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20-496: In medieval times the territory was ruled by the counts of Henneberg and the princes of Schwarzburg , two local dynasties. While Ilmenau was ruled by Henneberg, Arnstadt belonged to Schwarzburg. When the Henneberg family became extinct in 1583, Ilmenau was acquired by Saxony . In the meantime the principality of Schwarzburg began to disintegrate and was split up into several tiny states. One of those states (Schwarzburg-Arnstadt)

40-585: The House of Hohenzollern have borne ever since. (Note: There are two manners for numbering the rulers of this noble family: birth numbers or regnal numbers. Albeit the birth number is more commonly used, the table uses the sequential regnal numbers presented in Stammliste von Henneberg , to avoid confusion or holes in the counting. According to this alternative numbering, there's a different counting for Frankenstein and Lichtenberg (from 1190 onwards ). All

60-704: The Middle Rhine Valley, east of modern-day France . Charibert, a nobleman in Neustria is the earliest recorded ancestor of the family, dating before 636. Five generations pass between Charibert and the next descendant of note, Robert III of Worms . Both the Capetian dynasty and the Elder House of Babenberg (Popponids) are direct male lineal descendants of Count Robert I and therefore referred to as Robertians . The designation Babenberger , from

80-597: The Albertine duke Maurice of Saxe-Zeitz . The Lordship of Schmalkalden fell to Landgrave William IV of Hesse-Kassel , according to an inheritance treaty of 1360. After the Congress of Vienna (1815), the former Albertine parts around Schleusingen and Suhl fell to the Prussian province of Saxony . King Frederick William III of Prussia assumed the title of a Princely Count of Henneberg, which his successors in

100-585: The Counts of Bilstein. Claims on the Ludowingians ' inheritance were made by Henry Raspe's niece and his nephew. Sophie of Thuringia , married to Henry II, Duke of Brabant and Lothier , was the daughter of Henry Raspe's brother Louis IV and she claimed the territories on behalf of her son Henry . (Sophie's sister Gertrude was abbess of the imperial convent of Altenberg in Wetzlar and thus excluded from

120-643: The Counts of Henneberg lived on until 1583. In 1554 William IV of Henneberg-Schleusingen had signed a treaty of inheritance with Duke John Frederick II of Saxony . However, when the last Count George Ernest of Henneberg died, both the Ernestine and the Albertine branch of the Wettin dynasty claimed his estates, that were finally divided in 1660 among the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Gotha and

140-781: The ancestral seat Henneberg Castle near Meiningen belonged to the German stem duchy of Franconia . They were located southwest of the Rennsteig ridge in the Thuringian Forest , then forming the border with the possessions held by the Landgraves of Thuringia in the north. In 1096 one Count Godebold II of Henneberg served as a burgrave of the Würzburg bishops , his father Poppo had been killed in battle in 1078. In 1137 he established Vessra Abbey near Hildburghausen as

160-585: The castle of Bamberg (Babenberch) , was established in the 12th century by the chronicler Otto of Freising , himself a member of the Babenberg family. The later House of Babenberg , which ruled what became the Duchy of Austria , claimed to come of the Popponid dynasty. However, the descent of the first margrave Leopold I of Austria († 994) remains uncertain. In the 11th century, the dynasty's estates around

180-530: The extinction of the Bavarian House of Andechs upon the death of Duke Otto II of Merania in 1248, the Counts of Henneberg also inherited their Franconian lordship of Coburg (then called the "new lordship", later Saxe-Coburg ). In 1274 the Henneberg estates were divided into the Schleusingen , Aschach- Römhild and Hartenberg branches. Count Berthold VII of Henneberg-Schleusingen (1272–1340)

200-636: The family's house monastery. The counts lost their position as the bishops were raised to "Dukes of Franconia" in the 12th century. Nevertheless, in the course of the War of the Thuringian Succession upon the death of Landgrave Henry Raspe , Count Herman I of Henneberg (1224–1290) in 1247 received the Thuringian lordship of Schmalkalden from the Wettin margrave Henry III of Meissen . After

220-669: The female line. In 1122, before his acquisition of the title of Landgrave, Count Louis I of Thuringia had married Hedwig of Gudensberg , the female heir of the Hessian comital family of the Gisonen. The Gisonen, whose lands were initially mainly in the upper Lahn area, had previously come into the significant inheritance of Count Werner in Lower Hesse . Then, through the marriage of Giso IV with Kunigunde of Bilstein, they had also acquired widespread property and vogtship rights from

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240-657: The northernmost part of the Franconian Circle , bordering on the Upper Saxon Ernestine duchies and the lands of the Upper Rhenish prince-abbacy of Fulda in the northwest. A thorn in the side remained the enclave of Meiningen , a fief held by the Bishops of Würzburg , which was not acquired by the counts until 1542. Whereas the male line of the House of Babenberg became extinct in 1246,

260-524: The other members of the family use one only counting. However, even this alternative counting is not perfect: it counts only the ruling members, but by birth order , which means that people with higher count may start to rule first than others. These cases will be pointed out in the table.) War of the Thuringian Succession The War of the Thuringian Succession (German: Thüringisch-hessischer Erbfolgekrieg ) (1247–1264)

280-529: The southeastern Thuringian Forest , among them the highest elevation of that mountain chain, the Großer Beerberg (982 m). To the north the country is sloping away and becomes rather plain, mainly agricultural area. The coat of arms displays: 1. Geratal/Plaue [seat: Geraberg ] 2. Riechheimer Berg 50°45′N 11°00′E  /  50.75°N 11.0°E  / 50.75; 11.0 House of Henneberg The House of Henneberg

300-584: The succession.) Henry III, Margrave of Meissen , was the son of Henry Raspe's older sister Jutta. Another competitor was the Archbishop of Mainz , who could claim Hesse was a fiefdom of the Archbishopric and now, after the extinction of the Ludowingians, demanded its return. The war lasted over 17 years. Sophie did not succeed in winning the overall Ludowinger inheritance for her son Henry, but

320-484: The war secured his Hessian possessions. This created the Landgraviate of Hesse . The Margrave of Meissen acquired Thuringia and also the title of Landgrave of Thuringia. The importance of the dispute and its outcome lies in that an increasingly strong territorial principality of Hesse emerged and that, at the same time, the goal of the Ludowingians of building a strong territorial base in the heart of Germany through

340-629: Was a medieval German comital family ( Grafen ) which from the 11th century onwards held large territories in the Duchy of Franconia . Their county was raised to a princely county ( Gefürstete Grafschaft ) in 1310. Upon the extinction of the line in the late 16th century, most of the territory was inherited by the Saxon House of Wettin and subsequently incorporated into the Thuringian estates of its Ernestine branch. The distant origins of this family are speculative yet seem to originate in

360-550: Was a military conflict over a successor to the last Landgrave of Thuringia for control of the state of Thuringia (now in modern-day Germany ). With the death of the childless Landgrave Henry Raspe in 1247, the Ludowingian line of Thuringian landgraves became extinct in the male line. His property included not only large parts of Thuringia , but also the Countship of Hesse had come into Ludowingian possession through

380-456: Was based in Arnstadt; it was founded in 1574 and existed until 1716, when it fell to Schwarzburg-Sondershausen . This mini state existed until 1920, when the state of Thuringia was founded. The district was founded in 1920 (under the name Arnstadt); it was divided in 1952 into the districts of Arnstadt and Ilmenau, but reunited in 1994. In its southern portions the district includes parts of

400-591: Was elevated to princely status in 1310, his estates comprised the towns of Schmalkalden, Suhl and Coburg. In 1343 the Counts of Hennberg also purchased the Thuringian town of Ilmenau . The Coburg lands passed to the Saxon House of Wettin upon the marriage of Countess Catherine of Henneberg to Margrave Frederick III of Meissen in 1347. After the Imperial Reform of 1500, the County of Henneberg formed

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