoted to advertising . Advertisers pay a certain amount of money to air their commercials , usually based upon program ratings or
3471-413: The actress became the first Aboriginal woman to appear on the cover of TV Week while publicising this role. The final year of Number 96 featured the reintroduction of sexual situations with more extreme nudity, and increasingly violent situations. Carol Raye , who played Amanda and stayed on behind the scenes to do casting, had left and creator David Sale also quit in its final months, concerned about
3560-575: The bid failed, he gained a 50% stake in Ansett , which thus gave him control of channel 0 in Melbourne. In 1979, 0-10 first aired the soap opera Prisoner , which was a huge rating success. On 20 January 1980, the 0-10 Network became known as Network Ten to reflect ATV moving from channel 0 to channel 10 – although the Brisbane station continued to broadcast as TVQ -0 until 10 September 1988 when
3649-482: The channels used by the first two stations launched in the group, ATV and TEN. Melbourne's ATV was the first station of the network to stage colour broadcasts in 1967, the broadcast was that of the horse races in Pakenham, Victoria , which was seen by network and RCA executives and invited members of the media and press. This would be the first of many test colour telecasts for the station, and in tribute to this event,
Network 10 - Misplaced Pages Continue
3738-500: The character was never seen or mentioned again. According to the publication The Great Clowns of American Television , comedian Ernie Kovacs was the first person to portray a gay character Percy Dovetonsils in his self-titled The Ernie Kovacs Show , although the term was not officially established at that time. The first regular gay character in the US occurred several months after Number 96 in 1972. Actor Vincent Schiavelli played Peter Panama in sitcom The Corner Bar , but he
3827-432: The company, which was not endorsed by the administrators. At a meeting held on 12 September, Ten's creditors overwhelmingly voted in support of CBS' bid, citing concerns over Murdoch's previous management of Ten and talk of mass job cuts in the news department under Murdoch/Gordon ownership. The CBS acquisition was completed on 16 November 2017, when the shares of Ten Network Holdings were transferred to CBS Network Ten BV ,
3916-803: The controversial black mass story-arc) Ray Meagher - Fred Shrimpton Carlotta - Robyn Ross (billed as "Carole Lea") Noeline Brown - Trixie Hazel Phillips - Marie Crowther Rowena Wallace - Muriel Thompson Anne Charleston - Madame Jacqueline / Mad Stella Tristan Rogers - Cain Carmichael Judy Lynne - Gloria Gould Julieanne Newbould - School girl who gets Debbie Chester hooked on drugs Johnny Ladd - Jimmy Jock Alastair Duncan - Vernon Saville Pat Bishop - Melissa Hobson Joyce Jacobs - Mrs. Daisy Carson (regular deli customer/one line extra) Numerous stars wanted to appear in roles, even racing identity Gai Waterhouse , who unsuccessfully auditioned after completing
4005-524: The country, he depicted Alf as the archetypal whinging pom who longed to go back to his native England In later years and having previously played Les Whittaker, Gordon McDougall returned to the series playing the role of Scottish aristocrat brother Lord McCraddenow, whilst Don Finlayson's Aunt Amanda von Pappanburg was a British Baroness who lived in Germany and visited Don on several occasions. Other European characters included Aldo Godolfus from Hungary,
4094-404: The door on her. These changes were made to combat falling viewing figures, but it didn't work and in April 1977 the series was cancelled due to declining ratings. Joe Hasham , Pat McDonald and Ron Shand were the only original cast members to remain to the final episode. . The series featured over 100 performers, including screenwriter and technicians. Many upcoming performers where given
4183-492: The doors to the Big Brother Australia house and, with it, reality television. The opening night of Big Brother became the most-watched program of the night. Big Brother became synonymous with the network in the 2000s, with the series lasting 8 season. Even after iterations on rival networks, Big Brother is set to return to 10 in 2025. The trend was then followed by the launching of the Australian version of
4272-505: The drama miniseries Lie With Me and documentary series The Royals Revealed . Commercial television network Commercial broadcasting is primarily based on the practice of airing radio advertisements and television advertisements for profit. This is in contrast to public broadcasting , which receives government subsidies and usually does not have paid advertising interrupting the show. During pledge drives , some public broadcasters will interrupt shows to ask for donations. In
4361-476: The early black-and-white episodes no longer exist, due primarily to network policy of the time of destroying or wiping tape. Producer Don Cash, used one of the world's first computers to figure out how the series could construct such a large output. The standard invented by him was later used on all Australian soaps created thereafter. The premise, original story outlines, and original characters were devised by series creator David Sale, who had also written for
4450-584: The launch of NEW-10 in Perth after the introduction of satellite facilities made it economical for the network to broadcast to Western Australia. Northern Star officially took hold of TVQ-10 later in the year because of swapping frequencies with neighbouring DDQ-0 in Toowoomba and rebranded CTC Canberra under the network banner in time for aggregation. In 1989, Ten's ratings were in decline, so on 23 July 1989, recently recruited network boss Bob Shanks relaunched
4539-612: The most popular Australian drama television series of all time, but due to its racy subject matter, it was unable to be picked up by many international markets. It was the first soap opera to screen in prime time five nights a week, and later became the first Australian TV series to inspire a US remake. Number 96 became infamous for its groundbreaking depictions of taboo subjects of the time, exploring issues such as homosexuality, abortion , rape , interracial romance, drug usage, pregnancy in later life, and transgenderism , but also its array of comedy characters with their own catchphrases, in
SECTION 50
#17327795822044628-427: The network celebrated its 40th birthday with a two-hour highlights package called Ten: Seriously 40 , which was hosted by Bert Newton and Rove McManus . On 27 October 2005, Network Ten announced that its long-running morning talk-variety program Good Morning Australia would be cancelled at the end of the year after a fourteen-year run. This ended host Bert Newtons 14-year association with Network Ten; although he
4717-475: The network is now referred to in the text as Network 10 . The new brand is used across all of Network 10's platforms and services, and was intended to reflect the broadcaster's positioning as an "adventurous alternative" with a "sense of fun". 10 also relaunched its multi channels Eleven and One as 10 Peach and 10 Boss , with Boss focusing on dramatic programming and targeting an older adult audience, and Peach continuing to be targeted towards young adults. 10 Boss
4806-712: The network to regional areas of the country. As of 2023, Network 10 is usually the fourth-rated television network and primary channel in Australia, behind the Seven Network , Nine Network and ABC TV and ahead of SBS . From the introduction of TV in 1956 until 1965, there were three television networks in Australia, the National Television Network (now the Nine Network) , the Australian Television Network (now
4895-429: The network, re-branding it as 10 TV Australia , and introducing several new programs, including four new prime time game shows. However, by the end of 1989, the ratings failed to improve and most of the new programs were cancelled, except for its Eyewitness News bulletins, Neighbours and E Street (debuting in late 1988). Meanwhile, Northern Star Holdings were having financial and regulatory problems. The company
4984-404: The opportunity in the industry to develop their performances, whilst an alumnus of the showbiz world made guest appearances Ian Russell, 13th Duke of Bedford and Nicole Russell, Duchess of Bedford appeared as themselves (special guests) John Laws - As Himself Mike Walsh - Walsh appears as Himself host Lorrae Desmond - Marion Carlton Toni Lamond - Karen Winters (featuring in
5073-543: The prevalent rankings, with the Nine Network typically in the first place, the Seven Network second, 0-10 third and ABC TV fourth. The gradual evolution of Network Ten into its current form has its origins in the ongoing attempts by media mogul Rupert Murdoch to acquire a prized commercial television licence in Australia's largest capital city market, Sydney. This began when Murdoch's News Limited purchased
5162-746: The public and government regulators and became more common. While commercial broadcasting was unexpected in radio, in television it was planned due to commercial radio's success. Television began with commercial sponsorship and later transformed to paid commercial time. When problems arose over patents and corporate marketing strategies, regulatory decisions were made by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to control commercial broadcasting. Commercial broadcasting overlaps with paid services such as cable television , radio and satellite television . Such services are generally partially or wholly paid for by local subscribers and
5251-475: The radio networks. This sustained programming, according to the Blue Book, had five features serving the public interest: Commercial time has increased 31 seconds per hour for all prime time television shows. For example, ABC has increased from 9 minutes and 26 seconds to 11 minutes and 26 seconds. Programming on commercial stations is more ratings-driven— particularly during periods such as sweeps in
5340-502: The reality singing competition format Idols called Australian Idol in 2003. Australian Idol was a hit for several years, lasting until 2009. In 2004, Network Ten enjoyed its best year since the 1970s, winning two rating weeks (out of 40) and finishing second nationally only behind the Nine Network and well ahead of the Seven Network . This was a departure from previous years; it has typically placed third behind Nine and Seven in most other rating years since 2000. In 2005, Canwest
5429-479: The regions on 10 December 2013. On 1 August 2014, the network celebrated its 50th anniversary. A television special related to the anniversary called 50 Years Young aired on 3 August 2014, after being rescheduled from 8 August by the network. On 15 June 2015, Foxtel (co-owned by News Corp ) bought 15% shares in Ten Network Holdings, pending approval from the ACCC. Prior to the acquisition, Discovery backed out from
SECTION 60
#17327795822045518-608: The schedule. It is aimed at a similar audience to 7mate . In 2012, Ten unsuccessfully launched many new programs. This led to Ten's ratings dropping to fourth place behind ABC TV for over thirty straight nights. The poor performance resulted in Chief Programming Officer David Mott's resignation. In September 2012, Ten made a partnership with TVSN , which meant the TVSN channel became available on Ten's free-to-air multiplex to metropolitan viewers as
5607-598: The series (and a few one-night stands), but maintained he was homosexual and never had relationships with woman. Don's first lover in early episodes would be bisexual photographer Bruce Taylor (Portrayed by Paul Weingott), Taylor would be TV's first bisexual character, whilst with Don he would have an affair with ruthless businesswoman Maggie Cameron, after Bruce fled, Don would form a more long-term and enduring relationship with hilariously camp bisexual chef Dudley "Dud" Butterfield. Don and Dudley would remain live together for 2 years and only separate when Dudley decided to become
5696-424: The series after ogling Vera Collins in the shower and being told her affections would not be returned. The series also featured TV's first ever transgender character, and remarkably she was played by a transgender actress, cabaret performer Carlotta . Robyn Ross was romanced by Arnold Feather ( Jeff Kevin ), a comic character whose early romances always ended in disaster. Although the relationship did not last, she
5785-444: The show was only the third highest-rated show of the year, behind The Six Million Dollar Man and repeats of Bewitched . A bold new storyline was devised to revitalise the series and in an unprecedented move, 40 complete scripts were discarded and rewritten. The Number 96 set was sealed off to non-essential personnel with a new storyline involving a mysterious figure planting bombs, with several false alarms. The dramatic storyline
5874-455: The show's change in direction. Without them, the show spun wildly out of control. Don and Dudley had split; Don's new boyfriend was schizophrenic Rob Forsyth ( John McTernan ) and then corrupt cult leader Joshua ( Shane Porteous ). The show's final months saw Dudley being graphically machine-gunned to death in the Wine Bar (now a disco called Duddles), and a neo-Nazi bikie gang ran amok in
5963-411: The show's controversial content meant it was unable to be screened outside of Australia. Even today, the show could not be screened on American network TV. There had been LGBTQ characters in programs before but these were primarily guest characters or fleeting mentions. Actor Joe Hasham appeared for the duration of the series, as Lawyer Don Finlayson. Hence, Number 96 was the first series to depict
6052-436: The stairs and miscarried, while Rose was later gang-raped by bikies. Later, doctor Gordon Vansard (Joe James) was struck off the books for providing drugs for an illegal abortion, while his wife Sonia ( Lynn Rainbow ) suffered from mental delusions, leaving but then returning for the film version of Number 96 . An early interracial kiss occurred between character Chad Farrell, played by Ronne Arnold , and Sonia (Lynn Rainbow),
6141-574: The station changed to TVQ-10. In 1987 Adelaide's Network Ten affiliate (SAS-10) and Seven Network affiliate (ADS-7) successfully negotiated to exchange affiliation rights and channel frequencies due to ownership problems. On 27 December 1987, the exchange came into effect and ADS-7, owned by the same owners as the main Network Ten stations, became ADS-10 with SAS-10 converting to SAS-7, operated by TVW -7 in Perth. When Murdoch became an American citizen in 1985 so that he could expand his media empire in
6230-633: The time owned one of Australia's two domestic airlines. TEN-10 in Sydney, which opened on 5 April 1965, was originally owned by United Telecasters, which also in July that year opened TVQ -0 in Brisbane . Also opened later that month was SAS-10 , serving the city of Adelaide . The new television network was initially dubbed the Independent Television System or ITS, but in 1970 adopted the title The 0-10 Network , which reflected
6319-411: Was TV's first ever lesbian character. She was shown fondling and kissing the virginal Bev (played by series regular Abigail ) whilst she was sleeping under the effect of sleeping pills. Karen was later revealed to be a devil worshipper who wanted to sacrifice Bev to the devil during a Black Mass , a story-arc that was heavily censored. A second lesbian character, Marie Crowther Hazel Phillips , left
6408-471: Was a huge rating success, and ran for 17 years. However, the network's true financial reprise came about due to the fact that the controversial adult soap opera serial Number 96 premiered in March 1972 on the night that "Australian TV lost its virginity". The series broke new ground for Australian television and captured the imagination of viewers like few programs before or since. For the next three years it
6497-555: Was completed on 27 October 1989, effectively splitting Northern Star's Network Ten in half. In September 1990, Northern Star went into receivership and on 13 January 1991 at 8:30pm, the network was re-branded back to Network Ten with the first version of its famous ten watermark logo. The network was placed into liquidation by the National Rugby League in May 1991. In 1992, the network's flagship stations were sold to
6586-409: Was consistently Australia's top-rating television program and, not surprisingly, its huge popularity attracted advertisers to Ten en masse , with the result that its revenue increased significantly from $ 1 million in 1971 to more than $ 10 million in 1972. However, the pattern of rating dominance was already set, and for most of the next five decades from the mid-1960s, there was little deviation from
6675-572: Was forced to change its name to 10 Bold on 10 December 2018 due to trademark conflicts with Fairfax Media . On 4 December 2019, CBS Corporation completed a re-merger with fellow media conglomerate Viacom as ViacomCBS ; the two companies had previously separated in 2005 . ViacomCBS subsequently began to integrate the companies' operations in Australia; in a reorganisation of the ViacomCBS Networks International division, Network 10 would join its new sister network in
6764-527: Was granted to United Telecasters (a consortium of Amalgamated Wireless , Colonial Sugar Refining Company , Email , Bank of New South Wales and the NRMA ) on 4 April 1963. Structurally, the Australian television industry was closely modelled on the two-tiered system that had been in place in Australian radio since the late 1930s. One tier consisted of a network of publicly funded television stations run by
6853-423: Was in discussions with newspaper publisher John Fairfax Holdings about a possible sale of the network, after the federal government indicated it may consider relaxing Australia's media cross-ownership laws. Previously, newspaper owners could not own television stations in the same city. Fairfax owned the Seven Network until 1988 and had been looking for a way back into television for a long time. On 21 August 2005,
6942-419: Was intended to draw back viewers and to provide a mechanism to quickly write out several existing characters in a bid to freshen up the cast of characters and revamp the storylines. On Friday 5 September 1975, a planted bomb exploded in the delicatessen, destroying it and the adjacent wine bar, which was crowded with customers. The sequence was filmed on a Saturday because the studio was empty, and real gelignite
7031-517: Was intended to replace an existing guaranteed $ 200 million loan that was due to expire in December. On 13 June, Ten asked the Australian Securities Exchange that their stock be placed in a 48-hour trading halt while it assessed its options concerning receivership. It went into voluntary administration the following day. On 28 August 2017, Ten's administrators announced that the U.S. media company CBS Corporation (which had
7120-549: Was never dehumanised or poked fun at. Bill Harmon and Don Cash had previously worked in New York at NBC , and became a partnership after arriving in Australia and producing adventure series The Rovers and a couple of unsuccessful films. Production of Number 96 started in October 1971. It was produced and recorded on videotape in monochrome for the first three years, and switched to colour production in late 1974. Many of
7209-515: Was offered ongoing employment with the network, he announced that he would be returning to the Nine Network. 9am with David & Kim replaced GMA as Ten's national morning program from 2006 to 2009. From 2006 to 2008, Ten was the official broadcaster of Sydney New Year's Eve . The rights returned to the Nine Network from 2009. On 7 August 2007, Network Ten and Foxtel signed a new agreement allowing Ten's digital signal to be transmitted via Foxtel's cable and satellite services. Prior to this, Ten
7298-499: Was only transmitted via cable on Foxtel in an analogue format and Austar in standard definition digital via Mystar. Similarly in October 2007, Network Ten and Optus announced that Ten's digital signal would be available on its cable network from 1 December 2007. On 16 December 2007, Ten HD was officially launched as a breakaway channel, becoming the first new commercial television channel in metropolitan areas of Australia since 1988. Ten HD ceased broadcasting on 25 March 2009 when it
7387-651: Was replaced by what was a sports-only high-definition channel, One HD . On 24 September 2009, Canwest announced that it was selling its 50.1% stake in Ten Network Holdings for $ 680 million, to pay down its significant debt. In late 2009, Canwest filed for creditor bankruptcy protection , due to CA$ 4 billion mounting debt across radio, television broadcasting and publishing assets in several countries. On 20 October 2010, four years after he sold his shares in PBL Media to private equity firm CVC Asia Pacific , James Packer purchased 16 per cent of Ten. Network Ten launched
7476-408: Was said to have made the show unable to be sold to the U.S. International networks could cut out the nudity, but the interracial romances and homosexual themes were too frequent to be censored. A later interracial romance saw Indigenous actress Justine Saunders playing hairdresser Rhonda Jackson. She had an affair with Dudley ( Chard Hayward ) but was secretly in love with Arnold ( Jeff Kevin ) and
7565-464: Was seen in colour as networks switched over to colour television broadcasting in Australia The series was notable for breaking new ground and introducing controversial subject matter. The premiere of the series was promoted heavily in media with newspaper advertisements that described it as "Tonight, Australian television loses its virginity" and it followed the lives of residents living in
7654-566: Was short-lived and however unlike Number 96's Joe Hasham he's portrayal did not prove popular with viewers and he only appeared for the first season, with then-president of the New York-based Gay Activists Alliance calling it "the worst stereotype of a gay person I've ever seen". Number 96 would also feature numerous firsts, however usually featuring shorter term cast in varying story-arcs, for example notable theatre star Toni Lamond , played Karen Winters, who
7743-711: Was subject to an inquiry by the Australian Broadcasting Tribunal in relation to media ownership rules and had run into financial difficulties following the 1987 stock market crash two years earlier. On 1 September 1989, Northern Star Holdings announced a major restructuring to pay off debts and help restore profitability. The proposals included selling off the network's three smaller stations ( ADS in Adelaide, NEW in Perth and CTC in Canberra) to Charles Curran's Capital Television Group . The sale
7832-399: Was the series final script editor, Susan Swinford, Dick Barry, Michael Laurence, Lynn Foster, Ken Shadie , and Eleanor Witcombe . Number 96 became infamous for its groundbreaking adult storylines and nudity, its comedy characters, and controversial storylines including teenage drug addiction and a black mass conducted by devil-worshippers . Whodunits included a panty snatcher (dubbed
7921-411: Was used, resulting in the studio doors being blown off their hinges. The makers of the show made a bold move, killing off several long-running cast favourite's which were revealed on the front page of newspapers on Monday 8 September 1975. They included Les ( Gordon McDougall ), Aldo and Roma Godolfus ( Johnny Lockwood and Philippa Baker ), and then revealing scheming Maggie Cameron ( Bettina Welch ) as
#203796